Criminal justice : a brief introduction

著者

書誌事項

Criminal justice : a brief introduction

Frank Schmalleger

Pearson/Prentice Hall, c2006

6th ed

大学図書館所蔵 件 / 全1件

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注記

Includes bibliographical references (p. N 1-N 28) and indexes

内容説明・目次

内容説明

The first and best-selling brief introduction to criminal justice text, Criminal Justice: A Brief Introduction 6e continues to offer instructors and students a trusted, authoritative and impeccably researched introduction to the criminal justice system in America. Known for its freedom vs. safety theme, its unmatched timeliness and its coverage of the newest criminal justice trends and technology, Criminal Justice: A Brief introdcution 6e is THE standard by which all other brief texts are judged.

目次

Contents. Preface. Acknowledgments. About the Author. I. CRIME IN AMERICA. 1. What Is Criminal Justice? Introduction A Brief History of Crime in America CJ News First Enron Executive Goes to Prison The Theme of This Book Social Justice American Criminal Justice: System and Functions The Consensus Model The Conflict Model American Criminal Justice: The Process Investigation and Arrest Pretrial Activities Adjudication Sentencing Corrections Due Process and Individual Rights The Role of the Courts in Defining Rights The Ultimate Goal: Crime Control through Due Process Freedom or Safety? You Decide. The Role of Research in Criminal Justice CJ Careers U.S. Federal Government 2004 General Schedule (GS) Pay Multiculturalism and Diversity in Criminal Justice Summary Discussion Questions Web Quest 2. The Crime Picture. Introduction Crime Data and Social Policy The Collection of Crime Data The Uniform Crime Reports Development of the UCR Program Historical Trends UCR Terminology Part I Offenses CJ News Bank Robbers Loving NYC Multiculturalism and Diversity Race and the Criminal Justice System CJ Exhibit 2-1 Identity Theft: A New Kind of Larceny Part II Offenses NIBRS: The New UCR The National Crime Victimization Survey Comparisons of the UCR and the NCVS Problems with the UCR and the NCVS Special Categories of Crime Crime against Women Multiculturalism and Diversity Gender Issues in Criminal Justice CJ Exhibit 2-2 Offline versus Online Stalking: A Comparison Crime against the Elderly Hate Crime Corporate and White-Collar Crime Organized Crime Gun Crime Drug Crime CJ Exhibit 2-3 Gun Control CJ Careers Drug Enforcement Administration High-Technology and Computer Crime Terrorism CJ Exhibit 2-4 What Is Terrorist Activity? Freedom or Safety? You Decide. Summary Discussion Questions Web Quest 3. Criminal Law. Introduction The Nature and Purpose of Law The Rule of Law Types of Law Criminal Law Civil Law Administrative Law Case Law Freedom or Safety? You Decide. Procedural Law General Categories of Crime Felonies Misdemeanors Offenses Treason and Espionage Inchoate Offenses General Features of Crime The Criminal Act (Actus Reus) A Guilty Mind (Mens Rea) Concurrence Other Features of Crime Elements of a Specific Criminal Offense The Example of Murder The Corpus Delicti of a Crime Multiculturalism and Diversity Islamic Law Types of Defenses to a Criminal Charge Alibi Justifications Self-Defense Defense of Others Excuses CJ Careers U.S. Secret Service-Uniformed Division CJ News Texas Woman Who Killed Kids Acquitted Procedural Defenses Summary Discussion Questions Web Quest II. POLICING. 4. Policing: Purpose and Organization. Introduction The Police Mission Enforcing the Law Apprehending Offenders Preventing Crime Preserving the Peace Providing Services American Policing: From the Federal to the Local Level Federal Agencies CJ Careers Federal Bureau of Investigation State-Level Agencies Local Agencies CJ News Sheriff's Hunt for Serial Killer Was a Mission , Not Just a Job Police Administration Policing Styles Freedom or Safety? You Decide. Police-Community Relations Scientific Police Management Discretion and the Individual Officer Summary Discussion Questions Web Quest 5. Policing: Legal Aspects. Introduction The Abuse of police power A Changing Legal Climate Individual Rights Due Process Requirements Search and Seizure The Exclusionary Rule Freedom or Safety? You Decide. The Warren Court (1953-1969) The Burger (1969-1986) and Rehnquist (1986-Present) Courts CJ Exhibit 5-1 Plain-View Requirements Arrest CJ News Court Permits Speedy Drug Raid Searches Incident to Arrest Emergency Searches of Persons CJ Careers Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement Vehicle Searches Suspicionless Searches High-Technology Searches The Intelligence Function Informants Police Interrogation The Right to a Lawyer at Interrogation Suspect Rights: The Miranda Decision CJ Exhibit 5-2 The Miranda Warnings CJ Exhibit 5-3 Miranda Update Gathering Special Kinds of Nontestimonial Evidence Electronic Eavesdropping CJ Exhibit 5-4 The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 Summary Discussion Questions Web Quest 6. Policing: Issues and Challenges. Introduction Police Personality and Culture Multiculturalism and Diversity Policing a Multicultural Society Corruption and Integrity Money-The Root of Police Evil? Building Police Integrity Drug Testing of Police Employees The Dangers of Police Work Violence in the Line of Duty Risk of Disease and Infected Evidence Stress and Fatigue among Police Officers Terrorism's Impact on American Policing Police Civil Liability Common Sources of Civil Suits Federal Lawsuits Racial Profiling and Biased Policing Racially Biased Policing Police Use of Force Deadly Force Freedom or Safety? You Decide. Less-Lethal Weapons CJ Careers Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives CJ News As Shocks Replace Bullets, Deaths Fall Professionalism and Ethics CJ Exhibit 6-1 The Law Enforcement Code of Ethics Education and Training Multiculturalism and Diversity Investigating Crime in a Multicultural Setting Recruitment and Selection Ethnic and Gender Diversity in Policing Women as Effective Police Officers Increasing the Number of Minorities and Women in Police Work Private Protective Services Integrating Public and Private Security Summary Discussion Questions Web Quest III. ADJUDICATION. 7. The Courts. Introduction History and Structure of the American Court System The State Court System The Development of State Courts State Court Systems Today The Federal Court System U.S. District Courts U.S. Courts of Appeals The U.S. Supreme Court Multiculturalism and Diversity The International Criminal Court Pretrial Activities The First Appearance CJ Exhibit 7-1 Nonjudicial Pretrial Release Decisions The Grand Jury The Preliminary Hearing Arraignment and the Plea Summary Discussion Questions Web Quest 8. The Courtroom Work Group and the Criminal Trial. Introduction The Courtroom Work Group: Professional Courtroom Actors The Judge The Prosecuting Attorney The Defense Counsel CJ News How Good a Defense Should a Suspect Get? CJ Exhibit 8-1 Gideon v. Wainwright and Indigent Defense CJ Exhibit 8-2 American Bar Association Code of Professional Responsibility The Bailiff CJ Careers U.S. Marshals Service Local Court Administrators The Court Reporter The Clerk of Court The Expert Witness Outsiders: Nonprofessional Courtroom Participants Lay Witnesses Jurors The Victim The Defendant The Press The Criminal Trial Nature and Purpose of the Criminal Trial Stages in a Criminal Trial Trial Initiation: The Speedy Trial Act Jury Selection CJ Exhibit 8-3 Peremptory Challenges and Race Opening Statements CJ Exhibit 8-4 Pretrial and Posttrial Motions The Presentation of Evidence Closing Arguments The Judge's Charge to the Jury Jury Deliberations and the Verdict Multiculturalism and Diversity The Bilingual Courtroom Improving the Adjudication Process Summary Discussion Questions Web Quest 9. Sentencing. Introduction The Philosophy and Goals of Criminal Sentencing Retribution Incapacitation Deterrence Rehabilitation Restoration Indeterminate Sentencing Critiques of Indeterminate Sentencing Structured Sentencing Critiques of Structured Sentencing CJ Exhibit 9-1 Aggravating and Mitigating Circumstances Mandatory Sentencing CJ Exhibit 9-2 Three Strikes and You're Out: A Brief History of the "Get Tough on Crime" Movement Truth in Sentencing Federal Sentencing Guidelines Federal Guideline Provisions Plea Bargaining under the Guidelines CJ News: Sentencing Decision's Reach Is Far and Wide: The Impact of Blakely v. Washington Innovations in Sentencing Questions about Alternative Sanctions The Presentence Investigation The Victim-Forgotten No Longer CJ Exhibit 9-3 President Bush Calls for Victims' Rights Amendment Victim-Impact Statements Modern Sentencing Options Fines Death: The Ultimate Sanction Habeas Corpus Review Opposition to Capital Punishment Justifications for Capital Punishment CJ News Massachusetts Governor Names Panel to Draft New Death Penalty Bill The Courts and the Death Penalty The Future of the Death Penalty Freedom or Safety? You Decide. Summary Discussion Questions Web Quest IV. CORRECTIONS. 10. Probation, Parole, and Community Corrections. Introduction What Is Probation? The Extent of Probation Probation Conditions What Is Parole? The Extent of Parole Parole Conditions Federal Parole Probation and Parole: The Pluses and Minuses Advantages of Probation and Parole Disadvantages of Probation and Parole CJ News Florida Eyes Tougher Probation Laws The Legal Environment The Federal Probation System The Job of Probation and Parole Officers CJ Careers U.S. Probation Officer The Challenges of the Job Intermediate Sanctions Split Sentencing Shock Probation and Shock Parole Shock Incarceration Mixed Sentencing and Community Service Intensive Supervision Home Confinement and Remote Location Monitoring The Future of Probation and Parole Summary Discussion Questions Web Quest 11. Prisons and Jails. Introduction Prisons The Philosophy of Imprisonment Overcrowding Security Levels The Federal Prison System Recent Improvements Jails CJ Careers Federal Bureau of Prisons Women and Jail The Growth of Jails Direct-Supervision Jails Jails and the Future CJ Exhibit 11-1 American Jail Association Code of Ethics for Jail Officers Private Prisons CJ Exhibit 11-2 Arguments for and Against the Privatization of Prisons Summary Discussion Questions Web Quest 12. Prison Life. Introduction Research on Prison Life: Total Institutions The Male Inmate's World CJ Exhibit 12-1 Prison Argot: The Language of Confinement The Evolution of Prison Subcultures The Functions of Prison Subcultures Prison Lifestyles and Inmate Types Homosexuality in Prison The Female Inmate's World CJ News Child Sleepovers at Prison Reviewed Social Structure in Women's Prisons Types of Female Inmates Violence in Women's Prisons The Staff World Freedom or Safety? You Decide. CJ Exhibit 12-2 American Correctional Association Code of Ethics The Professionalization of Correctional Officers Prison Riots Causes of Riots Stages in Riots and Riot Control Prisoners' Rights The Legal Basis of Prisoners' Rights Precedents in Prisoners' Rights CJ Exhibit 12-3 Federal Oversight of the Texas Prison System: A Timeline A Return to the Hands-Off Doctrine? CJ Careers U.S. Customs and Border Protection Issues Facing Prisons Today AIDS Geriatric Offenders Mentally Ill Inmates Terrorism Summary Discussion Questions Web Quest Appendix A. Bill of Rights A-1. Appendix B. List of Acronyms A-3. Notes. Index.

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