Solar eruptions and energetic particles

Author(s)

    • Gopalswamy, Natchimuthukonar
    • Mewaldt, Richard
    • Torsti, Jarmo

Bibliographic Information

Solar eruptions and energetic particles

Natchimuthukonar Gopalswamy, Richard Mewaldt, Jarmo Torsti

(Geophysical monograph, 165)

American Geophysical Union, c2006

  • : alk. paper

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Includes bibliographical references and index

Description and Table of Contents

Description

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 165. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most energetic events in the heliosphere. During solar cycle 23, the close connection between CMEs and solar energetic particles (SEPs) was studied in much greater detail than was previously possible, including effects on space weather. This book reviews extensive observations of solar eruptions and SEPs from orbiting and ground-based systems. From SOHO and ACE to RHESSI and TRACE, we now have measurements of unprecedented sensitivity by which to test assumptions and refine models. Discussion and analysis of: Coronal mass ejections and energetic particles over one solar cycle Implications of solar eruptions for space weather and human space exploration The elemental, isotopic, and ionic charge state composition of accelerated particles Complex interconnections among CMEs, flares, shocks, and energetic particles will make this book an indispensable resource for scientists working on the Sun-Earth connection, including space physicists, magnetospheric physicists, atmospheric physicists, astrophysicists, and aeronomists.

Table of Contents

Overview Preface Natchimuthukonar Gopalswamy, Richard Mewaldt, and Jarmo Torsti ix Solar Eruptions and Energetic Particles: An Introduction N. Gopalswamy, R. Mewaldt, and J. Torsti 1 A Historical Perspective on Coronal Mass Ejections R. A. Howard 7 Solar Energetic Particles and Coronal Mass Ejections: A Perspective J. R. Jokipii 15 Coronal Mass Ejections Observational Properties of Coronal Mass Ejections S. W. Kahler 21 A Broad Perspective on Automated CME Tracking: Towards Higher Level Space Weather Forecasting Eva Robbrecht and David Berghmans 33 Initiation of Coronal Mass Ejections Ronald L. Moore and Alphonse C. Sterling 43 Magnetic Helicity and Coronal Mass Ejections A. Nindos 59 Bursting the Solar Bubble: The Flare-Coronal Mass Ejection Relationship Richard Harrison 73 Models of Solar Eruptions: Recent Advances From Theory and Simulations Ilia I. Roussev and Igor V. Sokolov 89 Solar Energetic Particles Solar Energetic Particles: An Overview Tycho von Rosenvinge and Hilary V. Cane 103 The Source Material for Large Solar Energetic Particle Events R. A. Mewaldt, C. M. S. Cohen, and G. M. Mason 115 Observations of Energy-Dependent Charge States in Solar Energetic Particles M. A. Popecki 127 Modeling the Energy-Dependent Charge States of Solar Energetic Particles Leon Kocharov 137 Solar Energetic Particle Composition Berndt Klecker 147 Flares and Energetic Particles Radiative Diagnoses of Energetic Particles A. L. MacKinnon 157 Gamma Radiation From Flare-Accelerated Particles Impacting the Sun Gerald H. Share and Ronald J. Murphy 177 Particle Acceleration in Solar Flares and Escape Into Interplanetary Space Markus J. Aschwanden 189 Solar Energetic Electrons, X-rays, and Radio Bursts R. P. Lin 199 CME-Driven Shocks and SEPs in the Heliosphere Coronal Mass Ejections and Type II Radio Bursts Nat Gopalswamy 207 EIT Waves and Coronal Shock Waves G. Mann 221 Radio Bursts and Solar Energetic Particle Events K.-L. Klein 233 Diffusive Ion Acceleration by CME-Driven Shocks Martin A. Lee 245 Acceleration of SEPs: Role of CME-Associated Shocks and Turbulence R. Vainio 253 Spectral and Compositional Characteristics of Gradual and Impulsive Solar Energetic Particle Events Allan J. Tylka and Martin A. Lee 263 Observations of Energetic Storm Particles: An Overview Christina M. S. Cohen 275 Fifty Years of Ground Level Solar Particle Event Observations C. Lopate 283 The Propagation of Solar Energetic Particles in the Interplanetary Medium Wolfgang Droege 297 Radial and Latitudinal Variations of the Energetic Particle Response to ICMEs David Lario 309 KET Ulysses Observations of SEP in and out of the Ecliptic Alexei Struminsky and Bernd Heber 321 Space Weather Geoeffective Coronal Mass Ejections and Energetic Particles Eino Valtonen 335 The Creation of New Ion Radiation Belts Associated With Solar Energetic Particle Events and Interplanetary Shocks J. E. Mazur, J. B. Blake, P. L. Slocum, M. K. Hudson, and G. M. Mason 345 Energetic Particles in the Magnetosphere and Their Relationship to Solar Wind Drivers I. Roth, M. K. Hudson, B. T. Kress, and K. L. Perry 353 Space Weather Challenges Intrinsic to the Human Exploration of Space Ronald E. Turner 367 Space Weather: From Solar Eruptions to Magnetospheric Storms Hannu E. J. Koskinen and K. Emilia J. Huttunen 375

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