Sociology : exploring the architecture of everyday life
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書誌事項
Sociology : exploring the architecture of everyday life
Pine Forge Press, c2008
7[th ed.]
- : pbk
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. 469-518) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
DISCOUNTED BUNDLE SAVES YOUR STUDENTS MONEY!This book is available bundled with Sociology: Exploring the Architecture of Everyday Life Readings, Seventh Edition (bundle ISBN: 978-1-4129-6151-6) The Seventh Edition of David NewmanAEs Sociology: Exploring the Architecture of Everyday Life invites students to delve into the fascinating world of sociological thought. Encouraging students to think more about how sociology applies to their everyday lives, this edition features updated coverage and fresh examples, including revamped micro-macro connections to help students understand the link between individual lives and the structure of society. New to the Seventh Edition Presents new and updated coverage throughout, including new sections on Muslim-Americans, global warming, and sexual orientationFeatures NewmanAEs signature compelling writing style with slightly briefer chapters and integrated global content in each for a better fit with todayAEs courses Provides a more robust research methods section with innovative discussions of spuriousness in research, reading a research article correctly, and more, plus a new oDoing Social Researchoe feature Offers new examples from the myriad U.S. subcultures to engage students with examples that are relevant to their lives Features new and updated Micro-Macro Connections, including technology and erosion of privacy, the global health divide, and more, to help students make the link between their daily lives and the architecture of society Includes fresh examples and updated statistical information throughout the text, along with new exhibits and impactful visual essays Ancillaries InstructorAEs Resources on CD-Rom are available to qualified instructors. Contact SAGE at info@sagepub.com or 1.800.818.7243 to request a copy.Student study site u COMING SOON - at www.pineforge.com/newman7study Intended AudienceThis core text is designed for students enrolled in Introduction to Sociology and Principles of Sociology courses in departments of sociology.
目次
About the Author
Preface
Acknowledgments
PART I THE INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY
1 Taking a New Look at a Familiar World
Sociology and the Individual
The Insights of Sociology
The Sociological Imagination
Emile Durkheim: A Sociological View of Suicide
Conclusion
YOUR TURN
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
KEY TERMS
2 Seeing and Thinking Sociologically
How Individuals Structure Society
Social Influence: The Impact of Other People in Our Everyday Lives
Stanley Milgram: Ordinary People and Cruel Acts
Societal Influence: The Effect of Social Structure on Our Everyday Lives
Statuses and Roles
Groups
Organizations
Marion Nestle: The Economics and Politics of Food
Culture
Values
Micro-Macro Connection: Family Privacy Versus Children's Welfare
Norms
Social Structure in Global Context
Visual Essay: The Old Ball Game
Three Perspectives on Social Order
The Structural-Functionalist Perspective
The Conflict Perspective
Symbolic Interactionism
Conclusion
YOUR TURN
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
KEY TERMS
STUDY SITE ON THE WEB
PART II THE CONSTRUCTION OF SELF AND SOCIETY
3 Building Reality: The Social Construction of Knowledge
Understanding the Social Construction of Reality
Laying the Foundation: The Bases of Reality
Culture and Language
Micro-Macro Connection: The Language of War
Self- Fulfilling Prophecies
Faith and Incorrigible Propositions
Hugh Mehan and Houston Wood: The Infallible Oracle
Building the Walls: Conflict, Power, and Social Institutions
The Economics of Reality
The Politics of Reality
The Medium Is the Message
Moral Entrepreneurs
Appreciating the Contributions of Sociological Research
Visual Essay: Personal Billboards
The Empirical Nature of Sociological Research
Qualitative and Quantitative Research
Theories, Variables, and Hypotheses
Modes of Research
Experiments
Field Research
Surveys
Unobtrusive Research
The Trustworthiness of Social Research
Samples
Indicators
Values, Interests, and Ethics in Sociological Research
Laud Humphreys: The Tearoom Trade
Conclusion
YOUR TURN
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
KEY TERMS
STUDY SITE ON THE WEB
4 Building Order: Culture and History
Dimensions of Culture
Material and Nonmaterial Culture
Micro-Macro Connection: The Chair
Global Culture
Subcultures and Countercultures
History: The "Archives" for Everyday Living
Cultural Expectations and Social Order
Micro-Macro Connection: Can You Hear Me Now?
Social Institutions and Cultural Norms
Institutionalized Emotions
Norms and Sanctions
Cultural Relativism and Ethnocentrism
Cultural Variation and Everyday Experience
Health and Illness
Sex
Visual Essay: Funeral Rituals in the Netherlands
Conclusion
YOUR TURN
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
KEY TERMS
STUDY SITE ON THE WEB
5 Building Identity: Socialization
Social Structure and the Construction of Human Beings
Socialization: Becoming Who We Are
The Acquisition of Self
The Differentiation of Self
Language Acquisition and the Looking-Glass Self
The Development of Role Taking
Resocialization
Spencer Cahill: The Professional Socialization of Funeral Directors
The Self in Cultural Context
Socialization and Stratification: Growing Up With Inequality
Social Class
Race and Ethnicity
Gender
Micro-Macro Connection: Girls' Toys and Boys' Toys
Institutions and Socialization
Education
Visual Essay: Becoming a Mariner
Religion
Mass Media
Conclusion
YOUR TURN
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
KEY TERMS
STUDY SITE ON THE WEB
6 Supporting Identity: The Presentation of Self
Forming Impressions of Others
Social Group Membership
Physical Appearance
Micro-Macro Connection: Sizing People Up
Verbal and Nonverbal Expression
Managing Impressions
Visual Essay:
Image Making
The Illusion of Youth
Political Portraits
Dramaturgy: Actors on a Social Stage
Front Stage and Back Stage
Peter Ubel: Elevator Talk Among Doctors and Nurses
Props
Social Influences on Impression Management
Race and Ethnicity
Elijah Anderson: Streetwise
Social Status
Collective Impression Management
Mismanaging Impressions: Spoiled Identities
Embarrassment
Remedies for Spoiled Identities
Stigma
Conclusion
YOUR TURN
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
KEY TERMS
STUDY SITE ON THE WEB
7 Building Social Relationships: Intimacy and Families
Life With Others
Social Diversity and Intimate Choices
Religious Endogamy
Racial and Ethnic Endogamy
Social Class Endogamy
Visual Essay: The Blending of America: Mixed Race
Family Life
Defining Family
Historical Trends in Family Life
Trends in Family Structure
Trends in Household Size
Trends in Divorce
Cultural Variation in Intimacy and Family
Family and Social Structure
How Other Institutions Influence Family
The Influence of Law and Politics
The Influence of Religion
The Influence of Economics
Micro-Macro Connection: Dual-Earner Parents
How Social Diversity Influences Family
Mary Pattillo-McCoy: Privilege and Peril in Middle-Class Black Families
Family Challenges
Divorce
The Normalization of Divorce
Children, Divorce, and Single Parenting
Remarriage and Stepfamilies
Family Violence
Intimate Partner Violence
Child Abuse
Family Violence in Cultural Context
Personal and Institutional Responses to Intimate Violence
Conclusion
YOUR TURN
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
KEY TERMS
STUDY SITE ON THE WEB
8 Constructing Difference: Social Deviance
Defining Deviance
Absolutist Definitions of Deviance
Relativist Definitions of Deviance
The Elements of Deviance
Visual Essay: A Culture of Tramps
Micro-Macro Connection: Sexual Abuse and the Clergy
Explaining Deviant Behavior
Deterring Deviance
Labeling Deviants
Nancy Herman: Becoming an Ex-Crazy
Linking Power, Deviance, and Social Control
The Criminalization of Deviance
The Social Reality of Crime
Corporate and White Collar Crime
The Menace of "Illegal" Drugs
The Medicalization of Deviance
Individualizing Complex Social Issues
Micro-Macro Connection: The Pharmaceutical Personality
Depoliticizing Deviance
Conclusion
YOUR TURN
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
KEY TERMS
STUDY SITE ON THE WEB
PART III SOCIAL STRUCTURE, INSTITUTIONS, AND EVERYDAY LIFE
9 The Structure of Society: Organizations, Social Institutions, and Globalization
Social Structure and Everyday Life
Social Dilemmas: Individual Interests and Structural Needs
The Tragedy of the Commons
The Free-Rider Problem
Solutions to Social Dilemmas
The Structure of Formal Organizations
Bureaucracies: Playing by the Rules
George Ritzer: The McDonaldization of Society
The Hierarchical Makeup of Organizations
The Upper Echelons
The Middle Ground
The Lower Echelons
The Construction of Organizational Reality
Organizations and Institutions
Organizational Networks Within Institutions
Micro-Macro Connection: The U.S. Health Care System
Institutional Pressures Toward Similarity
Globalization and Social Institutions
Economics
Education
Visual Essay: The Trail of the Tomato
Religion
Conclusion
YOUR TURN
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
KEY TERMS
STUDY SITE ON THE WEB
10 The Architecture of Stratification: Social Class and Inequality
Stratification Systems
Slavery
Micro-Macro Connection: Buying and Selling Humans
Caste System
Estate Systems
Social Class Systems
Sociological Perspectives on Stratification
The Structural-Functionalist View of Stratification
The Conflict View of Stratification
The Marxian Class Model
A Neo-Marxian Model of Stratification
Weber's Model of Stratification
Class Inequality in the United States
Class and Everyday Life
Class Distinctions
The Upper Class
The Middle Class
The Working Class
Mike Rose: The Mind at Work
The Poor
Micro-Macro Connection: Out on the Street
What Poverty Means in the United States
The Poverty Line
The Near-Poor
The Poverty Rate
Why Poverty Persists
Enduring Disparities in Income and Wealth
The Social "Benefits" of Poverty
The Ideology of Competitive Individualism
The Culture of Poverty
Global Development and Inequality
The Global Economic Gap
Micro-Macro Connection: The Global Health Divide
Explanations for Global Stratification
Global Financial Organizations
Multinational Corporations
Conclusion
YOUR TURN
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
KEY TERMS
STUDY SITE ON THE WEB
11 The Architecture of Inequality: Race and Ethnicity
Race and Ethnicity: More Than Just Biology
Micro-Macro Connection: Politics and Multiracial Identity
Histories of Oppression and Inequality
Native Americans
Latino/as
Visual Essay: "Civilizing" 'the Indians
African Americans
Asian Americans
Muslim Americans
Racial and Ethnic Relations
Personal Racism
Stereotypes
Prejudice and Discrimination
The Privilege of Having No Color
Class, Race, and Discrimination
Quiet Racism
Joe Feagin and Eileen O'Brien: White Men on Race
The Cultural Ideology of Racism
Racism in Language
The Myth of Innate Racial Inferiority
Micro-Macro Connection: Racial Superiority and the Dominant Black Athlete
Institutional Racism: Injustice Built Into the System
Racial Inequality in the Economic System
Racial Inequality in the Health Care System
Racial Inequality in the Educational System
Remedies for Institutional Racism: Affirmative Action
Global Perspective on Racism
Conclusion
YOUR TURN
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
KEY TERMS
STUDY SITE ON THE WEB
12 The Architecture of Inequality: Sex and Gender
Sexism at the Personal Level
Sexism and Social Interaction
Laura Miller: Gender, Power, and Harassment in the Military
Sexual Orientation
Violence Against Women
Rape as a Means of Social Control
Victim Blaming
The Ideology of Sexism: Biology as Destiny
Institutions and Gender Inequality
Gender Inequality in Health and Health Care
Gender Inequality in the Media
Micro-Macro Connection: Can Media Images Be Hazardous to Your Health?
Gender Inequality in Families
Gender Inequality in Education
Gender Inequality in the Economy
Segregation in the Workplace
The Wage Gap
The Global Devaluation of Women
Conclusion
YOUR TURN
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
KEY TERMS
STUDY SITE ON THE WEB
13 Demographic Dynamics: Population Trends
The Influence of Birth Cohorts
Baby Boomers
Generation X
The Millennium Generation
Demographic Dynamics
Population Growth
Global Imbalances in Population Growth
Politics, Culture, and Population Growth
Age Structure
Geographic Distribution
Migration Within a Society
Migration from One Country to Another
Population Trends in the United States
Immigration and the Changing Face of the United States
The Immigrant Surge
Visual Essay: Immigrant Nation
Social Responses to Immigrants
Micro-Macro Connection: The Peculiar Politics of Immigration
The "Graying" of the United States
Conclusion
YOUR TURN
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
KEY TERMS
STUDY SITE ON THE WEB
14 Architects of Change: Reconstructing Society
Social Change
Micro-Macro Connection: Parental Pressure in Childhood Sports
The Speed of Social Change
Causes of Social Change
Environmental and Population Pressures
Cultural and Technological Innovation
Micro-Macro Connection: Technology and the Erosion of Privacy
Diffusion of Technologies and Cultural Practices
Social Movement
Types of Social Movements
Elements of Social Movements
Ideology
Visual Essay: Portraits of Grief
Rising Expectations
Resource Mobilization
Bureaucratization
Political Opportunity Structure
The Sociological Imagination Revisited
Conclusion and Farewell
YOUR TURN
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
KEY TERMS
STUDY SITE ON THE WEB
References
Photo Credits
Glossary/Index
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