CiNii 図書 - Fundamental toxicology

Fundamental Toxicology is a concise and comprehensive review of toxicology. It is based on the highly successful Fundamental Toxicology for Chemists and has been enriched and expanded. Every chapter in this new edition has been revised and updated, and four new chapters have been added. With contributions from internationally recognised experts in their field, this broad-based introduction to the topic covers both well-established and rapidly developing areas of toxicology, such as toxicogenomics, reproductive toxicology, behavioural toxicology and ecotoxicology. The book was written and published with the support of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). The book includes new information on: risk assessment and risk management; toxicogenomics; effects of toxic substances on the human body; environmental distribution of chemicals and ecotoxicology; clinical toxicology; pharmaceutical toxicology; and aspects of laboratory measurement and safe laboratory practice. Fundamental Toxicology is ideal for students and includes extensive pedagogical features, such as an extensive glossary, a bibliography after each chapter and recommended further reading. It is also designed for teachers and lecturers, especially those who may be teaching toxicology for the first time. Included is a suggested curriculum for using the text to teach toxicology to students from various scientific disciplines. Professionals working in toxicology and related fields will find this an invaluable guide.

Chapter 1: Introduction to Toxicology
1.1: Introduction
1.2: Exposure to Potentially Toxic Substances
1.3: Adverse Effects
1.5: Tolerance and Resistance
1.6: Toxicity Testing
1.7: Epidemiology and Human Toxicology
1.8: Bibliography
Chapter 2: Introduction to Toxicodynamics
2.1: Introduction
2.2: Dose-Toxicity Relationships
2.3: Toxicity Testing and Health Risk
2.4: Bibliography
Chapter 3: Toxicokinetics
3.1: Introduction
3.2: Absorption
3.3: Distribution
3.4: Elimination
3.5: Chronic Administration
3.6: Saturation Kinetics
3.7: Toxicokinetics and Risk Assessment
3.8: Conclusions
3.9: Bibliography
Chapter 4: Data Interpretation
4.1: Introduction
4.2: Risk Analysis and Risk Mangement
4.3: Data Retrieval
4.4: Types of Data
4.5: Handling Quantitative Data Using Statistical Analysis
4.6: Evaluation of Experimental Data
4.7: Errors and Faults in Data Interpretation
4.8: Conclusion
4.9: Bibliography
Chapter 5: Risk Assessment
5.1: Introduction
5.2: Definitions
5.3: Process of Risk Assessment
5.4: Hazard Identification and Characterisation
5.5: Risk Characterisation
5.6: Conclusions
5.7: Bibliography
Chapter 6: Risk Management
6.1: Introduction
6.2: The Risk Evaluation and Management Process
6.3: Risk Considerations
6.4: Criteria for Risk Evaluations: Human Health
6.5: Criteria for Risk Evaluation: Environment
6.6: Tolerable Risk
6.7: Criteria for Risk Evaluation: Further Comments
6.8: Risk Management
6.9: Conclusions
6.10: Bibliography
Chapter 7: Exposure and Monitoring
7.1: Introduction
7.2: General Principles
7.3: Criteria for a Monitoring Programme
7.4: Biomarkers and Sensitivity Screening
7.5: Ethical Consideration
7.6: Bibliography
Chapter 8: Risk Management
8.1: Introduction
8.2: Structure of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
8.3: Types of Genetic Damage
8.4: Repair of Damaged DNA
8.5: Chromosomal
8.6: Transmissible Human Genetic Damage
8.7: Tests for Genetic Toxicity
8.8: Conclusion
8.9: Bibliography
Chapter 9: Carcinogenicity
9.1: Introduction
9.2: Mechanisms of Carcinogenicity
9.3: Tests for Carcinogens
9.4: Epidemiology
9.5: Conclusions
9.6: Bibliography
Chapter 10: Introduction to Toxicogenomics
10.1: Introduction
10.2: Microarray Technology
10.3: Proteomics
10.4: Metabonomics Overview
10.5: Conclusion
10.6: Bibliography
Chapter 11: Reproductive Toxicology
11.1: Introduction
11.2: Risk Assessment for Reproductive Toxicity
11.3: Thresholds in Reproductive Toxicology
11.4: Screening Tests in Animals for Reproductive Toxicity
11.5: Extrapolation of Results of Animal Studies to Humans
11.6: The European Community Classification of Chemicals for Reproductive Toxicity
11.7: The 7th Amendment to EC Directive 67/548/EEC 1992
11.8: Classification of Chemicals as Toxic for Reproduction
11.9: Categorisation
11.10: Lactation
11.11: Testing Requirements under the Dangerous Substances Directive
11.12: Downstream Consequences Relating to the Classification of Chemicals (CMR Substances)
11.13: Bibliography
Chapter 12: Immunology and Immunotoxicology
12.1: Introduction
12.2: Innate Immunity
12.3: Adaptive Immunity
12.4: Humoral Immunity
12.5: Cell Mediated Immunity
12.6: Delayed Type Hypersensitivity
12.7: Complement
12.8: Hypersensitivity
12.9: Immunodeficiency
12.10: Autoimmunity
12.11: Transplantation
12.12: Vaccination
12.13: Immunotoxicity
12.14: Bibliography
Chapter 13: Skin Toxicity
13.1: Introduction
13.2: Skin Anatomy
13.3: Permeation
13.4: Potency
13.5: Dermal Toxicology
13.6: Dermatitis
13.7: Toxin Accumulation, Metabolism and Transport
13.8: Chemical Carcinogenesis
13.9: Ultraviolet Radiation
13.10: Enzymes
13.11: Peroxisomes
13.12: Conclusions
13.13: Bibliography
Chapter 14: Respiratory Toxicology
14.1: Introduction
14.2: Structure and Function
14.3: Exposure of the Lung to Toxicants
14.4: The Frequency of Occupational Lung Damage
14.5: Asthma and Other Toxic Effects on the Airways
14.6: Interstitial Lung Disease
14.7: Lung Cancer
14.8: The Lung as a Portal of Entry and Elimination
14.9: Clinical Evaluation
14.10: Conclusions
14.11: Bibliography
Chapter 15: Hepatotoxicity
15.1: Introduction
15.2: The Anatomy of the Liver
15.3: Mechanisms of Cellular Injury
15.4: Patterns of Response to Injury in the Liver
15.5: Detection of Liver Damage
15.6: Clinical Problems Resulting from Liver Damage
15.7: Bibliography
Chapter 16: Nephrotoxicity
16.1: Introduction
16.2: Physiology
16.3: Hormone Effects
16.4: Handling Toxins
16.5: Toxic Nephropathies
16.6: Metal Toxicology
16.7: Organic Solvents
16.8: Mycotoxins
16.9: Pesticides
16.10: Antineoplastic Drugs
16.11: Renal Carcinogens
16.12: Bibliography
Chapter 17: Neurotoxicity
17.1: Introduction
17.2: The Nervous System
17.3: The Blood Brain Barrier
17.4: Special Features of the Nervous System
17.5: Toxicology of the Nervous System
17.6: Mechanisms of Reproduction of Neuronal Lesions
17.7: Bibliography
Chapter 18: Behavioural Toxicology
18.1: Introduction
18.2: Animal Approach to Behavioural Toxicology
18.3: Models Based on Negative Reinforcement
18.4: Models based on Positive Reinforcement
18.5: Summary and conclusions for Animal Models
18.6: The Human Approach to Behavioural Toxicology
18.7: Field Studies: Occupational Exposure
18.8: Field Studies: Environmental Exposure
18.9: Conclusions
18.10: Bibliography
Chapter 19: Pathways and Behaviour of Chemicals in the Environment
19.1: Introduction
19.2: Concepts for Environmental Exposure Assessment
19.3: Human and Veterinary Medicines in the Environment
19.4: Bibliography
Chapter 20: Ecotoxicity - Effects of Toxicants on Ecosystems
20.1: Introduction
20.2: Understanding How Ecosystems Work
20.3: Effects of Human Activities on Ecosystems
20.4: Measurement of Toxic Effects on Organisms and Ecosystems
20.5: Conclusion
20.6: Bibliography
Chapter 21: Radionuclides
21.1: Introduction
21.2: Types of Ionising Radiation
21.3: Radionuclides
21.4: The Unit of Radioactivity
21.5: Interaction of Radiation with Matter
21.6: Biological Effects of Ionising Radiation
21.7: Units of Radiation Dose
21.8: Effects of Radiation in Man
21.9: Routes of Exposure
21.10: Metabolism of Radionuclides
21.11: Some Examples of Radionuclide Metabolism
21.12: Bibliography
Chapter 22: Biocides and Pesticides
22.1: Introduction
22.2: Organochlorine Insecticides
22.3: Organophosphates and Carbamates
22.4: Nicotinoid Insecticides
22.5: Pyrethroid Insecticides
22.6: Other pesticides
22.7: Pesticide Residues in Food and Drinking Water
22.8: Pesticide Exposure in the Occupational Setting
22.9: Exposure assessment
22.10: Risk Assessment and Risk Management
22.11: Susceptible and Vulnerable Groups
22.12: Conclusion
22.13: Bibliography
Chapter 23: Toxicology in the Clinical Laboratory
23.1: Introduction
23.2: Specimen Collection for Toxicological Analysis
23.3: Choice of Laboratory Techniques
23.4: Biochemical and Haematological investigation in the Investigation of Poisoning
23.5: Substances of Clinical or Medico-Legal Interest
23.6: Miscellaneous Drugs
23.7: Bibliography
Chapter 24: Pharmaceutical Toxicology
24.1: Introduction
24.2: Specimen Collection and Application to Laboratory Techniques
24.3: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
24.4: Selected Pharmaceuticals and Their Clinical Use
24.5: Anaesthetic Agents
24.6: Antibiotic Agents
24.7: Anticonvulsants
24.8: Antihistamines
24.9: Antimalerials
24.10: Barbiturates
24.11: Benzodiazepines and Other Hypnotics
24.12: Cardiovascular Agents (Heart and Circulation)
24.13: Cytotoxic/Anticancer Drugs
24.14: Immunosuppressant Agents
24.15: Insulin and Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents
24.16: Lipid Lowering Drugs
24.17: Lithium Salts
24.18: Antipsychotic Drugs (Neuroleptics)
24.19: Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
24.20: Opioid Analgesics
24.21: Paracetamol, Aspirin and Other Non-opioid Analgesics
24.22: Antidepressants
24.23 Bibliography
Chapter 25: Safe Handling of Chemicals
25.1: Introduction
25.2: Legislation
25.3: Toxicological Reaction
25.4: Good Laboratory Practice
25.5: Health and Safety
25.6: Post Incident Procedures
25.7: Protocols and Procedures
25.8: Bibliography

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