Language, culture, and communication : the meaning of messages

著者

• Bonvillain, Nancy

書誌事項

Language, culture, and communication : the meaning of messages

Nancy Bonvillain

Pearson Prentice Hall, c2008

5th ed

注記

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

For courses in Language and Culture, and Sociolinguistics Using data from cultures and languages throughout the world to highlight both similarities and differences in human languages-this text explores the many interconnections among language, culture, and communicative meaning. It examines the multi-faceted meanings and uses of language and emphasizes the ways that language encapsulates speakers' meanings and intentions.

目次

Preface ix 1 Introduction 1 References 6 2 The Form of the Message 7 Phonology: The Sounds of Language 7 Phonetics 7 Phonemic Analysis 13 Prosodic Features 15 Morphological: The Structure of Words 17 Morphological Analysis 17 Morphological Typologies 19 Grammatical Concepts 20 Syntax: The Structure of Sentences 23 Semantics: The Analysis of Meaning 27 Manual Language 29 Formation of Signs 29 ASL Vocabulary and Grammar 31 Nonverbal Communication 34 Nonverbal Actions 34 The Meaning of Silence 39 Summary 41 References 41 3 Language and Cultural Meaning 43 Foundations of Linguistic Anthropology 44 A Contemporary Comment 47 Reexamination of Linguistic Relativity 48 Lexical and Cultural Categories 51 Domains 51 Lexical Components 52 Lexical Classifications 54 Ethnoscience 56 Universal Processes: Color Terms 57 Focal Meaning and Prototypes 59 Concepts of Space and Location 60 Cultural Presupposition 65 Extended and Transferred Meaning 68 Metaphor and Metonymy 68 Metaphors of Kinship 70 Metaphors of the Body 72 Summary 76 References 76 4 Contextual Components: Outline of an Ethnography of Communication 79 Ethnography of Communication 79 Settings 82 Participants 83 Terms of Address 84 Pronouns 86 Kinship Terms 88 Honorifics 89 Topics and Goals 92 Speech Acts 94 Narratives 96 Routines 106 Greetings 107 Apologies 109 Summary 111 References 112 5 Communicative Interactions 114 Structural Properties of Conversation 114 Conversational Postulates 119 Directives 122 Directives and Responses in Context 126 Telephone Conversation 127 Politeness 133 Theories of Politeness 133 Politeness in Japanese 140 Summary 143 References 144 6 Societal Segmentation and Linguistic Variation: Class and Race 146 Social Stratification 147 Caste 147 Class 148 Class and Network 149 New York City150 Norwich, England156 Parisand Rouen, France 157 Maaseik, Belgium159 Class-Based Codes 161 Race 164 African-American English in the United States 164 The Structure of African-American Vernacular English 165 Settings and Contexts 169 The Ebonics Controversy 177 Afro-Caribbean Speakers in Great Britain 179 Summary 183 References 184 7 Language and Gender: English and English Speakers 186 Pronunciation 188 Phonological Variants 188 Intonation 193 Grammatical Variants 194 Choices of Vocabulary 198 Gender-Related Conversational Styles 200 Gender Bias in English 210 Classes of Vocabulary 210 Generic "He" and "Man" 214 Summary 217 References 218 8 Cross-Cultural Studies of Language and Gender 221 Gender-Exclusive Patterns 222 Linguistic and Stylistic Preferences 227 Japanese 227 Javanese 230 Malagasy 232 Kuna 235 Samoan 236 Images of Gender in Linguistic Form 238 French 238 German 240 Spanish 240 Russian 241 Mohawk 241 Japanese 243 Summary 244 References 244 9 Learning Language 246 Acquisition of Language 247 Speech Sounds 248 One-Word Utterances 249 Two-Word Grammars 250 Complex Grammars 254 Morphological Development 254 Growth in Vocabulary 256 Syntactic Development 258 Comparative Evidence 262 Complex Inflectional Systems 262 Agglutinating Languages 263 Polysynthetic Languages 265 Some Universal Sequences 267 Negation 267 Wh-Questions 268 Locative Concepts 269 Instructional Strategies 269 Strategies in the United States 270 Strategies in Other Cultures 272 Samoans 272 Kaluli 272 Kwara'ae 273 Basotho 274 Summary 275 References 275 10 The Acquisition of Communicative Competence 278 Acquiring Communicative Styles 279 Learning Politeness 279 Learning to Express One's Feelings 281 Learning to Dispute 282 Learning Status and Role 284 Status and Role in American English 284 Status in Samoan 290 Relationships in Hungarian 291 Learning Discourse 292 Knowledge of Conversation Structure 292 Cohesion in Conversation 294 Interactional Cooperation 296 Narratives 298 Summary 304 References 304 11 Multilingual Nations 306 India307 Linguistic Diversity 307 Standardization 311 Linguistic Minorities 312 Canada313 Language in Canada 313 Situational Use 317 Attitudes toward Languages and Speakers 318 The United States 323 Language in the United States 323 Puerto Rican Speakers in New York City 326 Bilingual Education 328 Recent Trends in Law 331 Native American Languages 334 Creole Languages in the United States 336 Summary 342 References 343 12 Bilingual Communities 346 Linguistic Change 347 Language Use in Bilingual Communities 349 Endangered Languages 359 The International Dominance of English 365 Bilingual Conversational Strategies 368 Code Switching 368 Code Mixing 373 Interethnic Miscommunication 375 Summary 381 References 381 13 Language and Institutional Encounters 385 Language Ideologies 385 Language and Status 393 A Non-Western Comment 395 Institutional Contexts 395 Education 396 Medical Encounters 402 Legal Settings 407 The Media 416 Summary 425 References 426 Glossary 429 Index 000

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詳細情報

• NII書誌ID(NCID): BA86329411
• ISBN:
  • 9780135135686
• LCCN: 2007022504
• 出版国コード: us
• タイトル言語コード: eng
• 本文言語コード: eng
• 出版地: Upper Saddle River, N.J.
• ページ数/冊数: x, 445 p.
• 大きさ: 23 cm
• 分類:
  • LCC : P35
  • DC22 : 306.44
• 件名:
  • LCSH : Language and culture
  • LCSH : Communication
  • LCSH : Linguistics