Impacts of point polluters on terrestrial biota : comparative analysis of 18 contaminated areas
著者
書誌事項
Impacts of point polluters on terrestrial biota : comparative analysis of 18 contaminated areas
（Environmental pollution, v. 15）
Springer, c2009
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注記
Bibliography: p. 403-449
Includes indexes
内容説明・目次
内容説明
The adverse consequences of pollution impact on terrestrial ecosystems have been under careful investigation since the beginning of the twentieth century. Several thousand case studies have documented the biotic effects occurring in contaminated areas. However, after more than a century of research, ecologists are still far from understanding the effects of pollution on biota. Only a few generalisations have been made on the basis of extensive monitoring programs and numerous expe- ments with industrial contaminants. The need to reveal general patterns in the responses of terrestrial biota to ind- trial pollution and to identify the sources of variation in these responses became obvious more than a decade ago. At about that time, our team initiated a quanti- tive research synthesis of the biotic effects caused by industrial pollution, based on 1 a meta-analysis of published data. All meta-analyses conducted so far (covering diversity and abundance of soil microfungi, diversity of vascular plants, diversity and abundance of terrestrial arthropods, and plant growth and reproduction) c- sistently showed high heterogeneity in the responses of terrestrial biota to industrial pollution. At the same time, they demonstrated an unexpected shortage of infor- tion suitable for meta-analyses, as well as a considerable influence of methodology of primary studies on the outcome of the research syntheses. To overcome the identified problems, we designed a comparative study, the results of which are reported in this book.
目次
1 Introduction 1.1 'Pollution science' - applied or basic ecology? 1.2 Pollution, polluters and pollutants 1.3 Extent and severity of impacts 1.4 The state of pollution-oriented studies and the need for generalization 1.5 Impact zones of point polluters as models for ecological and environmental research 1.6 Summary 2 Methodology of the research and description of polluters 2.1 Selection of polluters 2.2 History of the selected polluters and their environmental impact 2.3 Study sites and general sampling design 2.4 Environmental contamination at study sites 2.5 Statistical approaches 2.6 Summary 3 Soil quality 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Materials and methods 3.3 Results 3.4 Discussion 3.5 Summary 4 Plant growth and vitality 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Materials and methods 4.3 Results 4.4 Discussion 4.5 Summary 5 Fluctuating asymmetry of woody plants 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Materials and methods 5.3 Results 5.4 Discussion 5.5 Summary 6 Structure of plant communities 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Materials and methods 6.3 Results 6.4 Discussion 6.5 Summary 7 Insect herbivory 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Materials and methods 7.3 Results 7.4 Discussion 7.5 Summary 8 Methodology of pollution ecology: problems and perspectives 8.1 Importance of observational studies 8.2 Interpretation of experimental results 8.3 The amount of reliable information 8.4 Quality of information 8.5 Research and publication biases 8.6 Summary 9 Effects of industrial polluters: general patterns and sources of variation 9.1 The state ofknowledge 9.2 Myths of pollution ecology 9.3 Changes of ecosystem components along pollution gradients: structure of phenomenological model 9.4 Sources of variation in biotic responses to pollution 9.5 Exploring effects of industrial pollution: prospects and limitations 9.6 Summary Correspondence between vernacular and Latin names of plant species Appendix I: List of abbreviations and Appendix II: Color plates
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