Earth's deep water cycle
著者
書誌事項
Earth's deep water cycle
（Geophysical monograph, 168）
American Geophysical Union, c2006
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注記
Includes bibliographical references
HTTP:URL=http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip071/2006031417.html Information=Table of contents only
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 168.
The distribution of H2O in the Earth is under debate. Although liquid water covers 70% of the surface, the oceans represent only about 0.025% of the planet's mass-far less water than thought to have been present during Earth's formation. If our planet is "missing" most of its original water, could it reside in the mantle? Can we detect it seismically?
Recognition of the capacity of some deep-mantle minerals to absorb water has propelled an interdisciplinary field of research addressing these two questions, and more. Earth's Deep Water Cycle advances the field with experimental, modeling, and seismic studies that focus on the physical characteristics of "hydrated" minerals, the potentially H2O-rich transition zone (410-660 km depth), and our detection abilities.
Integrated perspectives from four fields of research are featured:
Mineral physics and geochemistry
Seismology and electrical conductivity
Properties of deep hydrous mantle
Global models and consequences of a deep-Earth water cycle
From experimental synthesis and physical properties measurements to geophysical observations and geodynamic modeling, we are beginning to understand what parameters and data are needed to detect or refute the possibility of water in the deep Earth.
目次
Preface
Steven D. Jacobsen and Suzan van der Lee vii
I. Overviews
Nominally Anhydrous Minerals and Earth's Deep Water Cycle
Joseph R. Smyth and Steven D. Jacobsen 1
Seismological Constraints on Earth's Deep Water Cycle
Suzan van der Lee and Douglas A. Wiens 13
II. Water Storage and Stability of Hydrous Phases in the Mantle
Phase Relations of Hydrous Peridotite: Implications for Water Circulation in the Earth's Mantle
Tetsuya Komabayashi 29
Hydrogen Incorporation in Natural Mantle Olivines
Jed L. Mosenfelder, Thomas G. Sharp, Paul D. Asimow, and George R. Rossman 45
Water in Transition Zone and Lower Mantle Minerals
Nathalie Bolfan-Casanova, Catherine A. McCammon, and Stephen J. Mackwell 57
Raman Spectroscopic Studies of Hydrous and Nominally Anhydrous Deep Mantle Phases
Annette K. Kleppe and Andrew P. Jephcoat 69
III. Physical Properties of a Deep Hydrous Mantle
Influence of Water on Major Phase Transitions in the Earth's Mantle
Konstantin D. Litasov, Eiji Ohtani, and Asami Sano 95
Influence of Hydrogen-Related Defects on the Electrical Conductivity
and Plastic Deformation of Mantle Minerals: A Critical Review
Shun-ichiro Karato 113
Effect of Water on the Sound Velocities of Ringwoodite in the Transition Zone
Steven D. Jacobsen and Joseph R. Smyth 131
High-Pressure and High-Temperature Stability and Equation of State of
Superhydrous Phase B
Toru Inoue, Takayuki Ueda, Yuji Higo, Akihiro Yamada, Tetsuo Irifune, and Ken-ichi Funakoshi 147
Phase Diagram and Physical Properties of H2O at High Pressures and Temperatures:
Applications to Planetary Interiors
Jung-Fu Lin, Eric Schwegler, and Choong-Shik Yoo 159
IV. Observational Constraints on Water in the Deep Mantle
Water Content in the Mantle Transition Zone Beneath the North Pacific Derived From the Electrical Conductivity Anomaly
Takao Koyama, Hisayoshi Shimizu, Hisashi Utada, Masahiro Ichiki, Eiji Ohtani, and Ryota Hae 171
A Water-Rich Transition Zone Beneath the Eastern United States and Gulf of Mexico
From Multiple ScS Reverberations
Anna M. Courtier and Justin Revenaugh 181
Low Velocity Zone Atop the Transition Zone in the Western US From S Waveform Triplication
Teh-Ru Alex Song and Don V. Helmberger 195
Mantle Transition Zone Thickness in the Central South-American Subduction Zone
Jochen Braunmiller, Suzan van der Lee, Lindsey Doermann 215
Towards Mapping the Three-Dimensional Distribution of Water in the Upper Mantle
From Velocity and Attenuation Tomography
Azusa Shito, Shun-ichiro Karato, Kyoko N. Matsukage, and Yu Nishihara 225
Towards Mapping the Three-Dimensional Distribution of Water in the Transition Zone
From P-Velocity Tomography and 660-Km Discontinuity Depths
Daisuke Suetsugu, Toru Inoue, Akira Yamada, Dapeng Zhao, and Masayuki Obayashi 237
Seismic Evidence for Subduction-Transported Water in the Lower Mantle
Jesse F. Lawrence and Michael E. Wysession 251
V. Models of a Deep Water Cycle
Implications of Subduction Rehydration for Earth's Deep Water Cycle
Lars Rupke, Jason Phipps Morgan, and Jacqueline Eaby Dixon 263
Petrologic Structure of a Hydrous 410 km Discontinuity
Marc M. Hirschmann, Anthony C. Withers, and Cyril Aubaud 277
The Transition-Zone Water Filter Model for Global Material Circulation:
Where do we Stand?
Shun-ichiro Karato, David Bercovici, Garrett Leahy, Guillaume Richard and Zhicheng Jing 289
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