The Chumash world at European contact : power, trade, and feasting among complex hunter-gatherers
著者
書誌事項
The Chumash world at European contact : power, trade, and feasting among complex hunter-gatherers
University of California Press, c2008
- : pbk
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. 309-344) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
When Spanish explorers and missionaries came onto Southern California's shores in 1769, they encountered the large towns and villages of the Chumash, a people who at that time were among the most advanced hunter-gatherer societies in the world. The Spanish were entertained and fed at lavish feasts hosted by chiefs who ruled over the settlements and who participated in extensive social and economic networks. In this first modern synthesis of data from the Chumash heartland, Lynn H. Gamble weaves together multiple sources of evidence to re-create the rich tapestry of Chumash society. Drawing from archaeology, historical documents, ethnography, and ecology, she describes daily life in the large mainland towns, focusing on Chumash culture, household organization, politics, economy, warfare, and more.
目次
Preface 1. The Chumash at Historic Contact 1 Significance of Research 3 Overview of the Chumash 6 Development of Chumash Sociopolitical Complexity 9 Theoretical Considerations 11 2. The Environment and Its Management 17 Resources in the Santa Barbara Channel Region 19 The Chumash as Environmental Managers 32 Environmental Changes During the Historic Period 33 3. Cultural Setting 37 Early Documents 38 Archaeological Research on the Mainland 42 Social Sphere of the Chumash 54 Economic Networks 60 Chiefs and Power 62 4. Historic Chumash Settlements on the Mainland Coast 65 Population Figures for the Chumash 65 Noqto 70 Shilimaqshtush 74 Shisholop Town 75 Texax 76 Kashtayit 76 'Onomyo 77 Tajiguas 78 Qasil 78 Dos Pueblos: Mikiw and Kuya'mu 80 Goleta Slough Settlements 84 Syuxtun 93 Shalawa 96 Q'oloq' 97 Mishopshno 97 Shuku 100 Shisholop Settlement 102 Muwu 104 Lisiqishi 107 Sumo 107 Lojostogni 108 Humaliwo 108 Summary 109 5. Village and Household Organization 113 Ethnohistoric and Ethnographic Descriptions of Village Organization and Structures 114 Archaeological Evidence for Village Organization and Structures 126 Evidence for Production and Consumption at the Household and Village Level 149 6. Subsistence and Feasting 151 Dietary Overview 152 Gender Roles 178 Feasting 179 Colonial Influence and the Persistence of Native Traditions 187 Summary 189 7. Rank, Ritual, and Power 191 Ethnohistoric and Ethnographic Perspectives on Chiefs, Elites, and Commoners 192 Mortuary Symbolism, Rank and Religious Power 201 Religious Power 213 Gender 216 Manifestations of Power 219 8. Economics and Exchange: Manifestations of Wealth Finance 223 Contexts of Exchange 224 Shell Beads as Indicators of Wealth and Rank 229 Theoretical Considerations Concerning Chumash Exchange 234 Significance of Canoes 235 Centers of Exchange 239 Prestige Goods and Wealth Finance 243 Network Power and Social Storage 247 9. Conflict and Social Integration 249 Evidence for Warfare in Ethnohistoric and Ethnographic Accounts 250 Bioarchaeological Evidence of Violence at Historic Contact 261 Mechanisms of Social Integration 264 Methods of Social Control 266 Theoretical Perspectives on Chumash Warfare at Historic Contact 269 10. The Chumash, Pomo, and Patwin: Comparative Analysis and Final Thoughts 275 Complex Hunter-Gatherers: The Chumash Example 276 Resource Abundance and Sociopolitical Complexity 277 Power Strategies of the Chumash 279 Network Power 280 Emergent Complexity and the Relationship of the Island and Mainland Chumash 283 Sociopolitical Complexity among Hunter-Gatherers in California 287 Future Studies of Complex Hunter-Gatherers 301 Notes 303 References 309 Index 351
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