CiNii Books - The Scots in South Africa : ethnicity, identity, gender and race, 1772-1914

The description of South Africa as a 'rainbow nation' has always been taken to embrace the black, brown and white peoples who constitute its population. But each of these groups can be sub-divided and in the white case, the Scots have made one of the most distinctive contributions to the country's history. The Scots, as in North America and Australasia, constituted an important element in the patterns of White settlement. They were already present in the area of Dutch East India Company rule and, after the first British occupation of the Cape in 1795, their numbers rose dramatically. They were exceptionally active in such areas as exploration, botanical and scientific endeavour, military campaigns, the emergence of Christian missions, Western education, intellectual institutions, the professions as well as enterprise and technical developments, business, commerce and journalism. This book is the first full-length study of their role from the eighteenth to twentieth centuries. It highlights the interaction of Scots with African peoples, the manner in which missions and schools were credited with producing 'Black Scotsmen' and the ways in which they pursued many distinctive policies. It also deals with the inter weaving of issues of gender, class and race as well as with the means by which Scots clung to their ethnicity through founding various social and cultural societies. This book offers a major contribution to both Scottish and South African history and in the process illuminates a significant field of the Scottish Diaspora that has so far received little attention. -- .

Table of Contents

CONTENTS Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations 1. Introduction: Imperialism and Identities Scots and empire Scottish identity, Scotland and southern Africa 2. The Scots Presence at the Cape The travelling Scot Prominent Scots in the British Occupations The Moodie Settlement The 1820 Settlement 3. Radicals, Evangelicals, the Scottish Enlightenment and Cape Colonial Autocracy How many Scots? Somerset and the 'Scotch Independents' Greig and the Dissemination of the Press Reform and Emancipation Fairbairn: commerce, finance and education Representative Government Intellectual and Scientific Institutions Conclusion 4. Scots Missions and the Frontier The Military Frontier The Missionary Frontier Scots Missionaries: Politics, Land and War Mission Education: the Lovedale and Blythswood Institutions Lovedale and Medical Mission African Ministers Scots Women on the Frontier Natal and the Gordon Memorial Mission Conclusion 5. Continuing Migration to Natal, Cape and Transvaal Migration to Natal Byrne and other settlements Success Stories Ne'er Do Wells Women and entrepreneurship White Population and Later Settlements Immigration to the Cape New Scotland South Africa and the Migration Boom 6. Professionals: the Church and Education The Church: Dutch Reformed The Church: Presbyterian Education: Schools Higher Education 7. The Professionals: the Environment, Medicine, Business, and Radicals Scots and the Environment Medicine Business Radicals 8. Maintaining Scots Identity Caledonian and other Scottish Societies The South African Scot The South African 'Scottish' Regiments Scotland and South African 'Scottishness' 9. Conclusion -- .

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The Scots in South Africa : ethnicity, identity, gender and race, 1772-1914

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