Rhythms in plants : phenomenology, mechanisms, and adaptive significance
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書誌事項
Rhythms in plants : phenomenology, mechanisms, and adaptive significance
Springer, c2007
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Rhythmic behaviour is quintessential to life itself. Advances in plant molecular biology, micro/nanotechnology and applied mathematics provide new tools for understanding how environmental signals and internal clocks regulate rhythmic gene expression and development, and how these signals are translated into physiological responses at various levels of structural organisation. This book reviews recent progress in assessing underlying mechanisms controlling plant circadian and ultradian oscillations, and their physiological implications for growth, development, and adaptive responses to the environment. It focuses on mechanisms and theoretical concepts at the level of the cell to the entire plant. Written by a diverse group of leading researchers, it will surely spark the interest of readers from many branches of science: from physicists and chemists wishing to learn about multi-faceted rhythms in plant biology, to biologists dealing with state-of-the-art modelling of such rhythmic phenomena.
目次
Part 1 Physiological Implications of Oscillatory Processes in Plants 1 Rhythmic Leaf Movements: Physiological and Molecular Aspects Nava Moran Abstract 1.1 Introduction 1.1.1 Historical Perspective 1.1.2 The Types of Leaf Movements 1.2 The Mechanism of Leaf Movement: the Osmotic Motor 1.2.1 Volume Changes 1.2.2 The Ionic Basis for the Osmotic Motor 1.2.3 Plasma Membrane Transporters 1.2.4 Tonoplast Transporters 1.3 Mechanisms of Regulation 1.3.1 Regulation by Protein Modification - Phosphorylation 1.3.2 The Perception of Light 1.3.3 Intermediate Steps 1.3.4 Regulation by Other Effectors 1.4 Unanswered Questions 1.4.1 Acute, Fast Signalling 1.4.2 The Clock Input and Output References 2 The Pollen Tube Oscillator: Integrating Biophysics and Biochemistry into Cellular Growth and Morphogenesis Nuno Moreno, Renato Colaco and Jose A. Feijo Abstract 2.1 Finding Stability in Instability 2.2 Why Pollen Tubes? 2.3 Growth Oscillations: Trembling with Anticipation? 2.4 Under Pressure 2.5 Another Brick in the Cell Wall 2.6 Cytosolic Approaches to Oscillations: the Ions Within 2.7 On the Outside: Ions and Fluxes 2.8 Actin Cytoskeleton: Pushing it to the Limit 2.9 Membrane Trafficking and Signalling on the Road 2.10 Conclusions References 3 Ultradian Growth Oscillations in Organs: Physiological Signal or Noise? Tobias L. Baskin Abstract 3.1 Introduction 3.1.1 Oscillations as Window into Growth 3.1.2 Growth Versus Movement 3.2 Circumnutation: Growing Around in Circles? 3.3 In Search of Ultradian Growth Oscillations 3.4 The Power of Bending in Plants 3.5 Conclusion and Perspectives References 4 Nutation in Plants Sergio Mugnai, Elisa Azzarello, Elisa Masi, Camilla Pandolfi and Stefano Mancuso Abstract 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Theories and Models for Circumnutation 4.2.1 'Internal Oscillator' Model 4.2.2 'Gravitropic Overshoot' Model 4.2.3 The 'Mediating' Model 4.3 Root Circumnutation References Part 2 Stomata Oscillations 5 Oscillations in Plant Transpiration Anders Johnsson Abstract 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Models for Rhythmic Water Transpiration 5.2.1 Overall Description - "Lumped" Model 5.2.2 Overall Description - "Composed" Models 5.2.3 Self-Sustained Guard Cell Oscillations - (Ca2+)cyt Oscillations 5.2.4 Water Channels 5.2.5 Comments on Modelling Transpiration Rhythms 5.3 Basic Experimental Methods Used 5.4 Experimental Findings on Transpiration Oscillations 5.4.1 Occurrence of Transpiration Rhythms: Period of Rhythms 5.4.2 Some Environmental Parameters Influencing Oscillations 5.4.3 Singularities of Transpiration Rhythms: Test of Models 5.5 Ionic Interference with Transpiration Oscillations 5.6 Patchy Water Transpiration from Leaf Surface 5.7 Period Doubling and Bifurcations in Transpiration - a Way to Chaos? 5.8 Conclusions References 6 Membrane Transport and Ca2+ Oscillations in Guard Cells Michael R. Blatt, Carlos Garcia-Mata and Sergei Sokolovski Abstract 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Oscillations and the Membrane Platform 6.3 Elements of Guard Cell Ion Transport 6.4 Ca2+ and Voltage 6.4.1 The Ca2+ Theme 6.4.2 [Ca2+]i Oscillations 6.4.3 Voltage Oscillations 6.4.4 Membrane Voltage and the '[Ca2+]i Cassette' 6.5 Concluding Remarks References 7 Calcium Oscillations in Guard Cell Adaptive Responses to the Environment Martin R. McAinsh Abstract 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Guard Cells and Specificity in Ca2+ Signalling 7.3 Ca2+ Signatures: Encoding Specificity in Ca2+ Signals 7.4.1 Guard Cell Ca2+ Signatures: Correlative Evidence 7.4.2 Guard Cell Ca2+ Signatures: Evidence for a Causal Relationship 7.4.3 Guard Cell Ca2+ Signatures: the Role of Oscillations 7.5 The Ca2+ Sensor Priming Model of Guard Cell Ca2+ Signalling 7.6 Decoding Ca2+ Signatures in Plants 7.7 Challenging Prospects References 8 Circadian Rhythms in Stomata: Physiological and Molecular Aspects Katharine E. Hubbard, Carlos T. Hotta, Michael J. Gardner, Soeng Jin Baek, Neil Dalchau, Suhita Dontamala, Antony N. Dodd and Alex A.R. Webb Abstract 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Mechanisms of Stomatal Movements 8.3 The Circadian Clock 8.4 Circadian Regulation of Stomatal Aperture 8.5 Structure of the Guard Cell Clock 8.6 Mechanisms of Circadian Control of Guard Cell Physiology 8.6.1 Calcium-Dependent Models for Circadian Stomatal Movements 8.6.2 Calcium-Independent Models for Circadian Stomatal Movements 8.7 Circadian Regulation of Sensitivity of Environmental Signals ('Gating') 8.8 Conclusions References Part 3 Rhythms, Clocks and Development 9 How Plants Identify the Season by Using a Circadian Clock Wolfgang Engelmann Abstract 9.1 Introduction and History 9.2 Examples for Photoperiodic Reactions 9.3 Bunning Hypothesis and Critical Tests 9.4 The Circadian Clock and its Entrainment to the Day 9.5 Seasonal Timing of Flower Induction References 10 Rhythmic Stem Extension Growth and Leaf Movements as Markers of Plant Behaviour: the Integral Output from Endogenous and Environmental Signals Johannes Normann, Marco Vervliet-Scheebaum, Jolana T.P. Albrechtova and Edgar Wagner Abstract 10.1 Introduction 10.1.1 Life is Rhythmic 10.1.2 Rhythm Research: Metabolic and Genetic Determination of Rhythmic Behaviour 10.2 Rhythmicity in Chenopodium spp. 10.2.1 Rhythmic Changes in Interorgan Communication of Growth Responses 10.2.2 Local Hydraulic Signalling: the Shoot Apex in Transition 10.2.3 Membrane Potential as the Basis for Hydro-Electrochemical Signalling, Interorgan Communication and Metabolic Control 10.3 Conclusions and Perspectives: Rhythms in Energy Metabolism as Determinants for Rhythmic Growth and Leaf Movements References 11 Oscillations and Plant Morphogenesis Peter W. Barlow and Jacqueline Luck Abstract 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Developmental Theories and Their Application to Rhythmic Morphogenesis 11.3 Rhythmic Patterns of Cellular Development Within Cell Files 11.4 Organogenetic Rhythms 11.4.1 Angiosperm Shoot Apices and Their Phyllotaxies 11.4.2 The Plastochron 11.4.3 A Petri Net Representation of the Plastochron 11.4.4 Rhythms of Cell Determination and the Plastochron 11.5 The Cycle of Life 11.6 A Glimpse of Cell Biology and Morphogenetic Rhythms References 12 Molecular Aspects of the Arabidopsis Circadian Clock Tracey Ann Cuin Abstract 12.1 Introduction 12.1.1 Defining Features of Circadian Rhythms 12.1.2 Overview of the Circadian System in Arabidopsis 12.2 Entrainment - Inputs to the Clock 12.2.1 Light 12.2.2 Pathways to the Central Oscillator 12.2.3 Negative Regulation of Photoentrainment 12.2.4 Temperature Entrainment 12.3 The Central Oscillator 12.3.1 The CCA1/LHY-TOC1 Model for the Arabidopsis Central Oscillator 12.3.2 Is There more than One Oscillator Within Plants? 12.3.3 Regulation of the Circadian Oscillator 12.4 Outputs of the Circadian System 12.5 Concluding Remarks References Part 4 Theoretical Aspects of Rhythmical Plant Behaviour 13 Rhythms, Clocks and Deterministic Chaos in Unicellular Organisms David Lloyd Abstract 13.1 Time in Biology 13.2 Circadian Rhythms 13.2.1 Circadian Timekeeping in Unicellular Organisms 13.2.2 Cyanobacterial Circadian Rhythms 13.3 Ultradian Rhythms: the 40-Min Clock in Yeast 13.4 Oscillatory Behaviour During the Cell Division Cycles of Lower Organisms 13.5 Ultradian Gating of the Cell Division Cycle 13.5.1 Experimental Systems 13.5.2 The Model 13.5.3 Computer Simulations 13.6 Chaos in Biochemistry and Physiology 13.7 Functions of Rhythms 13.8 Biological Functions of Chaotic Performance 13.9 Evolution of Rhythmic Performance References 14 Modelling Ca2+ Oscillations in Plants Gerald Schonknecht and Claudia Bauer Abstract 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Developing a Mathematical Model 14.3 Discussion of the Model References 15 Noise-Induced Phenomena and Complex Rhythms: Theoretical Considerations, Modelling and Experimental Evidence Marc-Thorsten Hutt and Ulrich Luttge Abstract 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Case Study I - Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) 15.3 Case Study II - Stomatal Patterns 15.4 Experimental Observations of Complex Rhythms in Plants 15.5 A Path Towards Systems Biology References 16 Modeling Oscillations of Membrane Potential Difference Mary Jane Beilby Abstract 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Single Transporter Oscillations 16.2.1 Proton Pump and the Background State in Charophytes 16.2.2 Putative K+ Pump and the Background State in Ventricaria ventricosa 16.3 Two Transporter Interaction 16.3.1 Proton Pump and the Background State in Hypertonic Regulation in Lamprothamnium spp. 16.3.2 Interaction of the Proton Pump and the Proton Channel in Chara spp. 16.4 Multiple Transporter Interaction 16.4.1 Hypotonic Regulation in Salt-Tolerant Charophytes 16.4.2 Repetitive Action Potentials in Salt-Sensitive Charophytes in High Salinity 16.5 Conclusions References Subject Index
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