Cultivating the masses : modern state practices and Soviet socialism, 1914-1939

著者

    • Hoffmann, David L.

書誌事項

Cultivating the masses : modern state practices and Soviet socialism, 1914-1939

David L. Hoffmann

Cornell University Press, 2011

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注記

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

Under Stalin's leadership, the Soviet government carried out a massive number of deportations, incarcerations, and executions. Paradoxically, at the very moment that Soviet authorities were killing thousands of individuals, they were also engaged in an enormous pronatalist campaign to boost the population. Even as the number of repressions grew exponentially, Communist Party leaders enacted sweeping social welfare and public health measures to safeguard people's well-being. Extensive state surveillance of the population went hand in hand with literacy campaigns, political education, and efforts to instill in people an appreciation of high culture. In Cultivating the Masses, David L. Hoffmann examines the Party leadership's pursuit of these seemingly contradictory policies in order to grasp fully the character of the Stalinist regime, a regime intent on transforming the socioeconomic order and the very nature of its citizens. To analyze Soviet social policies, Hoffmann places them in an international comparative context. He explains Soviet technologies of social intervention as one particular constellation of modern state practices. These practices developed in conjunction with the ambitions of nineteenth-century European reformers to refashion society, and they subsequently prompted welfare programs, public health initiatives, and reproductive regulations in countries around the world. The mobilizational demands of World War I impelled political leaders to expand even further their efforts at population management, via economic controls, surveillance, propaganda, and state violence. Born at this moment of total war, the Soviet system institutionalized these wartime methods as permanent features of governance. Party leaders, whose dictatorship included no checks on state power, in turn attached interventionist practices to their ideological goal of building socialism.

目次

Introduction 1. Social Welfare Cameralism, Social Science, and the Origins of Welfare The Social Realm in Russia Warfare and Welfare The Soviet Welfare State 2. Public Health Social Medicine and the State Social Hygiene Foreign Influences on Soviet Health Care Physical Culture and Its Militarization 3. Reproductive Policies Birthrates and National Power Contraception, Abortion, and Reproductive Health Promoting Motherhood and Family Eugenics Infant Care and Childraising 4. Surveillance and Propaganda Monitoring Popular Moods Wartime Propaganda Soviet Surveillance Political Enlightenment The New Soviet Person 5. State Violence Origins of Modern State Violence Internments, Deportations, and Genocide during the First World War The Russian Civil War and the 1920s Collectivization and Passportization The Mass Operations The National Operations Conclusion Archives Consulted Index

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