Denmark and the Crusades, 1400-1650

著者

    • Jensen, Janus Møller

書誌事項

Denmark and the Crusades, 1400-1650

by Janus Møller Jensen

(The northern world : North Europe and the Baltic c. 400-1700 A.D. : peoples, economies and cultures, v. 30)

Brill, 2007

  • : hbk. : alk. paper

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注記

Revision of the author's thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Southern Denmark, 2005

Includes bibliographical references (p. [353]-388) and index

HTTP:URL=http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0711/2007060889.html Information=Table of contents only

内容説明・目次

内容説明

This first full-length study of the role of crusading in late-medieval and early modern Denmark from about 1400 to 1650 offers new perspectives to international crusade studies. The first part of the book proves that crusading had a tremendous impact on political and religious life in Scandinavia all through the Middle Ages. Danish kings argued in the fifteenth century that they had their own northern crusade frontier, which stretched across Scandinavia from Russia in the east well into the North Atlantic and Greenland in the west. A series of expeditions in the North Atlantic were considered to be crusades aimed at re-conquering Greenland as a stepping stone towards India and the realm of Prester John, which was argued to be originally Danish, adding a much neglected corner to the expansion of Christendom in this period. The second part shows that the impact of crusading continued long after the Reformation ostensibly should have put an end to its viability within Protestant Denmark.

目次

List of Illustrations .. ix List of Maps .. xi Preface .. xvii Introduction .. 1 Crusade Historiography in Denmark .. 2 The Golden Age .. 5 New Trends .. 9 International Crusade Historiography .. 13 Denmark in the Late Middle Ages and the Early Modern Period .. 24 PART ONE: CRUSADES AT THE ENDS OF THE EARTH, 1400-1523 Chapter One: Kalmar Union and the Crusade, 1397-1523 .. 35 Denmark and the Crusade in the Fourteenth Century .. 35 Valdemar IV and the Crusade .. 39 Crusades and Herrings .. 46 Crusades in Scandinavia 1400-1448 .. 50 Papal Collectors .. 51 The Crusade and the Teutonic Knights .. 54 Crusades against the Hussites .. 56 Denmark and the Hussite Crusades .. 59 Christopher of Bavaria and the Crusade .. 68 Christian I and Crusades against the Turk 1448-1481 .. 70 The Norwegian Problem .. 70 Crusades against the Turks and Peace in the North .. 74 The Fall of Constantinople .. 77 The Northern Frontier .. 82 The Collection of Funds by Marinus de Fregeno .. 92 The Crusade of Pius II .. 96 From Ancona to the Fall of Negroponte 1464-1470 .. 97 Preaching the Crusades .. 104 Spreading the Word .. 111 Crusade Liturgy .. 113 Letters of Indulgence .. 121 Crusading Nuns .. 124 Crusade Literature .. 127 Crusades against the Russians .. 132 King Hans and the Crusade against the Turk .. 148 Christian II and the Crusade: Part I .. 154 Chapter Two: Greenland and the Crusades .. 159 The Forgotten Periphery .. 160 The Skraelings .. 163 The Heathens of the Far North .. 171 Crusade in the Atlantic .. 181 The Southern Front .. 183 The Northern Front .. 185 Danish Crusades to India .. 190 Danish Crusades in India .. 197 Conclusions: The Forgotten Crusades .. 203 PART TWO: CRUSADES AFTER THE REFORMATION Chapter Three: Crusade and Reformation .. 209 Christian II and the Crusade: Part II .. 210 Exile, Protestantism, and the Crusade .. 210 The Last Danish Crusade? .. 219 Martin Luther and the War against the Turk .. 220 Luther and the Turkish Advance .. 222 Secular War and Martyrdom .. 229 Ob Kriegsleute auch in seligem Stande sein koennen? .. 236 The War against the Turks .. 241 The Right Intention .. 251 Apocalyptic Thoughts Concerning the Turk .. 253 Liturgical War against the Turks .. 256 Conclusions .. 262 Chapter Four: Protestant Crusades? .. 267 Christian III and War against the Turks .. 268 Paulus Helie and the Lutheran Turks .. 270 Denmark, Protestantism, and the Crusade .. 272 Spiritual Warfare against the Turks .. 275 Peder Palladius and the Turks .. 277 Protestantism and Religious War, 1559-1648 .. 283 Liturgical Warfare .. 289 The war against the Turks .. 294 The Turks in the North Atlantic .. 296 Pilgrims to the Holy Sepulchre .. 301 Crusade in Literature and Print .. 309 Prince Svend .. 316 The Order of the Armed Arm .. 317 The Knights of Saint John in Scandinavia .. 318 Orders of Chivalry in Denmark .. 321 The Order of the Elephant .. 321 The Legend and the Order of Dannebrog .. 327 Denmark in the Thirty Years' War .. 331 The Lion of the North .. 333 Explanations for Defeat .. 335 Conclusion .. 339 Appendix A .. 349 Illustrations Bibliography .. 353 Manuscript Sources .. 353 Abbreviations .. 353 Literature and Sources .. 355 Index .. 389

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