The Thirty Years War : Europe's tragedy

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書誌事項

The Thirty Years War : Europe's tragedy

Peter H. Wilson

Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2009

タイトル別名

The 30 Years War : Europe's tragedy

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注記

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

A deadly continental struggle, the Thirty Years War devastated seventeenth-century Europe, killing nearly a quarter of all Germans and laying waste to towns and countryside alike. Peter Wilson offers the first new history in a generation of a horrifying conflict that transformed the map of the modern world. When defiant Bohemians tossed the Habsburg emperor's envoys from the castle windows in Prague in 1618, the Holy Roman Empire struck back with a vengeance. Bohemia was ravaged by mercenary troops in the first battle of a conflagration that would engulf Europe from Spain to Sweden. The sweeping narrative encompasses dramatic events and unforgettable individuals - the sack of Magdeburg; the Dutch revolt; the Swedish militant king Gustavus Adolphus; the imperial generals, opportunistic Wallenstein and pious Tilly; and, crafty diplomat Cardinal Richelieu. In a major reassessment, Wilson argues that religion was not the catalyst, but one element in a lethal stew of political, social, and dynastic forces that fed the conflict. By war's end a recognizably modern Europe had been created, but at what price? The Thirty Years War condemned the Germans to two centuries of internal division and international impotence and became a benchmark of brutality for centuries. As late as the 1960s, Germans placed it ahead of both world wars and the Black Death as their country's greatest disaster. An understanding of the Thirty Years War is essential to comprehending modern European history. Wilson's masterful book will stand as the definitive account of this epic conflict. For a map of Central Europe in 1618, referenced on page XVI, please visit the book feature.

目次

* List of Illustrations * List of Maps and Battle Plans * List of Tables * Note on Form * The Habsburg Family Tree 1500-1665 * Note on Currencies * Preface Part one: Beginnings * Introduction Three Men and a Window Interpretations The Argument * Trouble in the Heart of Christendom The Empire Confessionalization Religion and Imperial Law * Casa d'Austria Lands and Dynasty Estates and Confession The Catholic Revival * The Turkish War and its Consequences The Turkish Menace The Ways of War The Long Turkish War The Brothers' Quarrel * Pax Hispanica The Spanish Monarchy The Dutch Revolt 1568-1609 The Spanish Road Spanish Peace-making 161 * Dominium Maris Baltici Denmark The Divided House of Vasa Poland-Lithuania * From Rudolf to Matthias 1582-1612 Religion and the German Princes Confession and Imperial Politics to 1608 Union and Liga 1608-9 The Ju lich-Cleves Crisis 1609-10 * On the Brink? Emperor Matthias The Uskok War and the Habsburg Succession 1615-17 255 Palatine Brinkmanship Part Two: Conflict * The Bohemian Revolt 1618-20 For Liberty and Privilege A King for a Crown Ferdinand Gathers his Forces White Mountain Accounting for Failure * Ferdinand Triumphant 1621-4 The Palatine Cause Protestant Paladins The Catholic Ascendancy 1621-9 * Olivares and Richelieu Olivares Richelieu The Valtellina * Denmark's War against the Emperor 1625-9 Trouble in Lower Saxony Wallenstein Denmark's Defeat 1626-9 * The Threat of European War 1628-30 The Baltic The Netherlands Mantua and La Rochelle The Edict of Restitution The Regensburg Electoral Congress 1630 * The Lion of the North 1630-2 Swedish Intervention Between the Lion and the Eagle The Swedish Empire Calls for Assistance Zenith * Without Gustavus 1633-4 The Heilbronn League Tension along the Rhine Spain Intervenes Wallenstein: the Final Act The Two Ferdinands * For the Liberty of Germany 1635-6 Richelieu Resolves on War The War in the West 1635-6 The Peace of Prague 1635 Appeals to Patriotism Renewed Efforts for Peace * Habsburg High Tide 1637-40 Stalemate Resolution on the Rhine Peace for North Germany? * In the Balance 1641-3 The Franco-Swedish Alliance 1641 The War in the Empire 1642-3 Spain's Growing Crisis 1635-43 From Breda to Rocroi 1637-43 * Pressure to Negotiate 1644-5 The Westphalian Congress France in Germany 1644 The Baltic Becomes Swedish 1643-5 1645: Annus horribilis et mirabilis * War or Peace 1646-8 A Crisis of Confidence 1646 Towards Consensus Spain's Peace with the Dutch The Final Round 1648 Part Three: Aftermath * The Westphalian Settlement The International Dimension A Christian Peace Demobilization The Imperial Recovery * The Human and Material Cost An All-destructive Fury? The Demographic Impact The Economic Impact The Crisis of the Territorial State Cultural Impact * Experiencing War The Nature of Experience Military-Civil Relations Perceptions Commemoration * Abbreviations * Notes * Index

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