Biopsychology

Author(s)

• Pinel, John P. J.

Bibliographic Information

Biopsychology

John P.J. Pinel

Pearson/Allyn & Bacon, c2011

8th ed., international ed

• : pbk

Note

Includes bibliographical references (p. 516-563) and indexes

Description and Table of Contents

Description

Pinel clearly presents the fundamentals Biopsychology and makes the topics personally and socially relevant to the reader. The defining feature of Biopsychology is its unique combination of biopsychological science and personal, reader-oriented discourse. Rather than introducing biopsychology in the usual textbook fashion, it interweaves the fundamentals of the field with clinical case studies, social issues, personal implications, and humorous anecdotes. It tries to be a friendly mentor that speaks directly to the reader, enthusiastically relating recent advances in biopsychological science. Note: This is the standalone book, if you want the book/access card order the ISBN below: 0205216951 / 9780205216956 Biopsychology with NEW MyPsychLab and Pearson eText Package consists of: 0205206514 / 9780205206513 NEW MyPsychLab with Pearson eText -- Valuepack Access Card 0205832563 / 9780205832569 Biopsychology

Table of Contents

• Brief Table of Contents Part 1: What is Biopsychology? Chapter 1: Biopsychology as a Neuroscience: What Is Biopsychology, Anyway? Part 2: Foundations of Biopsychology Chapter 2: Evolution, Genetics, and Experience: Thinking about the Biology of Behavior Chapter 3: Anatomy of the Nervous System: Systems, Structures, and Cells That Make Up Your Nervous System Chapter 4: Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission: How Neurons Send and Receive Signals Chapter 5: The Research Methods of Biopsychology: Understanding What Biopsychologists Do PART ONE Methods of Studying the Nervous System PART TWO Behavioral Research Methods of Biopsychology Part 3: Sensory and Motor Systems Chapter 6: The Visual System: How We See Chapter 7: Mechanisms of Perception: Hearing, Touch, Smell, Taste, and Attention: How You Know the World Chapter 8: The Sensorimotor System: How You Move Part 4: Brain Plasticity Chapter 9: Development of the Nervous System: From Fertilized Egg to You Chapter 10: Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity: Can the Brain Recover from Damage? Chapter 11: Learning, Memory, and Amnesia: How Your Brain Stores Information Part 5: Biopsychology of Motivation Chapter 12: Hunger, Eating, and Health: Why Do Many People Eat Too Much? Chapter 13: Hormones and Sex: What's Wrong with the Mamawawa? Chapter 14: Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms: How Much Do You Need to Sleep? Chapter 15: Drug Addiction and the Brain's Reward Circuits: Chemicals That Harm with Pleasure Part 6: Disorders of Cognition and Emotion Chapter 16: Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain: The Left Brain and the Right Brain of Language Chapter 17: Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health: Fear, the Dark Side of Emotion Chapter 18: Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders: The Brain Unhinged Detailed Table of Contents Chapter 1 Biopsychology as a Neuroscience: What Is Biopsychology, Anyway? Four Major Themes of This Book 1.1 What Is Biopsychology? 1.2 What Is the Relation between Biopsychology and the Other Disciplines of Neuroscience? 1.3 What Types of Research Characterize the Biopsychological Approach? Human and Nonhuman Subjects Experiments and Nonexperiments Pure and Applied Research 1.4 What Are the Divisions of Biopsychology? Physiological Psychology Psychopharmacology Neuropsychology Psychophysiology Cognitive Neuroscience Comparative Psychology 1.5 Converging Operations: How Do Biopsychologists Work Together? 1.6 Scientific Inference: How Do Biopsychologists Study the Unobservable Workings of the Brain? 1.7 Critical Thinking about Biopsychological Claims Themes Revisited Think about it Sample study questions Key terms Chapter 2 Evolution, Genetics, and Experience: Thinking about the Biology of Behavior 2.1 Thinking about the Biology of Behavior: From Dichotomies to Interactions Is It Physiological, or Is It Psychological? Is It Inherited, or Is It Learned? Problems with Thinking about the Biology of Behavior in Terms of Traditional Dichotomies 2.2 Human Evolution Course of Human Evolution Thinking about Human Evolution Evolution of the Human Brain Evolutionary Psychology: Understanding Mate Bonding Thinking about Evolutionary Psychology 2.3 Fundamental Genetics Mendelian Genetics Chromosomes: Reproduction and Recombination Chromosomes: Structure and Replication Sex Chromosomes and Sex-Linked Traits The Genetic Code and Gene Expression Mitochondrial DNA Modern Genetics 2.4 Behavioral Development: Interaction of Genetic Factors and Experience Selective Breeding of "Maze-Bright" and "Maze-Dull" Rats Phenylketonuria: A Single-Gene Metabolic Disorder Development of Birdsong 2.5 Genetics of Human Psychological Differences Development of Individuals versus Development of Differences among Individuals Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 3 Anatomy of the Nervous System: Systems, Structures, and Cells That Make Up Your Nervous System 3.1 General Layout of the Nervous System Divisions of the Nervous System Meninges, Ventricles, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Blood-Brain Barrier 3.2 Cells of the Nervous System Anatomy of Neurons Glial Cells: The Forgotten Cells 3.3 Neuroanatomical Techniques and Directions Neuroanatomical Techniques Directions in the Vertebrate Nervous System 3.4 Spinal Cord 3.5 Five Major Divisions of the Brain 3.6 Major Structures of the Brain Myelencephalon Metencephalon Mesencephalon Diencephalon Telencephalon The Limbic System and the Basal Ganglia Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 4 Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission: How Neurons Send and Receive Signals 4.1 Neuron's Resting Membrane Potential Recording the Membrane Potential Resting Membrane Potential Ionic Basis of the Resting Potential 4.2 Generation and Conduction of Postsynaptic Potentials 4.3 Integration of Postsynaptic Potentials and Generation of Action Potentials 4.4 Conduction of Action Potentials The Ionic Basis of Action Potentials Refractory Periods Axonal Conduction of Action Potentials Conduction in Myelinated Axons The Velocity of Axonal Conduction Conduction in Neurons without Axons The Hodgkin-Huxley Model in Perspective 4.5 Synaptic Transmission: Chemical Transmission of Signals Among Neurons Structure of Synapses Synthesis, Packaging, and Transport of Neurotransmitter Molecules Release of Neurotransmitter Molecules Activation of Receptors by Neurotransmitter Molecules Reuptake, Enzymatic Degradation, and Recycling Glial Function and Synaptic Transmission 4.6 Neurotransmitters Amino Acid Neurotransmitters Monoamine Neurotransmitters Acetylcholine Unconventional Neurotransmitters Neuropeptides 4.7 Pharmacology of Synaptic Transmission and Behavior How Drugs Influence Synaptic Transmission Behavioral Pharmacology: Three Influential Lines of Research Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 5 The Research Methods of Biopsychology: Understanding What Biopsychologists Do PART ONE Methods of Studying the Nervous System 5.1 Methods of Visualizing and Stimulating the Living Human Brain Contrast X-Rays X-Ray Computed Tomography Magnetic Resonance Imaging Positron Emission Tomography Functional MRI Magnetoencephalography Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation 5.2 Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Scalp Electroencephalography Muscle Tension Eye Movement Cardiovascular Activity 5.3 Invasive Physiological Research Methods Stereotaxic Surgery Lesion Methods Electrical Stimulation Invasive Electrophysiological Recording Methods 5.4 Pharmacological Research Methods Routes of Drug Administration Selective Chemical Lesions Measuring Chemical Activity of the Brain Locating Neurotransmitters and Receptors in the Brain 5.5 Genetic Engineering Gene Knockout Techniques Gene Replacement Techniques Fantastic Fluorescence and the Brainbow PART TWO Behavioral Research Methods of Biopsychology 5.6 Neuropsychological Testing Modern Approach to Neuropsychological Testing Tests of the Common Neuropsychological Test Battery Tests of Specific Neuropsychological Function Frontal-Lobe Function 5.7 Behavioral Methods of Cognitive Neuroscience 5.8 Biopsychological Paradigms of Animal Behavior Paradigms for Assessment of Species-Common Behaviors Traditional Conditioning Paradigms Seminatural Animal Learning Paradigms Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 6 The Visual System: How We See 6.1 Light Enters the Eye and Reaches the Retina The Pupil and the Lens Eye Position and Binocular Disparity 6.2 The Retina and Translation of Light into Neural Signals Cone and Rod Vision Spectral Sensitivity Eye Movement Visual Transduction: The Conversion of Light to Neural Signals 6.3 From Retina to Primary Visual Cortex Retinotopic Organization The M and P Channels 6.4 Seeing Edges Lateral Inhibition and Contrast Enhancement Receptive Fields of Visual Neurons Receptive Fields: Neurons of the Retina-Geniculate-Striate System Receptive Fields: Simple Cortical Cells Receptive Fields: Complex Cortical Cells Columnar Organization of Primary Visual Cortex Plasticity of Receptive Fields of Neurons in the Visual Cortex 6.5 Seeing Color Component and Opponent Processing Color Constancy and the Retinex Theory 6.6 Cortical Mechanisms of Vision and Conscious Awareness Damage to Primary Visual Cortex: Scotomas and Completion Damage to Primary Visual Cortex: Scotomas, Blindsight, and Conscious Awareness Functional Areas of Secondary and Association Visual Cortex Dorsal and Ventral Streams Prosopagnosia Akinetopsia Conclusion Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 7 Mechanisms of Perception: Hearing, Touch, Smell, Taste, and Attention: How You Know the World 7.1 Principles of Sensory System Organization Hierarchical Organization Functional Segregation Parallel Processing Summary Model of Sensory System Organization 7.2 Auditory System The Ear From the Ear to the Primary Auditory Cortex Subcortical Mechanisms of Sound Localization Auditory Cortex Effects of Damage to the Auditory System 7.3 Somatosensory System: Touch and Pain Cutaneous Receptors Dermatomes Two Major Somatosensory Pathways Cortical Areas of Somatosensation Effects of Damage to the Primary Somatosensory Cortex Somatosensory System and Association Cortex Somatosensory Agnosias Perception of Pain Neuropathic Pain 7.4 Chemical Senses: Smell and Taste Olfactory System Gustatory System Brain Damage and the Chemical Senses 7.5 Selective Attention Change Blindness Neural Mechanisms of Attention Simultanagnosia Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 8 The Sensorimotor System: How You Move 8.1 Three Principles of Sensorimotor Function The Sensorimotor System Is Hierarchically Organized Motor Output Is Guided by Sensory Input Learning Changes the Nature and Locus of Sensorimotor Control A General Model of Sensorimotor System Function 8.2 Sensorimotor Association Cortex Posterior Parietal Association Cortex Dorsolateral Prefrontal Association Cortex 8.3 Secondary Motor Cortex Identifying the Areas of Secondary Motor Cortex Mirror Neurons 8.4 Primary Motor Cortex Belle: The Monkey That Controlled a Robot with Her Mind 8.5 Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia Cerebellum Basal Ganglia 8.6 Descending Motor Pathways Dorsolateral Corticospinal Tract and Dorsolateral Corticorubrospinal Tract Ventromedial Corticospinal Tract and Ventromedial Cortico-brainstem-spinal Tract Comparison of the Two Dorsolateral Motor Pathways and the Two Ventromedial Motor Pathways 8.7 Sensorimotor Spinal Circuits Muscles Receptor Organs of Tendons and Muscles Stretch Reflex Withdrawal Reflex Reciprocal Innervation Recurrent Collateral Inhibition Walking: A Complex Sensorimotor Reflex 8.8 Central Sensorimotor Programs Central Sensorimotor Programs Are Capable of Motor Equivalence Sensory Information That Controls Central Sensorimotor Programs Is Not Necessarily Conscious Central Sensorimotor Programs Can Develop without Practice Practice Can Create Central Sensorimotor Programs Functional Brain Imaging of Sensorimotor Learning Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 9 Development of the Nervous System: From Fertilized Egg to You 9.1 Phases of Neurodevelopment Induction of the Neural Plate Neural Proliferation Migration and Aggregation Axon Growth and Synapse Formation Neuron Death and Synapse Rearrangement 9.2 Postnatal Cerebral Development in Human Infants Postnatal Growth of the Human Brain Development of the Prefrontal Cortex 9.3 Effects of Experience on the Early Development, Maintenance, and Reorganization of Neural Circuits Early Studies of Experience and Neurodevelopment: Deprivation and Enrichment Competitive Nature of Experience and Neurodevelopment: Ocular Dominance Columns Effects of Experience on Topographic Sensory Cortex Maps Experience Fine-Tunes Neurodevelopment 9.4 Neuroplasticity in Adults Neurogenesis in Adult Mammals Effects of Experience on the Reorganization of the Adult Cortex 9.5 Disorders of Neurodevelopment: Autism and Williams Syndrome Williams Syndrome Epilogue Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 10 Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity: Can the Brain Recover from Damage? 10.1 Causes of Brain Damage Brain Tumors Cerebrovascular Disorders: Strokes Closed-Head Injuries Infections of the Brain Neurotoxins Genetic Factors Programmed Cell Death 10.2 Neuropsychological Diseases Epilepsy Parkinson's Disease Huntington's Disease Multiple Sclerosis Alzheimer's Disease 10.3 Animal Models of Human Neuropsychological Diseases Kindling Model of Epilepsy Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease MPTP Model of Parkinson's Disease 10.4 Neuroplastic Responses to Nervous System Damage: Degeneration, Regeneration, Reorganization, and Recovery Neural Regeneration Neural Reorganization Recovery of Function after Brain Damage 10.5 Neuroplasticity and the Treatment of Nervous System Damage Reducing Brain Damage by Blocking Neurodegeneration Promoting Recovery from CNS Damage by Promoting Regeneration Promoting Recovery from CNS Damage by Neurotransplantation Promoting Recovery from CNS Damage by Rehabilitative Training Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 11 Learning, Memory, and Amnesia: How Your Brain Stores Information 11.1 Amnesic Effects of Bilateral Medial Temporal Lobectomy Formal Assessment of H.M.'s Anterograde Amnesia: Discovery of Unconscious Memories Three Major Scientific Contributions of H.M.'s Case Medial Temporal Lobe Amnesia Semantic and Episodic Memories 11.2 Amnesia of Korsakoff's Syndrome 11.3 Amnesia of Alzheimer's Disease 11.4 Amnesia after Concussion: Evidence for Consolidation Posttraumatic Amnesia Gradients of Retrograde Amnesia and Memory Consolidation Hippocampus and Consolidation Reconsolidation 11.5 Neuroanatomy of Object-Recognition Memory Monkey Model of Object-Recognition Amnesia: The Delayed Nonmatching-to-Sample Test Delayed Nonmatching-to-Sample Test for Rats Neuroanatomical Basis of the Object-Recognition Deficits Resulting from Medial Temporal Lobectomy 11.6 The Hippocampus and Memory for Spatial Location Hippocampal Lesions Disrupt the Performance of Spatial Tasks Hippocampal Place Cells Hippocampal and Entorhinal Grid Cells Comparative Studies of the Hippocampus and Spatial Memory Theories of Hippocampal Function 11.7 Where Are Memories Stored? Inferotemporal Cortex Amygdala Prefrontal Cortex Cerebellum and Striatum 11.8 Synaptic Mechanisms of Learning and Memory Long-Term Potentiation Induction of LTP: Learning Maintenance and Expression of LTP: Storage and Recall Variability of LTP 11.9 Conclusion: Biopsychology of Memory and You Infantile Amnesia Smart Drugs: Do They Work? Posttraumatic Amnesia and Episodic Memory Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 12 Hunger, Eating, and Health: Why Do Many People Eat Too Much? 12.1 Digestion, Energy Storage, and Energy Utilization Digestion Energy Storage in the Body Three Phases of Energy Metabolism 12.2 Theories of Hunger and Eating: Set Points versus Positive Incentives Set-Point Assumption Glucostatic and Lipostatic Set-Point Theories of Hunger and Eating Positive-Incentive Perspective 12.3 Factors That Determine What, When, and How Much We Eat Factors That Determine What We Eat Factors That Influence When We Eat Factors That Influence How Much We Eat 12.4 Physiological Research on Hunger and Satiety Role of Blood Glucose Levels in Hunger and Satiety Myth of Hypothalamic Hunger and Satiety Centers Role of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Satiety Hunger and Satiety Peptides 12.5 Body Weight Regulation: Set Points versus Settling Points Set-Point Assumptions about Body Weight and Eating Set Points and Settling Points in Weight Control 12.6 Human Obesity: Causes, Treatments, and Mechanisms Who Needs to Be Concerned about Obesity? Why Is There an Epidemic of Obesity? Why Do Some People Become Obese While Others Do Not? Why Are Weight-Loss Programs Typically Ineffective? Leptin and the Regulation of Body Fat Serotonergic Drugs and the Treatment of Obesity 12.7 Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa The Relation between Anorexia and Bulimia Anorexia and Positive Incentives Anorexia Nervosa: A Hypothesis Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 13 Hormones and Sex: What's Wrong with the Mamawawa? Men-Are-Men-and-Women-Are-Women Assumption Developmental and Activational Effects of Sex Hormones 13.1 Neuroendocrine System Glands Gonads Classes of Hormones Sex Steroids Hormones of the Pituitary Female Gonadal Hormone Levels Are Cyclic
• Male Gonadal Hormone Levels Are Steady Neural Control of the Pituitary Control of the Anterior and Posterior Pituitary by the Hypothalamus Discovery of Hypothalamic Releasing Hormones Regulation of Hormone Levels Pulsatile Hormone Release Summary Model of Gonadal Endocrine Regulation 13.2 Hormones and Sexual Development of the Body Fetal Hormones and Development of Reproductive Organs Puberty: Hormones and the Development of Secondary Sex Characteristics 13.3 Hormones and Sexual Development of Brain and Behavior Sex Differences in the Brain Perinatal Hormones and Behavioral Development 13.4 Three Cases of Exceptional Human Sexual Development Do the Exceptional Cases Prove the Rule? 13.5 Effects of Gonadal Hormones on Adults Male Reproduction-Related Behavior and Testosterone Female Reproduction-Related Behavior and Gonadal Hormones Anabolic Steroid Abuse Neuroprotective Effects of Estradiol 13.6 Neural Mechanisms of Sexual Behavior Structural Differences between the Male and Female Hypothalamus Hypothalamus and Male Sexual Behavior Hypothalamus and Female Sexual Behavior 13.7 Sexual Orientation and Sexual Identity Sexual Orientation and Genes Sexual Orientation and Early Hormones What Triggers the Development of Sexual Attraction? Is There a Difference in the Brains of Homosexuals and Heterosexuals? Independence of Sexual Orientation and Sexual Identity Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 14 Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms: How Much Do You Need to Sleep? 14.1 Stages of Sleep Four Stages of Sleep EEG REM Sleep and Dreaming Testing Common Beliefs about Dreaming Interpretation of Dreams 14.2 Why Do We Sleep, and Why Do We Sleep When We Do? Comparative Analysis of Sleep 14.3 Effects of Sleep Deprivation Interpretation of Sleep Deprivation: The Stress Problem Experimental Studies of Sleep Deprivation in Humans Sleep-Deprivation Studies with Laboratory Animals REM-Sleep Deprivation Sleep Deprivation Increases the Efficiency of Sleep 14.4 Circadian Sleep Cycles Free-Running Circadian Sleep-Wake Cycles Jet Lag and Shift Work A Circadian Clock Is in the Suprachiasmatic Nuclei Neural Mechanisms of Entrainment Genetics of Circadian Rhythms 14.5 Four Areas of the Brain Involved in Sleep Two Areas of the Hypothalamus Involved in Sleep Reticular Activating System and Sleep Reticular REM-Sleep Nuclei 14.6 Drugs That Affect Sleep Hypnotic Drugs Antihypnotic Drugs Melatonin 14.7 Sleep Disorders Insomnia Hypersomnia REM-Sleep-Related Disorders 14.8 Effects of Long-Term Sleep Reduction Differences Between Short and Long Sleepers Long-Term Reduction of Nightly Sleep Long-Term Sleep Reduction by Napping Effects of Shorter Sleep Times on Health Long-Term Sleep Reduction: A Personal Case Study Conclusion Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 15 Drug Addiction and the Brain's Reward Circuits: Chemicals That Harm with Pleasure 15.1 Basic Principles of Drug Action Drug Administration and Absorption Drug Penetration of the Central Nervous System Mechanisms of Drug Action Drug Metabolism and Elimination Drug Tolerance Drug Withdrawal Effects and Physical Dependence Addiction: What Is It? 15.2 Role of Learning in Drug Tolerance Contingent Drug Tolerance Conditioned Drug Tolerance Thinking about Drug Conditioning 15.3 Five Commonly Abused Drugs Tobacco Marijuana Cocaine and Other Stimulants The Opiates: Heroin and Morphine Comparison of the Hazards of Tobacco, Alcohol, Marijuana, Cocaine, and Heroin 15.4 Biopsychological Approaches to Theories of Addiction Physical-Dependence and Positive-Incentive Perspectives of Addiction From Pleasure to Compulsion: Incentive-Sensitization Theory Relapse and Its Causes 15.5 Intracranial Self-Stimulation and the Pleasure Centers of the Brain Fundamental Characteristics of Intracranial Self-Stimulation Mesotelencephalic Dopamine System and Intracranial Self-Stimulation 15.6 Early Studies of Brain Mechanisms of Addiction: Dopamine Two Key Methods for Measuring Drug-Produced Reinforcement in Laboratory Animals Early Evidence of the Involvement of Dopamine in Drug Addiction The Nucleus Accumbens and Drug Addiction Support for the Involvement of Dopamine in Addiction: Evidence from Imaging Human Brains Dopamine Release in the Nucleus Accumbens: What Is Its Function? 15.7 Current Approaches to Brain Mechanisms of Addiction Current Issues in Modern Addiction Research Brain Structures That Mediate Addiction: The Current View 15.8 A Noteworthy Case of Addiction Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 16 Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain: The Left Brain and the Right Brain of Language 16.1 Cerebral Lateralization of Function: Introduction Discovery of the Specific Contributions of Left-Hemisphere Damage to Aphasia and Apraxia Tests of Cerebral Lateralization Discovery of the Relation between Speech Laterality and Handedness Sex Differences in Brain Lateralization 16.2 The Split Brain Groundbreaking Experiment of Myers and Sperry Commissurotomy in Human Epileptics Evidence That the Hemispheres of Split-Brain Patients Can Function Independently Cross-Cuing Doing Two Things at Once The Z Lens Dual Mental Functioning and Conflict in Split-Brain Patients Independence of Split Hemispheres: Current Perspective 16.3 Differences between Left and Right Hemispheres Examples of Cerebral Lateralization of Function What Is Lateralized-Broad Clusters of Abilities or Individual Cognitive Processes? Anatomical Asymmetries of the Brain 16.4 Evolutionary Perspective of Cerebral Lateralization and Language Theories of the Evolution of Cerebral Lateralization When Did Cerebral Lateralization Evolve? What Are the Survival Advantages of Cerebral Lateralization? Evolution of Human Language 16.5 Cortical Localization of Language: Wernicke-Geschwind Model Historical Antecedents of the Wernicke-Geschwind Model The Wernicke-Geschwind Model 16.6 Wernicke-Geschwind Model: The Evidence Effects of Cortical Damage on Language Abilities Effects of Electrical Stimulation to the Cortex on Language Abilities Current Status of the Wernicke-Geschwind Model 16.7 Cognitive Neuroscience of Language Functional Brain Imaging and the Localization of Language 16.8 Cognitive Neuroscience of Dyslexia Developmental Dyslexia: Causes and Neural Mechanisms Developmental Dyslexia and Culture Cognitive Neuroscience of Deep and Surface Dyslexia Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 17 Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health: Fear, the Dark Side of Emotion 17.1 Biopsychology of Emotion: Introduction Early Landmarks in the Biopsychological Investigation of Emotion Emotions and the Autonomic Nervous System Emotions and Facial Expression 17.2 Fear, Defense, and Aggression Types of Aggressive and Defensive Behaviors Aggression and Testosterone 17.3 Neural Mechanisms of Fear Conditioning Amygdala and Fear Conditioning Contextual Fear Conditioning and the Hippocampus Amygdala Complex and Fear Conditioning 17.4 Stress and Health The Stress Response Animal Models of Stress Psychosomatic Disorders: The Case of Gastric Ulcers Psychoneuroimmunology: Stress, the Immune System, and the Brain Early Experience of Stress Stress and the Hippocampus 17.5 Brain Mechanisms of Human Emotion Cognitive Neuroscience of Emotion Amygdala and Human Emotion Medial Prefrontal Lobes and Human Emotion Lateralization of Emotion Individual Differences in the Neural Mechanisms of Emotion Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms Chapter 18 Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders: The Brain Unhinged 18.1 Schizophrenia What Is Schizophrenia? Causal Factors in Schizophrenia Discovery of the First Antischizophrenic Drugs Dopamine Theory of Schizophrenia Neural Basis of Schizophrenia: Limitations of the Dopamine Theory 18.2 Affective Disorders: Depression and Mania Major Categories of Affective Disorders Causal Factors in Affective Disorder. Discovery of Antidepressant Drugs Brain Pathology and Affective Disorders Theories of Depression Treatment of Depression with Brain Stimulation 18.3 Anxiety Disorders Five Classes of Anxiety Disorders Etiology of Anxiety Disorders Pharmacological Treatment of Anxiety Disorders Animal Models of Anxiety Neural Bases of Anxiety Disorders 18.4 Tourette Syndrome What Is Tourette Syndrome? Neuropathology of Tourette Syndrome Treatment of Tourette Syndrome 18.5 Clinical Trials: Development of New Psychotherapeutic Drugs Clinical Trials: The Three Phases Controversial Aspects of Clinical Trials Effectiveness of Clinical Trials Conclusion Themes Revisited Think about It Sample study questions Key Terms

by "Nielsen BookData"

Details

• NCID: BB0661846X
• ISBN:
  • 9780205030996
• LCCN: 2010038756
• Country Code: us
• Title Language Code: eng
• Text Language Code: eng
• Place of Publication: Boston ; Tokyo
• Pages/Volumes: xxiv, 584 p.
• Size: 28 cm
• Classification:
  • LCC : QP360
  • DC : ZPR756 .B006
  • NDLC : SC364
• Subject Headings:
  • LCSH : Psychobiology -- Textbooks