Freedom of choice : vouchers in American education

著者

    • Carl, Jim

書誌事項

Freedom of choice : vouchers in American education

Jim Carl

（Praeger series on American political culture / Jon L. Wakelyn and Michael J. Connolly, series editors）

Praeger, c2011

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注記

Includes bibliographical references (p. [235]-252) and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

This book reveals that, far from being the result of a groundswell of support for parental choice in American education, the origins of school vouchers are seated in identity politics, religious schooling, and educational entrepreneurship. Inserting much-needed historical context into the voucher debates, Freedom of Choice: Vouchers in American Education treats school vouchers as a series of social movements set within the context of evolving American conservatism. The study ranges from the use of tuition grants in the 1950s and early 1960s in the interest of fostering segregation to the wider acceptance of vouchers in the 1990s as a means of counteracting real and perceived shortcomings of urban public schools. The rise of school vouchers, author Jim Carl suggests, is best explained as a mechanism championed by four distinct groups-white supremacists in the South, supporters of parochial school in the North, minority advocates of community schools in the nation's big cities, and political conservatives of both major parties. Though freedom was the rallying cry, this book shows that voucher supporters had more specific goals: continued racial segregation of public education, tax support for parochial schools, aid to urban community schools, and opening up the public school sector to educational entrepreneurs.

目次

List of Tables List of Figures List of Maps Series Foreword Preface Chapter 1 Freedom Setting the Parameters Freedom to Choose The Federalist State Welfare State Contradiction Conservatism The Color of American Politics Plan of the Book Chapter 2 Tuition Grants The Legislative Backlash to Brown The 1960 School Crisis The Ninth Ward Elementary School Spread of Tuition Grants Legal Defense of Tuition Grants From Tuition Grants to Segregated Academies Chapter 3 Detour Right Turn at the Office of Economic Opportunity The Friedmanite Voucher The New Hampshire Context Yankee Democracy Aftermath of New Hampshire Vouchers Chapter 4 The Urban School Crisis Reverend Virgil Blum's Vouchers Crusade Public and Private Education in Milwaukee Responses to School Desegregation Independent Community Schools Black Political Power in Milwaukee Governor Tommy Thompson The Bradley Foundation Vouchers Come to Milwaukee Polly Williams and the Parental Choice Debate Chapter 5 The Church in the City Depression-era Vouchers Cleveland's Urban School Crisis School Desegregation and Resegregation Statehouse and City Hall Politics Cleveland Voucher Supporters The Church in the City The Governor and the Entrepreneur The Cleveland Scholarship and Tutoring Program Chapter 6 Fixing School Vouchers The Legal Challenges School Vouchers in Perspective Prospects for School Vouchers Notes Bibliography Index

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