Community corrections
Author(s)
Bibliographic Information
Community corrections
SAGE, c2010
- : pbk
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Note
Includes bibliographical references (p. 507-514) and index
Description and Table of Contents
Description
Aimed at undergraduate courses in criminal justice that offer modules in community corrections, probation and parol, this text covers the necessary topics in community corrections but with a more practical approach than other texts. Subjects covered include: the history of probation and parole; arguments for and against the treatment of offenders; the point and purpose of community corrections; and jail facilities and detention centers.
The book offers a unique perspective given the author's expertise with both special needs populations and in the comparative fields. It is supported by an online study site and instructor's resource materials.
Table of Contents
Note: All Chapters include Focus Topics, Key Terms, "What Would You Do" Exercise, Applied Exercise, and Cross-National Exercise
CHAPTER 1: DEFINITIONS, HISTORY, AND DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS
Early Alternative Sanctions: Sanctuary
Early Alternative Sanctions: Benefit of Clergy
Early Alternative Sanctions: Judicial Reprieve
Early Alternative Sanctions: Recognizance
The Beginning of Parole
The Beginning of Probation
Philosophical Basis of Community Corrections - Both Probation and Parole
Suggested Theoretical Approach to Reintegration and Offender Treatment
Probation and Parole from 1960 On
An Overview and State-by-State Comparison of Community Supervision Models
CHAPTER 2: COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS: PUBLIC SAFETY IS JOB ONE
Key Criminological and Psychological Theoretical Perspectives That Can Be Applied to Community Supervision
The Application of Theory to Specific Issues in Community Supervision
The Application of Theory to Improve Public Safety
Routine Activities Theory: A Model Theory for Improving Public Safety
Excessive Caseloads and Their Impact on Community Protection
The Use of the Community Itself to Improve Safety - Volunteers and Neighborhood Programs
Improving Public Safety: Examples of How Individual Volunteers Can Make A Difference
CHAPTER 3: ASSESSMENT AND RISK PREDICTION
The Pre-Sentence Investigation Report (PSI)
The Basics of Risk-Assessment
False Positives and False Negatives
Static and Dynamic Risk Factors
The Appropriate Use of Subjective and Objective Assessments
Recidivism Prediction
The Link Between Theory and Risk Prediction
Better Diagnosis: The Need for Improved Assessment
Agency-Created Assessment Instruments
Classification
CHAPTER 4: THE ROLE OF THE PRACTITIONER
Tasks and Nature of Work for Probation Officers
Pay and Demographics of Probation Officers
Role Confusion, Stress, and Burnout Related to the Job of Probation Officers
Education, Training, and Qualifications for Probation Officers
Tasks and Nature of Work for Probation Officers
When Probation and Parole are Combined into One Department
Firearms and the Community Supervision Officer
Nature of Work for Treatment Professionals
Record Keeping, Case Notes, and Administrative Duties with the Courts
Types of Treatment Providers in the Community Corrections System
Challenges to the Work of A Correctional Treatment Provider
CHAPTER 5: LEGAL LIABILITIES AND RISK MANAGEMENT
State Levels of Liability
Forms of Immunity and Types of Defenses
Indemnification, Representation, and Types of Damages
Legal Issues of Disclosure with the Pre-Sentence Investigation Reports
Liability of Parole Board Members for Violation of Substantive or Procedural Rights
Parole Board Liability for Released Offenders that Recidivate - Typically No Liability
The Use of Objective Instruments as a Safeguard from Liability
Probationer and Parolee Case Law Regarding Due Process During Revocation
Legal Issues with Court Shaming and the Use of Polygraph Examinations
CHAPTER 6: SPECIFIC ASPECTS RELATED TO PROBATION
Models of Probation Administration
Objectives and Advantages of Probation
Public Probation and Private Probation Agencies
The Sentencing Hearing and the PSI Revisited
The Court and the Role of the Judge: Setting Conditions for Supervision
Purpose of Probation, Evaluation, and Compliance with Conditions of Probation
Alternative Probation Methods
Probation Revocation Procedures
CHAPTER 7: SPECIFIC ASPECTS RELATED TO PAROLE
Models of Parole Administration
Federal Parole: A Remnant of the Past
The Financial Aspects of Parole
The Granting of Parole
Subjective and Objective Indicators in Parole Determinations
Pre-Release Planning and Institutional Parole Officers
Supervision From Beginning to End of Sentence
Conditions of Parole
Evaluation of Compliance and Modifications to Parole
Parole Revocation Proceedings
Victims and Restorative Justice
CHAPTER 8: NEEDS-BASED CASE MANAGEMENT AND CASE PLANNING
The History and Evolution of Case Management
Client Needs Assessment
Reliability and Validity of Needs Assessment Scales
The Assessment System Should Use Highly Reliable Information, instruments and Techniques
Methods Used Which Are Specifically Valid for and Relevant to the Assessments and Decisions
Assessment Approaches Must Provide for the Potential for Change Across Time and Settings
Mental Illness and Classification - the DSM-IV-TR
Caseload Assignment Models
The Specialized Needs Caseload Model
Standards of Classification
Case Management Classification - Presentation of a Model System Assessment
The Supervision Plan
Use of Technology
Client Contracting and Supervision Planning
Addressing Offender Needs Holistically
Treatment Screening and Screening Tools
Treatment Planning
Progress Notes, Record Keeping, and Connecting the Case Plan with Supervision
CHAPTER 9: THE VIABILITY OF TREATMENT PERSPECTIVES
The Martinson Report - Revisited
The Need for Community-Based Treatment and the Pitfalls of Treatment Programs in Institutional Settings
Community Supervision Staff and Treatment Staff: Effective Alliances
Different Types of Treatment Modalities/Orientations in Therapy
Different Types of Treatment Programs
Different Types of Treatment Professionals
Community Partnerships and Agency Alliances
Treatment Staff, Referrals, and Increased Human Supervision
Progress in Treatment Programs and the Likelihood for Recidivism
Educating the Community About Treatment Benefits and Integrating Citizen and Agency Involvement
CHAPTER 10: COMMUNITY-BASED RESIDENTIAL TREATMENT FACILITIES
Initial Offender Processing in the Jail Setting
The Use of Jail Diversion Programs to Alleviate Jail Crowding
Historical Developments in Halfway Houses
Various Community Residential Treatment Centers
Rural and Urban Residential Centers
Work Release and Study Release Programs
Cost-Effectiveness and Actual Program Effectiveness
Complex Offender Cases in Residential Facilities
Typical Staff in Residential Treatment Facilities
CHAPTER 11: INTERMEDIATE SANCTIONS
Fines
Community Service
Intensive Supervision
Electronic Monitoring
Global Positioning Systems
Home Detention
Day Reporting Centers
Shock Incarceration/Split Sentencing
Methods of Ensuring Compliance - Detecting Drug Use Among Offenders
Testing Technologies - Immunoassay and Chromatography
Testing Methods - Instrument Testing and Point-of-Contact Tests
Methods of Ensuring Compliance - Sex Offender Notification Programs and Community Partnerships
Intermediate Sanctions in Different States
CHAPTER 12: JUVENILE OFFENDERS
The Early History of Juvenile Probation
The Nature of Juvenile Probation
The Juvenile Court System
Juvenile Records
Adjudication Processes and Difference for Adult Courts
The Role of Child Protection
Family Services and Family Interventions
Risk Factors and Protective Factors for Juveniles
Juvenile Intensive Probation Supervision
Residential Treatment Programs
Treatment Programs and Types of Therapy
The Juvenile Gang Offender
Restorative Justice Techniques, Family Conferences, and Teen Courts
CHAPTER 13: SPECIALIZED AND PROBLEMATIC OFFENDER TYPOLOGIES
Adult Sex Offenders
Sex Offender Typologies: Victim Chosen is Adult
Sex Offender Typologies: Child as Victim
Adult Sex Offenders in the Community
Substance Abusers
The Therapeutic Community
The Use of Drug Courts
Substance Abusers on Community Supervision
Self-Help Groups
Mentally Ill Offenders
Common Types of Mental Disorders in the Criminal Justice System
Anxiety and Stress-Related Disorders
Antisocial Personality Disorder, Psychopathy, and Other Mentally Disordered Offenders Who Have Heightened Risks of Violence
CHAPTER 14: DIVERSITY ISSUES AND CULTURAL COMPETENCE IN A CHANGING ERA
Why is Diversity an Important Consideration?
The Notion of Cultural Competence
African American, Latino American, and Asian American Offenders in Metropolitan Areas
Minority Caseloads, Minority Gang Affiliations, Training for Community Supervision Staff
Female Offenders
Applied Theory: Feminist Criminology and the Female Offender
CHAPTER 15: PROGRAM EVALUATION AND FUTURE TRENDS IN COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS
Evaluation Research
Staffing Community Corrections Programs
Community Harm with Ineffective Programs
The Future of Community Corrections
The Media and Community Corrections
by "Nielsen BookData"
