Coalitions and partnerships in community health

書誌事項

Coalitions and partnerships in community health

Frances Dunn Butterfoss

Jossey-Bass, a Wiley imprint, c2007

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注記

Includes bibliographical references (p. 511-552) and indexes

内容説明・目次

内容説明

Coalitions and Partnerships in Community Health is a step-by-step guide for building durable coalitions to improve community and public health. This important resource provides an in-depth, analytical, and practical approach to building, sustaining, and nurturing these complex organizations. Author Frances Dunn Butterfoss includes all the tools for success in collaborative work from a research and practice-based stance. The book contains useful approaches to the issues, recommendations for action, resources for further study, and examples from actual coalition work. Coalitions and Partnerships in Community Health explores Historical foundations of coalitions and partnerships Principles of collaboration and partnering Benefits and challenges of a coalition approach Coalition frameworks and models Cultivating coalition leadership Roles and responsibilities of coalition staff, leaders, and members Communication, decision-making, and problem-solving methods Vision, mission, and bylaws Effective marketing Planning for sustainability Approaches to assessment Developing strategic and action plans Implementing coalition strategies in the community Media advocacy, strategies, and tips Participatory coalition evaluation

目次

Preface xvii Acknowledgments xxiii About the Author xxv Part I: Making the Case for Coalitions and Partnerships 1 1 Historical Perspective of Coalitions 3 Cooperation and Settlement in Early America 3 The Development of Associations 4 Community Organizing for Social Change: Trade Unions, Settlement Houses, and Neighborhood and Community Development 5 Social Work Approach 6 Political Activist Approach 7 Neighborhood-Maintenance, or Community-Development, Approach 8 Contemporary Efforts and Models of Social Action Community Organizing 10 Contemporary Roots of Coalitions and Partnerships for Health Promotion 12 Community Development 12 Citizen Participation 12 Empowerment 13 Community Capacity 14 Community Competence 15 Social Capital 15 Coalitions: A Public Health Strategy to Build Capable, Competent Communities 16 The Rise of Coalitions (1990-2006) 17 Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Abuse Prevention 17 Immunization Promotion 19 Oral Health Promotion 19 Teen Pregnancy Prevention 20 Injury Prevention 20 HIV/AIDS Prevention 20 Promoting Health Insurance 21 Prevention of Chronic Disease: Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer, and Diabetes 21 Asthma 22 Multiple Health Issue Coalitions: Turning Point Initiative 23 Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) 2010 23 Steps to a HealthierUS 24 Summary 24 Questions for Review 25 2 Principles of Collaboration and Partnering: Coalitions Defined 26 Defining Collaboration 26 Intensity and Levels of Collaborative Work 27 What's in a Name? 29 Models of Collaboration 30 What Makes a Coalition a Coalition? 31 Types of Coalitions 32 How Community Coalitions Differ from Other Types of Coalitions 34 Community Coalitions 34 State Coalitions 34 Regional or National Coalitions 36 Competing Coalitions 36 Coalition Spotlight: Changing with the Times-The Consortium for Infant and Child Health (CINCH) 37 Summary 38 Questions for Review 38 3 Why Coalitions? 49 Why Coalitions Form 49 The Importance of Community Context 51 Benefits of a Coalition Approach 53 Challenges of a Coalition Approach 55 Applying Democratic Principles to Coalition Building 57 When Coalitions Are Not the Solution 58 To Be or Not to Be? Should Coalitions Ever Disband? 59 Summary 60 Questions for Review 60 4 The Community Coalition Action Theory (CCAT) 61 The Community Coalition Action Theory (CCAT): Origin and Roots 62 Coalition Frameworks and Models 62 Community Organization and Development Model 62 Framework for Partnerships for Community Development 63 Framework of Organizational Viability 64 Community Coalition Model 65 Work Group on Health Promotion and Community Development Model 67 The Collaboration Framework 68 Typology of Community Organization and Community Building 69 The Conceptual Framework for Coalition Assessment 69 Model of Community Health Governance 69 Community Coalition Action Theory: Assumptions and Constructs 71 Outline of the CCAT Theory 71 Empirical Support for the CCAT Theory 76 Stages of Development 76 Community Context 77 Lead Agency or Convener Group 77 Coalition Membership 78 Coalition Operations and Processes 78 Leadership and Staffing 80 Coalition Structures 81 Pooled Member and External Resources 81 Member Engagement 82 Assessment and Planning 82 Implementation of Strategies 83 Community Change Outcomes 83 Health and Social Outcomes 83 Community Capacity 84 Application of CCAT: Consortium for the Immunization of Norfolk's Children (CINCH) 84 Stages of Development 85 Community Context 85 Lead Agency or Convener Group 85 Coalition Membership 86 Coalition Operations and Processes 86 Leadership and Staffing 86 Coalition Structures 87 Pooled Member and External Resources 87 Member Engagement 87 Assessment and Planning 87 Implementation of Strategies 88 Community Change and Health Outcomes 88 Community Capacity 88 Strengths and Limitations of the Theory, or Model 89 Future Directions 90 Summary 91 Questions for Review 91 Part II: Building Effective Coalitions and Partnerships 93 5 Lead Agency, Coalition Staff, and Leadership 95 Who is the Lead Agency? 96 Types of Lead Agencies 96 The Role of Lead Agencies 97 What Makes a Good Lead Agency? 97 Coalition Staff 98 Staff Roles 99 Coalition Leadership 108 Collaborative, or Transformational, Leaders 109 Leadership Recruitment 117 Leadership Styles 118 Leadership Traits, Skills, and Roles 121 Team Leadership 126 Training, Technical Assistance, and Orientation 126 Training 127 Technical Assistance 128 Trainers' and Technical-Assistance Consultants' Roles, Responsibilities, and Characteristics 129 Coalition Roles, Responsibilities, and Characteristics 129 Building and Sustaining Technical-Assistance Consultant-Coalition Relationships 129 Training and Technical Assistance Venues 130 Summary 134 Questions for Review 135 Resources 135 6 Coalition Membership and Teamwork 138 Member Organizations versus Individual Members 138 Categories of Membership 139 Member Characteristics, Capacities, and Skills 140 Member Responsibilities 142 Member Roles 144 Member Recruitment 144 Investing in Recruitment 148 Building Member Diversity 149 Member Retention 158 Does Size Matter? 162 Building Effective Teams and Work Groups 163 Stages of Team Development 164 Traits of Teams and Work Groups 165 Team and Work Group Roles 174 Building Community Ownership of the Coalition 175 Summary 176 Questions for Review 177 Resources 177 Organizations 177 Publications 179 7 Essential Coalition Processes 181 Communication 182 The Communication Process 183 Miscommunication 185 Communication Channels 185 Features of Effective Group Communication 186 Problem Solving 190 Effective Decision Making 195 Decision-Making Styles 196 Techniques for Building Majority-Rule Decisions 199 Techniques for Building Consensus 199 Prioritizing 200 Multi-Voting 201 Zero to Ten Rating 201 Ethical Decision Making 202 Resolving Conflict 203 Types of Conflict 204 General Conflict Resolution Strategies 207 Conflict Management Skills 208 Turfism 212 Types of Turf Issues That Coalitions Face 213 Avoiding and Resolving Turf Battles 213 Effective Turf Management Tips 215 Coalition Spotlight: Virginians for a Healthy Future 216 Summary 217 Questions for Review 218 Resources 219 General 219 Decision Making 219 Conflict Resolution 219 8 Coalition Infrastructure 222 Formalized Rules and Procedures 223 Coalition Vision and Mission Statements 223 SWOT Analysis 224 Vision Statements 224 Mission Statements 225 Slogans or Bylines 225 Roles and Job Descriptions 225 Organizational Charts 227 Steering Committees and Governance 229 Work Groups and Subgroups 230 Bylaws and Guidelines for Operations 231 Coalition Meetings 240 Meeting Basics 241 Timing of Meetings 242 Ground Rules 243 Meeting Process 244 Meeting Roles 244 Common Meeting Challenges 245 Agenda 249 Minutes 250 Parliamentary Procedure 250 Coalition Spotlight: Conducting Empowering Meetings 255 Summary 256 Questions for Review 256 Resources 256 Part III: Sustaining Effective Coalitions and Partnerships 259 9 Marketing the Coalition and Its Agenda 261 Marketing or Promoting the Coalition 262 Developing an Effective Organizational Message 262 Developing a Business Plan 265 Coalition Branding: Logo and Name 267 Promotional Materials 267 Brochures 268 Newsletters 270 Websites 273 Coalition Spokespersons 275 Summary 276 Questions for Review 276 Resources 277 10 Funding, Resource Development, and Sustainability 278 Sources of Coalition Funds 279 Sustainability 279 Social Enterprise 280 Social Entrepreneurs 281 Funding Characteristics 281 To Incorporate or Not? 282 Developing the Coalition Budget 285 Steps in the Budgeting Process 287 Fund-Raising 290 The Resource Development Team 292 The Resource Development Plan 293 Resource Planning Steps 293 Obtaining Corporate, Foundation, and Government Grants 298 Identifying and Researching Grant Funding Sources 299 Contacting the Funder 301 Building Support for the Grant Proposal 301 Requests for Proposals 302 Proposal Timelines 303 Writing a Grant Proposal 303 Reviewing Process for Competitive Grant Applications 304 Letters of Intent 305 The Grant Application 305 Dealing with Rejection 309 Improving Competitive Applications 310 Coalition Spotlight: Arkansas Oral Health Coalition 314 Summary 316 Questions for Review 316 Resources 316 Part IV: Coalitions and Partnerships in Action 319 11 Community Assessment 321 Choosing Coalition Issue(s) That Resonate with the Community 322 Framing the Issue to Build Support 323 Impact of the Issue on the Coalition 326 Priority Populations 326 Involving the Priority Population in the Work 327 An Asset-Based Approach to Community Assessments 328 Benefits and Challenges of Conducting Assessments 330 Conducting the Assessment 331 Determining the Assessment's Purpose and Scope 332 Defining the Assessment's Goals and Objectives 332 Selecting the Approach and Methods for Collecting Data 332 Designing and Pilot-Testing the Instruments and Procedures 347 Preparing a Timeline and Budget 348 Collecting the Data 348 Analyzing the Data 348 Preparing and Disseminating the Findings 349 Evaluating the Assessment's Merit and Worth 351 Coalitions and Assessments: Issues and Lessons Learned 351 Coalition Spotlight: Community Assessment with the Metropolitan Boston Haitian HIV Prevention Coalition 352 Summary 352 Questions for Review 353 Resources 353 12 Coalitions and Planning 356 Public Health Planning Models 357 Getting To Outcomes: Methods and Tools for Planning, Evaluation and Accountability (GTO) 359 The Strategic Planning Process 361 Evaluating Strategic and Action Plans and the Planning Process 371 Coalition Spotlight: Strategic Planning with the Decade of Hope Coalition in Dulce, New Mexico 379 Summary 389 Questions for Review 390 Resources 390 13 Coalition Activities and Interventions 391 Phases of Program Implementation 392 Selecting and Implementing Projects 392 The Project Team 394 Assessing Promising Practices and Interventions 395 Characteristics of Successful Interventions 399 Implementing Community-Based Strategies 401 Levels of Intervention 401 Replicating Community-Based Strategies 402 Types of Intervention Strategies 403 Social Marketing 407 Essential Elements of Social Marketing 407 Features of Social Marketing 408 Creating a Social Marketing Plan 409 Media Advocacy 411 How Does Media Advocacy Work? 412 Media Advocacy Strategies 413 Interview Basics 416 Developing an Advocacy Strategy 417 The Advocacy Team 418 Coalition Spotlight: Media Advocacy with Los Angeles County Alcohol, Tobacco, and Drug Policy Coalition 419 Legal and Ethical Issues in Community Interventions 421 Liability 422 Confidentiality 422 Informed Consent 423 Disclosure 424 Competence 424 Conflict of Interest 424 Coalition Spotlight: Comprehensive Community Interventions-Injury Free Coalition for Kids of Philadelphia 425 Summary 426 Questions for Review 427 Resources 428 Examples of Social Marketing Campaigns 428 Other Social Marketing and Media Advocacy Resources 428 Ethics Websites 431 14 Evaluating Coalitions and Partnerships 433 Evaluation Paradigms 435 Coalition Evaluation: Promoting Self-Reflection and Improvement 436 Key Concepts and Levels of Coalition Evaluation 437 Key Terms of Coalition Evaluation 438 Ecological Levels of Outcomes 439 Levels of Coalition Evaluation 440 Evaluation Frameworks and Models 442 Kansas University Work Group's Framework for Participatory Evaluation of Community Initiatives 443 CDC's Framework for Program Evaluation in Public Health 444 The Kellogg Foundation's Steps to Program Evaluation 446 Evaluation Steps 447 Coalition Measures 470 Level 1. Measures of Coalition Infrastructure, Function, and Processes 470 Level 2. Measures of Coalition Programs and Interventions 474 Level 3. Measures of Health Status and Community Change Outcomes 475 Coalition Evaluation Instruments 476 Challenges of Evaluating Community-Based Initiatives 486 The Challenges of Coalition Evaluation 487 Solving the Coalition Evaluation Dilemma 490 Coalition Spotlight: The California Coalition for Childhood Immunization 492 Summary 493 Questions for Review 493 Resources 494 General Evaluation Instruments 494 Other Resources 497 15 Coalitions and Partnerships: Their Promise and Future 501 Reflections on the Power of Working in Partnership 501 Lessons Learned from Coalition Evaluations 502 Summing Up: Factors That Promote Coalition Success 505 Implications and Future Research 507 References 511 Name Index 553 Subject Index 561

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