Development of commercial wood preservatives : efficacy, environmental, and health issues
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書誌事項
Development of commercial wood preservatives : efficacy, environmental, and health issues
（ACS symposium series, 982）
American Chemical Society, c2008
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and indexes
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Wood products are used extensively in residential construction and other outdoor applications where the wood can be degraded by many different organisms. To prevent degradation, wood products are treated with biocides. Treated wood is a sustainable, low-cost and effective building material which requires relatively little energy to manufacture, and trees sequester carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they grow. Therefore, treated wood is an economical
construction material and provides ecological benefits to society. However, wood preservation has recently undergone dramatic changes worldwide that have been driven by both real and perceived environmental concerns and governmental regulations.
The protection of wood against the many organisms that can degrade it has unique problems. The vector(s) employed must be effective against a wide variety of organisms and must last for the many years expected from treated wood. The worldwide market for wood-preserving biocides at the active supplier level is relatively small so only limited R&D expenditures are justified. Another challenge with wood is that it is a hygroscopic material that swells when wetted and shrinks as it dries,
which leads to undesired dimensional changes that result in lumber in exterior applications splitting or warping over time. Furthermore, the surface of wood exposed to sunlight can photodegrade, and exterior lumber can have surface mold growth if left without maintenance. Therefore, certain species of
wood decking gradually lose their initial attractive appearance and require maintenance over time.
This book gives the many steps involved in developing a new wood preservative, written by international experts, that cover various biocides, efficacy testing, formulation development, biocide depletion, termite control methods, registration and approval processes, existing and potential preservative systems for various applications, and environmental and disposal concerns. In addition, overview chapters cover various aspects of wood deterioration, non-biocidal chemicals and processes to
protect wood, worldwide trends in wood preservation, and mold and mold health issues in homes.
目次
- 1. Introduction to Developing Wood Preservative Systems and Molds in Homes.
- 2. Fungal Decay of Wood: Soft rot - Brown rot - White rot.
- 3. Insects that Infest Seasoned Wood in Structures.
- 4. Molds and Stain Fungi.
- 5. Weathering and Photo-Protection of Wood.
- 6. Regional Biodeterioration Hazards in the United States.
- 7. Concepts in the Development of New Accelerated Test Methods for Wood Decay.
- 8. Evaluating the Durability of Wood-Based Composites.
- 9. Mold Growth in Structures: An Overview.
- 10. The Biology and Microscopy of Building Molds: Medical and Molecular Aspects.
- 11. Molds and Moldicide Formulations for Exterior Paints and Coatings.
- 12. The Changing Landscapes of Mold Litigation.
- 13. Wood Preservative Fungicides.
- 14. Bioactive Compounds to Prevent Insect Degradation of Wood.
- 15. Termite Control from the Perspective of the Termite.
- 16. Improving the Performance of Organic Biocides by Using Economical and Benign Additives.
- 17. Biocide Depletion: Chemical, Physical and Photodegradation.
- 18. The Role of Non-Decay Microorganisms in the Degradation of Organic Wood Preservatives.
- 19. Acetylation of Wood in Lumber Thickness.
- 20. Furfurylation of Wood.
- 21. Wood Protection with DMDHEU and its Derivatives.
- 22. Processes and Properties of Thermally Modified Wood Manufactured in Europe.
- 23. The Process by which a new Wood Preservative System for Residential Exterior Applications is Developed: An Industrial Perspective.
- 24. Wood Preservative Formulation Development and Systems: Organic and Inorganic Based Systems.
- 25. Copper-based Systems for Exterior Residential Applications.
- 26. Borate Wood Preservatives: The Current Landscape.
- 27. In-Process Protection of Wood Composites.
- 28. Organic Preservative Systems for the Protection of Wood Windows and Doors.
- 29. Biological Degradation of Wood-Plastic Composites (WPC) and Strategies for Improving the Resistance of WPC against Biological Decay.
- 30. The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act and Its Impact on the Development of Wood Preservatives.
- 31. AWPA and Building Code Procedures for new Preservative Systems.
- 32. Environmental Regulations and the Wood Preserving Industry.
- 33. DISPOSAL Management of Preservative Treated Wood Products.
- 34. Wood Protection in Europe: Developments Expected up to 2010.
- 35. Wood Preservation Trends in North America.
- 36. Trends in Wood Protection: Asia and Oceania.
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