A history of violence : from the end of the Middle Ages to the present
著者
書誌事項
A history of violence : from the end of the Middle Ages to the present
Polity, c2012
- : hardcover
- : pbk
- タイトル別名
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Une histoire de la violence
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Violence is so much in the news today that we may find it hard to believe that it is less prevalent than it was in the past. But this is exactly what the distinguished historian Robert Muchembled argues in this major new work on the history of violence. He shows that brutality and homicide have been in decline since the thirteenth century. The thesis of a 'civilizing process', of a gradual taming, even sublimation, of violence, seems, therefore, to be well-founded.
How are we to explain this decline in public displays of aggression? What mechanisms have modernizing societies employed to repress and control violence? The increasingly strict social control of unmarried, male adolescents, together with the coercive education imposed on this age group, are central to Muchembled's explanation. Masculine violence gradually disappeared from public space, to become concentrated in the home. Meanwhile, a vast popular literature, precursor of the modern mass media, came to play a cathartic role: the duels of The Three Musketeers and the amazing exploits of Fantomas, as described in the new crime literature invented in the nineteenth century, now helped to purge the violent impulses.
And yet we seem, in the first few years of the twenty-first century, to be witnessing a resurgence of violence, especially among the youths of the inner cities. How should we understand this resurgence in relation to the long history of violence in the West?
目次
Chapter 1. What is violence?
Is violence innate?
Violence and manliness
Semen and blood: a history of honour
Chapter 2. Violence: seven centuries of spectacular decline
The reliability of the crime figures
Seven centuries of decline
The 'making' of young men
Chapter 3. The youth festivals of violence (thirteenth to seventeenth centuries)
A culture of violence
Violent festivities and brutal games
Youth violence
Chapter 4. The urban peace at the end of the Middle Ages
The pacificatory towns
Controlling the young
Violence costs dear
Chapter 5. Cain and Medea. Homicide and the construction of sexed genders (1500-1650)
A judicial revolution
In pursuit of the ungrateful son: the spread of the blood taboo
Medea, the guilty mother
Chapter 6. The noble duel and popular revolt. The metamorphoses of violence
The duel, a French exception
Noble youths sharpen their swords
Popular violence and the frustrations of youth
Chapter 7. Violence tamed (1650-1960)
Murder forbidden
The civilizing town
Violence and changing concepts of honour in the countryside
Chapter 8. Mortal thrills and crime fiction (sixteenth to twentieth centuries)
The devil, assuredly & The birth of the crime fiction
From blood-thirsty murderer to well-loved bandit
Blood and ink
Chapter 9. The return of the gangs. Contemporary adolescence and violence
Death in paradise
Juvenile delinquency
'Rebel without a cause', or 'eternal recurrence'
Is the end of violence possible?
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