Services and employment : explaining the U.S.-European gap

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書誌事項

Services and employment : explaining the U.S.-European gap

edited by Mary Gregory, Wiemer Salverda, and Ronald Schettkat

Princeton University Press, c2007

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注記

Includes bibliographical references (p. [231]-240) and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

Why is Europe's employment rate almost 10 percent lower than that of the United States? This "jobs gap" has typically been blamed on the rigidity of European labor markets. But in Services and Employment, an international group of leading labor economists suggests quite a different explanation. Drawing on the findings of a two-year research project that examined data from France, Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States, these economists argue that Europe's 25 million "missing" jobs can be attributed almost entirely to its relative lack of service jobs. The jobs gap is actually a services gap. But, Services and Employment asks, why does the United States consume services at such a greater rate than Europe? Services and Employment is the first systematic and comprehensive international comparison on the subject. Mary Gregory, Wiemer Salverda, Ronald Schettkat, and their fellow contributors consider the possible role played by differences in how certain services--particularly health care and education--are provided in Europe and the United States. They examine arguments that Americans consume more services because of their higher incomes and that American households outsource more domestic work. The contributors also ask whether differences between U.S. and European service sectors encapsulate fundamental trans-Atlantic differences in lifestyle choices. In addition to the editors, the contributors include Victor Fuchs, William Baumol, Giovanni Russo, Adriaan Kalwij, Stephen Machin, Andrew Glyn, Joachin Moller, John Schmitt, Michel Sollogoub, Robert Gordon, and Richard Freeman.

目次

Preface vii Contributors ix Introduction by Mary Gregory, Wiemer Salverda, and Ronald Schettkat 1 Chapter 1: The U.S.-European Gap in Service Employment and Demand: The Research Agenda by Wiemer Salverda and Ronald Schettkat 15 Chapter 2: Reflections on the Rise of Service Sector Employment by Victor R. Fuchs 42 Chapter 3: On Mechanisms Underlying the Growing Share of Service Employment in the Industrialized Economies by William J. Baumol 63 Chapter 4: Do Demand Differences Cause the U.S.-European Employment Gap? by Mary Gregory and Giovanni Russo 81 Chapter 5: Comparative Service Consumption in Six Countries by Adriaan S. Kalwij and Stephen Machin with Laura Blow, Marijke van Deelen, Francois Gardes, Maria-Jose Luengo-Prado, Javier Ruiz-Castillo, John Schmitt, and Christophe Starzec 109 Chapter 6: Employment Differences in Distribution: Wages, Productivity, and Demand by Andrew Glyn, Joachim Moller, Wiemer Salverda, John Schmitt, and Michel Sollogoub 141 Chapter 7: Why Was Europe Left at the Station When America's Productivity Locomotive Departed? by Robert J. Gordon 176 Chapter 8: Can Marketization of Household Production Explain the Jobs Gap Puzzle? by Richard B. Freeman 198 Chapter 9: Service Included? Services and the U.S.-European Employment Gap by Mary Gregory, Wiemer Salverda, and Ronald Schettkat 217 Bibliography 231 List of DEMPATEM Working Papers 241 Index 243

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