Fractured cities : social exclusion, urban violence and contested spaces in Latin America

著者

書誌事項

Fractured cities : social exclusion, urban violence and contested spaces in Latin America

Kees Koonings & Dirk Kruijt, editors

Zed Books, 2007

  • : hb
  • : pb

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注記

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

巻冊次

: hb ISBN 9781842777305

内容説明

As cities sprawl across Latin America, absorbing more and more of its people, crime and violence have become inescapable. From the paramilitary invasion of Medell¡n in Colombia, the booming wealth of crack dealers in Managua, Nicaragua and police corruption in Mexico City, to the glimmers of hope in Lima, this book provides a dynamic analysis of urban insecurity. Based on new empirical evidence, interviews with local people and historical contextualization, the authors attempts to shed light on the fault-lines which have appeared in Latin American society. Neoliberal economic policy, it is argued, has intensified the gulf between elites, insulated in gated estates monitored by private security firms, and the poor, who are increasingly mistrustful of state-sponsored attempts to impose order on their slums. Rather than the current trend towards government withdrawal, the situation can only be improved by co-operation between communities and police to build new networks of trust. In the end, violence and insecurity are inseparable from social justice and democracy.

目次

Introduction: The Duality of Latin American Cityscapes Part I: Fractured Cities, Second-Class Citizenship, and Urban Violence  Urban poverty, desborde popular and the erosion of the formal social order From desborde popular to desborde de la violencia : conceptualising exclusion, insecurity and violence Armed actors and violence brokers The politics of urban violence Parallel power and perverse integration Part II: Rio de Janeiro Introduction Favela-Related Violence Impact on Education Motives for involvement in drug-trading Police and Community - Negative Dialogues Political-Administrative Constraints Police Oversight and the Lack of Political Will - Costs and Consequences Conclusions Part III: Mexico City Violence as fact and phantom Metropolitan structure and security governance Patterns and actors of insecurity and violence Governmental and societal responses and strategies Conclusions Part IV: Medelli. History of urban violence in Medellin Daily life under guerrillas and paramilitaries A promising peace process with paramilitaries Concluding remarks Part V: Managua Introduction Barrio Luis Fanor Hern ndez: Past and Present Drugs, material wealth, and conspicuous consumption Consumption, cultural exclusion, and predation Violence and primitive accumulation Conclusion Part VI: Caracas Divided Caracas The advent of violence in Caracas Forms of violence Fear as an urban sentiment The loss of the city Democracy and violence in the city Part VII: Lima Metropolitana City of informales New social actors and new forms of popular organisation Low-Intensity Violence Conclusion Part VII: Living in Fear: How the Urban Poor Perceive Violence, Fear and Insecurity Cathy McIlwaine and Caroline O.N. Moser The Diversity and Complexity of Violence among the Urban Poor Urban Poor Constructions of Fear: Social Fragmentation and Spatial Restrictions The Legitimization of Violence among the Urban Poor I: The Emergence of Perverse Social Organizations The Legitimization of Violence among the Urban Poor II: Inadequate State Security and Judicial Protection Non-violent Coping: a Gendered Response Conclusions Epilogue: Latin America's Urban Duality Revisited Bibliography Index
巻冊次

: pb ISBN 9781842777312

内容説明

As cities sprawl across Latin America, absorbing more and more of its people, crime and violence have become inescapable. From the paramilitary invasion of Medell!n in Colombia, the booming wealth of crack dealers in Managua, Nicaragua and police corruption in Mexico City, to the glimmers of hope in Lima, this book provides a dynamic analysis of urban insecurity. Based on new empirical evidence, interviews with local people and historical contextualization, the authors attempts to shed light on the fault-lines which have appeared in Latin American society. Neoliberal economic policy, it is argued, has intensified the gulf between elites, insulated in gated estates monitored by private security firms, and the poor, who are increasingly mistrustful of state-sponsored attempts to impose order on their slums. Rather than the current trend towards government withdrawal, the situation can only be improved by co-operation between communities and police to build new networks of trust. In the end, violence and insecurity are inseparable from social justice and democracy.

目次

Introduction: The Duality of Latin American Cityscapes Part I: Fractured Cities, Second-Class Citizenship, and Urban Violence Urban poverty, desborde popular and the erosion of the formal social order From desborde popular to desborde de la violencia : conceptualising exclusion, insecurity and violence Armed actors and violence brokers The politics of urban violence Parallel power and perverse integration Part II: Rio de Janeiro Introduction Favela-Related Violence Impact on Education Motives for involvement in drug-trading Police and Community - Negative Dialogues Political-Administrative Constraints Police Oversight and the Lack of Political Will - Costs and Consequences Conclusions Part III: Mexico City Violence as fact and phantom Metropolitan structure and security governance Patterns and actors of insecurity and violence Governmental and societal responses and strategies Conclusions Part IV: Medelli. History of urban violence in Medellin Daily life under guerrillas and paramilitaries A promising peace process with paramilitaries Concluding remarks Part V: Managua Introduction Barrio Luis Fanor Hern ndez: Past and Present Drugs, material wealth, and conspicuous consumption Consumption, cultural exclusion, and predation Violence and primitive accumulation Conclusion Part VI: Caracas Divided Caracas The advent of violence in Caracas Forms of violence Fear as an urban sentiment The loss of the city Democracy and violence in the city Part VII: Lima Metropolitana City of informales New social actors and new forms of popular organisation Low-Intensity Violence Conclusion Part VII: Living in Fear: How the Urban Poor Perceive Violence, Fear and Insecurity Cathy McIlwaine and Caroline O.N. Moser The Diversity and Complexity of Violence among the Urban Poor Urban Poor Constructions of Fear: Social Fragmentation and Spatial Restrictions The Legitimization of Violence among the Urban Poor I: The Emergence of Perverse Social Organizations The Legitimization of Violence among the Urban Poor II: Inadequate State Security and Judicial Protection Non-violent Coping: a Gendered Response Conclusions Epilogue: Latin America's Urban Duality Revisited Bibliography Index

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