Criminology

著者

• Conklin, John E.

書誌事項

Criminology

John E. Conklin

Pearson Allyn and Bacon, c2007

9th ed

注記

Includes bibliographical references (p. 459-497) and indexes

内容説明・目次

内容説明

This successful text thoroughly examines specific crimes and criminals and gives students the tools to analyze criminal behavior. Conklin's Criminology looks at crime in a broad context, examining socioeconomic sources of crime and the organization of criminal activity. This distinctive approach offers students a uniquely broad-based perspective and advances the overall understanding of crime. This new edition includes up-to-date and topical material - e.g. the motives of suicide bombers and looting after the 2004 tsunami - to engage students and demonstrate the relevance of criminology in contemporary society.

目次

Feature Boxes Preface Author Biography 1 The Study of Crime The Nature of Crime and Delinquency The Characteristics of Crime Juvenile Delinquency Social Origins of the Criminal Law Historical Perspectives Theoretical Perspectives Strategies of Criminological Research Comparative and Historical Research Biographies Patterns of Crime The Cohort Study Surveys Other Strategies of Criminological Research Summary Important Terms Review Questions For Further Study 2 Measuring Crime The Emergence of Modern Criminology Classical Criminology Cartography Positivism Official Crime Statistics History of Crime Statistics in the United States FBI Crime Statistics Crime Rates Gathering Crime Statistics Using FBI Data for Criminological Research Measuring Criminal Victimization History of Victimization Surveys Comparing NCVS and FBI Data The Dark Figure Methodological Problems with Victimization Surveys Measuring Crime by Self-Reports History of Self-Report Studies The Dark Figure Methodological Problems with Self-Report Studies Summary Important Terms Review Questions For Further Study 3 Crime and Its Costs Conventional Crimes Crimes of Violence Property Crimes White-Collar Crime Is White-Collar Crime Different? The Costs of White-Collar Crime Organized Crime The Costs of Organized Crime Victimless Crimes Drug Use Gambling Prostitution Summary Important Terms Review Questions For Further Study 4 Dimensions of Crime Cross-National Variations in Crime Rates Regional Variations in Crime Rates within the United States Variations in Crime Rates by Community Crime within Metropolitan Areas Migration and Crime Temporal Variations in Crime Rates Seasonal Variations in Crime Rates Annual Trends in Crime Rates Variations in Crime Rates by Sex Sex and Juvenile Delinquency Sex and Crime Sex and Victimization Variations in Crime Rates by Age Age-Specific Arrest Rates Age Distribution and Crime Rates Age and Victimization Variations in Crime Rates by Race Race, Arrest Statistics, and Self-Report Studies Race, Crime, and Background Variables Race and Victimization Variations in Crime Rates by Social Class Social Class and Adult Crime Social Class and Juvenile Delinquency Methodological Problems Social Class and Victimization Summary Important Terms Review Questions For Further Study 5 Biological and Psychological Explanations of Crime Biological Explanations of Crime History of the Biological Perspective on Crime Modern Biological Research on Crime Biology and Modern Criminology Psychological Explanations of Crime Intelligence and Crime Personality Characteristics Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders Psychology and Variations in Crime Rates Psychology and the Criminal Law Summary Important Terms Review Questions For Further Study 6 Social, Cultural, and Economic Sources of Crime Social, Cultural, and Economic Sources of White-Collar Crime Free Enterprise: Profits and Competition Market Structure and Crime Trust and Credit Corporations and Crime Development of New Technology Social, Cultural, and Economic Sources of Organized Crime Prohibition and Organized Crime Organized Crime after Prohibition Organized Crime and the Economic System Social, Cultural, and Economic Sources of Conventional Crime Modernization, Globalization, and Crime Opportunity and the Economy Unemployment and Crime Relative Deprivation and Crime Anomie, Strain, and Crime Differential Opportunity and Delinquency Social Class, Values, and Delinquency The Subculture of Violence Gender, Crime, and Feminist Criminology The Generalizability Problem The Gender Ratio Problem Gender Socialization Doing Gender Power-Control Theory Women as Victims, Women as Resisters Social, Cultural, and Economic Factors and Variations in Crime Rates Summary Important Terms Review Questions For Further Study 7 Social Control and Commitment to the Law Neutralizing the Law Drift Delinquent, Dominant, and Subterranean Values Techniques of Neutralization Evidence on Techniques of Neutralization Critique of Neutralization Theory Social Control Theory The Family The School The Peer Group Conventional Lines of Action and Adult Activities Evidence on Social Control Theory Critique of Social Control Theory Techniques of Neutralization, Social Control Theory, and Variations in Crime Rates Summary Important Terms Review Questions For Further Study 8 Learning to Commit Crime Sources of Learning to Commit Crime The Community The Peer Group The General Culture The Media Sports Pornography Correctional Institutions Differential Association Theory Critique of Differential Association Theory Evidence on Differential Association Theory The Labeling Perspective Labeling and Self-Concepts Labeling and Opportunities Labeling and Subcultures Critique of the Labeling Perspective Rewards and Risks of Crime Reward-Risk Models of Criminal Behavior The Rewards and Risks of Crime Critique of Reward-Risk Models Learning Theories and Variations in Crime Rates Summary Important Terms Review Questions For Further Study 9 Opportunities and Facilitating Factors Routine Activities Theory A Critique of Routine Activities Theory Targets of Crime Property Crimes Vulnerability of Victims Victim Precipitation Facilitating Factors: Alcohol, Drugs, and Firearms Alcohol and Crime Drugs and Crime Firearms and Crime Summary Important Terms Review Questions For Further Study 10 Criminal Careers Theoretical Perspectives on Criminal Careers Analyzing Criminal Careers Career Contingencies The Labeling Perspective The "Zigzag Path": Criminal Careers and Legitimate Pursuits Recruitment into a Criminal Career Typologies of Criminal Careers Delinquent Careers Chronic Offenders Patterns of Delinquent Careers Juvenile Delinquency and Adult Criminal Careers Criminal Careers of Robbers Career Patterns Planning Crimes Use of the Stolen Money Intensive and Intermittent Career Criminals Criminal Careers of White-Collar Offenders Leaving a Life of Crime A Model of the Exiting Process Reasons for Leaving a Career as a Professional Thief Reasons for Leaving a Career in Violent Crime Reasons for Leaving a Career as a Drug Dealer or Smuggler Exiting and Theories of Crime Causation Exiting and the Correctional System Summary Important Terms Review Questions For Further Study 11 The Organization of Criminal Behavior The Meaning of Organization Juvenile Gangs The Unorganized Gang The Organized Gang Conventional Crime Professional Theft Drug Smuggling and Dealing Violent Crime Organized Crime The Mafia in the United States New Forms of Organized Crime White-Collar Crime Summary Important Terms Review Questions For Further Study 12 Community Reactions to Crime Fear of Crime Consequences of the Fear of Crime Informal Control of Crime Community and Informal Social Control Defensible Space and Informal Social Control Individual Response to Crime Bystander Responses to Crime Collective Response to Crime A Historical and Comparative Perspective Urban Patrol Groups Neighborhood Watches Community Crime-Prevention Strategies Summary Important Terms Review Questions For Further Study 13 The Criminal Justice System The Police History of the Police Police Abuses of Authority The Clearance Rate Criminal Courts The Bail System Preventive Detention Prosecutors Defense Attorneys Judges Juries Plea Bargaining Probation Sentence Disparity The Prisons History of Prisons The Prison Population Parole The Victim in the Criminal Justice System Compensation Restitution The Changing Role of the Victim Summary Important Terms Review Questions For Further Study 14Deterrence, Incapacitation, Retribution, and Rehabilitation Deterrence Assumptions about Behavior Deterrence and Other Effects of Penalties Deterrence and the Criminal Act Deterrence and the Sanctioning Process Deterrence and the Criminal Justice System Incapacitation Selective Incapacitation Career Criminal Programs "Three Strikes and You're Out" Retribution A System of Just Deserts Retribution and the Criminal Justice System Rehabilitation Rehabilitation and the Criminal Justice System Types of Treatment Does Rehabilitation Work? Reaffirming Rehabilitation Reintegrating the Offender into Society The Future of Rehabilitation Summary Important Terms Review Questions For Further Study 15 Solving the Crime Problem Ideological Approaches to Solving the Crime Problem The Conservative Approach The Liberal Approach The Radical Approach Attitudes toward the Causes and Prevention of Crime The Politics of Crime The President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice The Law Enforcement Assistance Administration The Nixon Administration The Reagan Administration The George H. W. Bush Administration The Clinton Administration The George W. Bush Administration Crime and the Criminal Justice System Overreach of the Criminal Law The Police The Courts The Prisons Situational Crime Prevention Target Hardening Self-Protective Measures Informal Social Control Community Crime Prevention Dealing with the Causes of Crime Economic Factors The Process of Social Change Political Factors Community Ties The Family The School Discrimination Conclusion Summary Important Terms Review Questions For Further Study Glossary Bibliography Name Index Subject Index

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詳細情報

• NII書誌ID(NCID): BA8536738X
• ISBN:
  • 0205464408
• LCCN: 2006003602
• 出版国コード: us
• タイトル言語コード: eng
• 本文言語コード: eng
• 出版地: Boston ; Tokyo
• ページ数/冊数: xi, 516 p.
• 大きさ: 28 cm
• 分類:
  • LCC : HV6025
  • DC22 : 364
• 件名:
  • LCSH : Criminology