"Pedlar in divinity" : George Whitefield and the transatlantic revivals 1737-1770

著者

    • Lambert, Frank

書誌事項

"Pedlar in divinity" : George Whitefield and the transatlantic revivals 1737-1770

Frank Lambert

Princeton University Press, 2003

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注記

Originally published: 1993

Includes index

"Second printing, and first paperback printing, 2003"--t.p. verso

内容説明・目次

内容説明

A pioneer in the commercialization of religion, George Whitefield (1714-1770) is seen by many as the most powerful leader of the Great Awakening in America: through his passionate ministry he united local religious revivals into a national movement before there was a nation. An itinerant British preacher who spent much of his adult life in the American colonies, Whitefield was an immensely popular speaker. Crossing national boundaries and ignoring ecclesiastical controls, he preached outdoors or in public houses and guild halls. In London, crowds of more than thirty thousand gathered to hear him, and his audiences exceeded twenty thousand in Philadelphia and Boston. In this fresh interpretation of Whitefield and his age, Frank Lambert focuses not so much on the evangelist's oratorical skills as on the marketing techniques that he borrowed from his contemporaries in the commercial world. What emerges is a fascinating account of the birth of consumer culture in the eighteenth century, especially the new advertising methods available to those selling goods and services--or salvation. Whitefield faced a problem similar to that of the new Atlantic merchants: how to reach an ever-expanding audience of anonymous strangers, most of whom he would never see face-to-face. To contact this mass "congregation," Whitefield exploited popular print, especially newspapers. In addition, he turned to a technique later imitated by other evangelists such as Dwight L. Moody, Billy Sunday, and Billy Graham: the deployment of advance publicity teams to advertise his coming presentations. Immersed in commerce themselves, Whitefield's auditors appropriated him as a well-publicized English import. He preached against the excesses and luxuries of the spreading consumer society, but he drew heavily on the new commercialism to explain his mission to himself and to his transatlantic audience.

目次

List of llustrations Acknowledgments Introduction Ch. 1 Eighteenth-Century Transformations: Whitefield's New Birth and the Consumer Revolution 11 Ch. 2 Whitefield's Adaptation of Commercial Strategies 52 Ch. 3 Creating an Intercolonial Revival 95 Ch. 4 Interpreting the New Birth: Audience Response 134 Ch. 5 Debating the Great Awakening in a Religious Public Sphere 169 Ch. 6 The Americanization of Whitefield 198 Epilogue. Legacies 226 Index 233

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