Core questions in philosophy : a text with readings
著者
書誌事項
Core questions in philosophy : a text with readings
Pearson Prentice Hall, c2009
5th ed
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
For introductory philosophy courses.
Presented in an engaging lecture-style format, this text/reader focuses on the basic issues and ideas in philosophy with lectures/discussions, supported by readings from historically important sources. Discussions emphasize the logic of philosophical arguments and how they relate to the content of modern physical and social sciences.
Core Questions in Philosophy emphasizes the idea that philosophy is a subject de voted to evaluating arguments and constructing theories.
目次
PART I. INTRODUCTION
1. What Is Philosophy?
2. Deductive Arguments
3. Inductive and Abductive Arguments
PART II. PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION
4. Aquinas' First Four Ways
5. The Design Argument
6. Evolution and Creationism
7. Can Science Explain Everything?
8. The Ontological Argument
9. Is the Existence of God Testable?
10. Pascal and Irrationality
11. The Argument from Evil
Readings
Five Ways to Prove That God Exists -- Saint Thomas Aquinas
The Design Argument -- William Paley
Critique of the Design Argument -- David Hume
The Ontological Argument -- Saint Anselm and Gaunilo
The Meaninglessness of Religious Discourse -- Alfred Jules Ayer
Belief in God - What Do You Have to Lose? - Blaise Pascal
The Will to Believe -- William James
Suggestions for Further Reading
PART III. THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE
12. What Is Knowledge?
13. Descartes' Foundationalism
14. The Reliability Theory of Knowledge
15. Justified Belief and Hume's Problem of Induction
16. Can Hume's Skepticism Be Refuted?
17. Beyond Foundationalism
18. Locke on the Existence of External Objects
Readings
Meditations on First Philosophy -- Rene Descartes
Induction Cannot Be Rationally Justified -- David Hume
Suggestions for Further Reading
PART IV. PHILOSOPHY OF MIND
19. Dualism and the Mind/Body Problem
20. Logical Behaviorism
21. Methodological Behaviorism
22. The Mind/Brain Identity Theory
23. Functionalism 24. Freedom, Determinism, and Causality
25. A Menu of Positions on Free Will
26. Compatibilism
27. Psychological Egoism
Readings
Other Minds Are Known by Analogy from One's Own Case -- Bertrand Russell
Is Consciousness a Brain Process? - U.T. Place
Determinism Shows that Free Will is an Illusion - Baron d'Holbach
Of Liberty and Necessity -- David Hume Has the Self "Free Will"? -- C.A. Campbell
What Motivates People to Act Justly? -- Plato
Suggestions for Further Reading
PART V. ETHICS
28. Ethics-Normative and Meta
29. The Is/Ought Gap and the Naturalistic Fallacy
30. Observation and Explanation in Ethics
31. Conventionalist Theories
32. Utilitarianism
33. Kant's Moral Theory
34. Aristotle on the Good Life
Readings
Existentialism -- Jean-Paul Sartre
Defense of Utilitarianism -- John Stuart Mill
Ethics Founded on Reason -- Immanuel Kant
Morality and Human Nature -- Aristotle
Suggestions for Further Reading
Glossary
Index
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