The making of modern science : science, technology, medicine and modernity : 1789-1914

著者

書誌事項

The making of modern science : science, technology, medicine and modernity : 1789-1914

David Knight

Polity, 2009

  • : pbk
  • : hbk

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注記

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

巻冊次

: hbk ISBN 9780745636757

内容説明

Of all the inventions of the nineteenth century, the scientist is one of the most striking. In revolutionary France the science student, taught by men active in research, was born; and a generation later, the graduate student doing a PhD emerged in Germany. In 1833 the word 'scientist' was coined; forty years later science (increasingly specialised) was a becoming a profession. Men of science rivalled clerics and critics as sages; they were honoured as national treasures, and buried in state funerals. Their new ideas invigorated the life of the mind. Peripatetic congresses, great exhibitions, museums, technical colleges and laboratories blossomed; and new industries based on chemistry and electricity brought prosperity and power, economic and military. Eighteenth-century steam engines preceded understanding of the physics underlying them; but electric telegraphs and motors were applied science, based upon painstaking interpretation of nature. The ideas, discoveries and inventions of scientists transformed the world: lives were longer and healthier, cities and empires grew, societies became urban rather than agrarian, the local became global. And by the opening years of the twentieth century, science was spreading beyond Europe and North America, and women were beginning to be visible in the ranks of scientists. Bringing together the people, events, and discoveries of this exciting period into a lively narrative, this book will be essential reading both for students of the history of science and for anyone interested in the foundations of the world as we know it today.

目次

List of Illustrations vi Preface: The Age of Science viii Acknowledgements xiii Introduction: Approaching the Past 1 1 Science in and after 1789 12 2 Science and its Languages 33 3 Applied Science 56 4 Intellectual Excitement 82 5 Healthy Lives 105 6 Laboratories 129 7 Bodies, Minds and Spirits 151 8 The Time of Triumph 172 9 Science and National Identities 195 10 Method and Heresy 217 11 Cultural Leadership 238 12 Into the New Century 264 Timeline 283 Notes and References 289 Index 353
巻冊次

: pbk ISBN 9780745636764

内容説明

Of all the inventions of the nineteenth century, the scientist is one of the most striking. In revolutionary France the science student, taught by men active in research, was born; and a generation later, the graduate student doing a PhD emerged in Germany. In 1833 the word 'scientist' was coined; forty years later science (increasingly specialised) was a becoming a profession. Men of science rivalled clerics and critics as sages; they were honoured as national treasures, and buried in state funerals. Their new ideas invigorated the life of the mind. Peripatetic congresses, great exhibitions, museums, technical colleges and laboratories blossomed; and new industries based on chemistry and electricity brought prosperity and power, economic and military. Eighteenth-century steam engines preceded understanding of the physics underlying them; but electric telegraphs and motors were applied science, based upon painstaking interpretation of nature. The ideas, discoveries and inventions of scientists transformed the world: lives were longer and healthier, cities and empires grew, societies became urban rather than agrarian, the local became global. And by the opening years of the twentieth century, science was spreading beyond Europe and North America, and women were beginning to be visible in the ranks of scientists. Bringing together the people, events, and discoveries of this exciting period into a lively narrative, this book will be essential reading both for students of the history of science and for anyone interested in the foundations of the world as we know it today.

目次

List of Illustrations vi Preface: The Age of Science viii Acknowledgements xiii Introduction: Approaching the Past 1 1 Science in and after 1789 12 2 Science and its Languages 33 3 Applied Science 56 4 Intellectual Excitement 82 5 Healthy Lives 105 6 Laboratories 129 7 Bodies, Minds and Spirits 151 8 The Time of Triumph 172 9 Science and National Identities 195 10 Method and Heresy 217 11 Cultural Leadership 238 12 Into the New Century 264 Timeline 283 Notes and References 289 Index 353

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