Informed by knowledge : expert performance in complex situations
著者
書誌事項
Informed by knowledge : expert performance in complex situations
（Expertise : research and applications）
Psychology Press, c2011
- : hardback
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注記
Based on presentations from the 8th International Conference on Naturalistic Decision Making
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
The focus of this book is on how experts adapt to complexity, synthesize and interpret information in context, and transform or "fuse" disparate items of information into coherent knowledge. The chapters examine these processes across experts (e.g. global leaders, individuals in extreme environments, managers, police officers, pilots, commanders, doctors, inventors), across contexts (e.g. space and space analogs, corporate organizations, command and control, crisis and crowd management, air traffic control, the operating room, product development), and for both individual and team performance. Successful information integration is a key factor in the success of diverse endeavors, including team attempts to climb Mt. Everest, crowd control in the Middle East, and remote drilling operations.
This volume is divided into four sections, each with a specific focus on an area of expert performance, resulting in a text that covers a wide range of useful information. These sections present well-researched discussions, such as: the management of complex situations in various fields and decision contexts; technological and training approaches to facilitate knowledge management by individual experts and expert teams; new or neglected perspectives in expert decision making; and the importance of 'modeling' expert performance through techniques and frameworks such as Cognitive Task Analysis, computational architectures based on the notion of causal belief mapping such as 'Convince Me,' or the data/frame model of sensemaking.
The volume provides essential reading for researchers and practitioners of Naturalistic Decision Making and those who study Expertise; Organizational and Cognitive Psychologists; and researchers and students in Business and Engineering.
目次
K.L. Mosier, U.M. Fischer, Introduction. Part 1. Managing Complexity: Discussions from Various Fields and Decision Contexts. J. Orasanu, P. Lieberman, Decision Making in Extreme Environments. J. Osland, Expert Cognition and Sense-Making in the Global Organization Leadership Context: A Case Study. H.A. Mieg, Focused Cognition: Information Integration and Complex Problem Solving by Top Inventors. S.J. Perry, R. Wears, Large Scale Coordination of Work: Coping with Complex Chaos within Healthcare. S.G. Hutchins, T. Kendall, The Role of Cognition in Team Collaboration during Complex Problem Solving. P. Badke-Schaub, Decision-Making Processes of Leaders in Product Development. W.R. Sieck, J.L. Smith, A. Grome, D.A. Rababy, Expert Cultural Sensemaking in the Management of Middle Eastern Crowds. P. Thunholm, Managing Complex Military Planning - Processes and Techniques Used by Experienced and Less Experienced Commanders. Part 2. Technological Support and Training for Knowledge Management. P.J. Smith, A.L. Spencer, C. Billings, The Design of a Distributed Work System to Support Adaptive Decision Making across Multiple Organizations. L.D. Strater et al., An Investigation of Technology-Mediated Ad Hoc Team Operations: Consideration of Consideration of Components of Team Situation Awareness. K. Lauche, P.S. Bayerl, Planning, Monitoring and Trouble-shooting: Decision Making in Distributed Drilling Operations. S.S. Kirschenbaum, Expertise in the Submarine Domain: The Impact of Explicit Display on the Interpretation of Uncertainty. L.A. Zimmerman, J.M. Sestokas, C.A. Burns, Using High Fidelity Computerized Training to Prepare Commanders for Operational Decision Making. Part 3. Commentary: Overlooked Issues in Expert Decision Making. D. Snowden, Naturalizing Sense-making. G. Klein, D. Snowden, C.L. Pin, Anticipatory Thinking. S. Fiore, M.A. Rosen, E. Salas, Uncertainty Management and Macrocognition in Teams: A Multi-disciplinary Review and Integration. L. Dibello, D. Lehmann, W. Missildine, How Do You Find an Expert? Identifying Blind Spots and Complex Mental Models among Key Organizational Decision Makers Using a Unique Profiling Tool. L. Alison, M. Eyre, M. Humann, Losing Sight of the 'Golden Mean': Accountogenic Decisions in U.K. Policing. Part 4. Outlook: New Methods and Approaches. L. Millitello, W. Wong, S.S. Kirschenbaum, E. Patterson, Systematizing Discovery in Cognitive Task Analysis. P. Falzer, Expertise in Assessing and Managing Risk of Violence: The Contribution of Naturalistic Decision Making. L. Stewart, C.O. Dominguez, L.W. Way, A Data/Frame Sensemaking Analysis of Operative Reports: Bile Duct Injuries Associated with Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. B.S. Caldwell, S.K. Garrett, Coordination of Event Detection and Task Management in Time-Critical Settings. C. McAndrew, J. Gore, "Convince Me..." An Inter-Disciplinary Study of NDM and Portfolio Managers. M.S. Cohen, Knowns, Known Unknowns, and Unknown Unknowns: Time and Uncertainty in Naturalistic Decision Making.
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