Corrosion by carbon and nitrogen : metal dusting, carburisation and nitridation

Bibliographic Information

Corrosion by carbon and nitrogen : metal dusting, carburisation and nitridation

edited by H.J. Grabke and M. Schütze

(European Federation of Corrosion publications, no. 41)(Woodhead publishing in materials)

Woodhead Publishing , CRC Press, 2007

  • : Woodhead
  • : CRC

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Includes bibliographical references and index

Published for the European Federation of Corrosion by Woodhead Publishing and Maney Publishing on behalf of The Institute of Materials, Minerals & Mining --- t.p.

Description and Table of Contents

Volume

: CRC ISBN 9781420058949

Description

A valuable reference, this book reviews the factors affecting metal dusting and how it can be prevented in sectors such as the chemical and petrochemical industries and in the direct reduction of iron ores. It also considers the related corrosion phenomena of carburization and nitridation. After setting out the key processes involved in metal dusting, the book reviews how this corrosion process affects a range of metals such as iron and steel, as well as nickel-based and chromium-based high-temperature alloys. It covers the effects of particular gas mixtures on the corrosion process and on the use of coatings to prevent metal dusting. Processes involved in carburization and nitridation are also described and discussed.

Table of Contents

METAL DUSTING, H.J. Grabke Definition of Metal Dusting Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Gas-Metal Reactions Mechanisms of Metal Dusting Kinetics of Metal Wastage and Coking in Iron and Low Alloy Steels Metal Dusting of High Alloy Steels Metal Dusting of Ni-Base Alloys Protection Against Metal Dusting References THE METAL DUSTING CORROSION OF STEELS WITH VAYRING CONCENTRATIONS OF CHROMIUM, C.M. Chun and T.A. Ramanarayanan Introduction Experimental Approach Results Discussion Summary References MICROPROCESSORS OF METAL DUSTING ON IRON-NICKEL ALLOYS AND THEIR DEPENDENCE ON THE ALLOY COMPOSITION, E. Pippel, J. Woltersdorf, and H.J. Grabke Introduction Experimental Results Discussion Acknowledgements References METAL DUSTING BEHAVIOUR OF WELDED NI-BASE ALLOYS WITH DIFFERENT SURFACE FINISH, H.J. Grabke, E.M. Miller-Lorenz, and M. Zinke Introduction Experimental Results Conclusions References EFFECT OF H2S ON METAL DUSTING OF IRON, A. Schneider and H.J. Grabke Introduction Effect of H2S on Carburisation Kinetics and Graphite Formation Carbon Diffusion in Cementite and Haag Carbide Thermodynamics of Haag Carbine Formation Decomposition of Fe3C and Fe5C2 Iron Sulphide Formation in H2S Containing Atmospheres Practical Aspects of Sulpher Adsorption Acknowledgement References OCCURRENCE OF METAL DUSTING - REFERRING TO FAILURE CASES, H.J Grabke and M. Speigel Metal Duating - Present Knowledge Failure Cases Conclusions References PROTECTIVE BEHAVIOUR OF NEWLY DEVELOPED COATINGS AGAINST METAL DUSTING, C. Rosado and M. Schulze Introduction Experimental Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements References METAL DUSTING RESISTANCE OF HIGH CHROMIUM ALLOYS, H.J. Grabke and H.P. Marinz Introduction Experimental Results Discussion References STUDY OF THE METAL DUSTING BEHAVIOUR OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE ALLOYS, F. DiGabriele, J.R. Bernstein, Z. Liu, M.P. Jordan, and F.H. Stott Introduction Experimental Work Results Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements References METAL DUSTING OF FERRITIC FE-AL-M-C (M-TI,V,NB,TA) ALLOYS IN C)-H-2-H2O, A. Schneider and J. Zhang Introduction Experimental Thermodynamic Calculations Results Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements References a-FE LAYER FORMATION DURING METAL DUSTING OF IRON IN CO-H2-H2O GAS MIXTURES, J. Zhang, A. Schneider, and G, Inden Introduction Experimental Results Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements References COKE FORMATION DURING METAL DUSTING OF IRON IN CO-H2-H2O GAS WITH HIGH CO CONTENT, Z. Zhang, A. Schneider, and G. Inden Introduction Experimental Results Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements References MORPHOLOGIES AND MECHANISMS OF METAL DUSTING ON HIGH ALLOY STEELS, P. Szakalos Introduction Experimental Results Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements References FILAMENTOUS CARBON FORMATION CAUSED BY CATALYTIC METAL PARTICLES FROM IRON OXIDE, F. Bonnet, F. Ropital, Y. Berthier, and P. Marcus Introduction Thermodynamic Calculations Experimental Procedure Results Discussion Conclusion References TYPICAL FAILURES IN PYROLYSIS COILS FOR EHTYLENE CRACKING, D. Jakobi Introduction Damage Mechanisms Metallurgical Background of the Main Failure Mechanisms Process Technological Background Conclusions Acknowledgements References THERMODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS AND NUMERICAL MODELLING OF INTERNAL NITRIDATION OF NICKEL BASE ALLOYS, H.-J. Christ, S.-Y. Chang, and U. Krupp Introduction Experimental Procedures Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements References NITRIDATION IN NH3-H2-O-MIXTURES, H.J. GRABKE, S. Strauss, and D. Vogel Introduction Experimental Results Discussion Acknowledgements References
Volume

: Woodhead ISBN 9781845692322

Description

Metal dusting is a form of corrosion involving the disintegration of metals and alloys into a dust of graphite and metal particles when exposed to a carburizing atmosphere. This important book reviews the factors affecting metal dusting and how it can be prevented in sectors such as the chemical and petrochemical industries and in the direct reduction of iron ores. It also considers the related corrosion phenomena of carburization and nitridation.After an introductory chapter setting out the key processes involved in metal dusting, the book reviews how this corrosion process affects a range of metals such as iron and steel, as well as nickel-based and chromium-based high-temperature alloys. There are chapters on the effects of particular gas mixtures on the corrosion process and on the use of coatings to prevent metal dusting. Processes involved in carburization and nitridation are also described and discussed.With its distinguished editors and team of contributors, Corrosion by carbon and nitrogen is a valuable reference for all those concerned with understanding and preventing these corrosion processes in various industries.

Table of Contents

  • Metal dusting
  • The metal dusting corrosion of steels with varying concentrations of chromium
  • Microprocesses of metal dusting on iron-nickel alloys and their dependence on the alloy composition
  • Metal dusting behaviour of welded ni-base alloys with different surface finish
  • Effect of H2S on metal dusting of iron
  • Occurrence of metal dusting - referring to failure cases
  • Protective behaviour of newly developed coatings against metal dusting
  • Metal dusting resistance of high chromium alloys
  • Study of the metal dusting behaviour of high-temperature alloys
  • Metal dusting of ferritic Fe-Al-M-C (M = Ti, V, Nb, Ta) alloys in CO-H2-H2O gas mixtures at 650 DegreesC
  • a-Fe layer formation during metal dusting of iron in CO-H2-H2O gas mixtures
  • Coke formation during metal dusting of iron in CO-H2-H2O gas with high CO content
  • Morphologies and mechanisms of metal dusting on high alloy steels
  • Filamentous carbon formation caused by catalytic metal particles from iron oxide
  • Typical failures in pyrolysis coils for ethylene cracking
  • Thermodynamic characteristics and numerical modelling of internal nitridation of nickel base alloys
  • Nitridation in NH3-H2O-mixtures.

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