The religious Enlightenment : Protestants, Jews, and Catholics from London to Vienna
著者
書誌事項
The religious Enlightenment : Protestants, Jews, and Catholics from London to Vienna
（Jews, Christians, and Muslims from the ancient to the modern world）
Princeton University Press, c2008
- : [pbk.]
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注記
Includes index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
In intellectual and political culture today, the Enlightenment is routinely celebrated as the starting point of modernity and secular rationalism, or demonized as the source of a godless liberalism in conflict with religious faith. In The Religious Enlightenment, David Sorkin alters our understanding by showing that the Enlightenment, at its heart, was religious in nature. Sorkin examines the lives and ideas of influential Protestant, Jewish, and Catholic theologians of the Enlightenment, such as William Warburton in England, Moses Mendelssohn in Prussia, and Adrien Lamourette in France, among others. He demonstrates that, in the century before the French Revolution, the major religions of Europe gave rise to movements of renewal and reform that championed such hallmark Enlightenment ideas as reasonableness and natural religion, toleration and natural law. Calvinist enlightened orthodoxy, Jewish Haskalah, and reform Catholicism, to name but three such movements, were influential participants in the eighteenth century's burgeoning public sphere and promoted a new ideal of church-state relations.
Sorkin shows how they pioneered a religious Enlightenment that embraced the new science of Copernicus and Newton and the philosophy of Descartes, Locke, and Christian Wolff, uniting reason and revelation to renew faith and piety. This book reveals how Enlightenment theologians refashioned belief as a solution to the dogmatism and intolerance of previous centuries. Read it and you will never view the Enlightenment the same way.
目次
List of Illustrations xi List of Maps xii Preface xiii Introduction 1 Enlightenment or Enlightenments? 3 The Religious Enlightenment 5 Reasonableness 11 Toleration 14 The Public Sphere 16 State Nexus 18 The Enlightenment Spectrum 19 Chapter One: BRANT BROUGHTON, LONDON, GLOUCESTER William Warburton's "Heroic Moderation" 23 Natural Right and Toleration 31 History 39 Established Religion 53 Justifi cation, Philosophy, and Science 54 Secular Culture 61 Moderation in Decline 64 Conclusion 65 Chapter Two: GENEVA Jacob Vernet's "Middle Way" 67 Theology 76 Politics 85 The Enlightenment and the Philosophes 97 Geneva Transformed 109 Chapter Three: HALLE Siegmund Jacob Baumgarten's "Vital Knowledge" 113 "The Union with God" 128 Exegesis 136 History, Sacred and Secular 142 Natural Right and Toleration 152 Neology and the State 158 Chapter Four: BERLIN Moses Mendelssohn's "Vital Script" 165 Intellectual Renewal: Philosophy 176 Intellectual Renewal: Exegesis 180 "Civic Ac cep tance" and "Divine Legislation" 193 "The Socrates of Berlin" 206 Haskalah and Beyond 208 Conclusion 212 Chapter Five: VIENNA- LINZ Joseph Valentin Eybel's "Reasonable Doctrine" 215 Church Law 228 Linz and Joseph II 237 "True Devotion" 249 Revolution 254 Conclusion 258 Chapter Six: TOUL- PARIS- LYON Adrien Lamourette's "Luminous Side of Faith" 261 Where France Differed 263 Catholicism 266 The 1780s 269 Theology 274 Revolution, 1789-91 282 Revolution, 1791-94 296 Conclusion 307 Epilogue 311 Glossary 315 Index 319
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