The Catholic calumet : colonial conversions in French and Indian North America

著者

    • Leavelle, Tracy Neal

書誌事項

The Catholic calumet : colonial conversions in French and Indian North America

Tracy Neal Leavelle

(Early American studies)

University of Pennsylvania Press, c2012

1st ed

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注記

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

In 1730 a delegation of Illinois Indians arrived in the French colonial capital of New Orleans. An Illinois leader presented two ceremonial pipes, or calumets, to the governor. One calumet represented the diplomatic alliance between the two men and the other symbolized their shared attachment to Catholicism. The priest who documented this exchange also reported with excitement how the Illinois recited prayers and sang hymns in their Native language, a display that astonished the residents of New Orleans. The "Catholic" calumet and the Native-language prayers and hymns were the product of long encounters between the Illinois and Jesuit missionaries, men who were themselves transformed by these sometimes intense spiritual experiences. The conversions of people, communities, and cultural practices that led to this dramatic episode all occurred in a rapidly evolving and always contested colonial context. In The Catholic Calumet, historian Tracy Neal Leavelle examines interactions between Jesuits and Algonquian-speaking peoples of the upper Great Lakes and Illinois country, including the Illinois and Ottawas, in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Leavelle abandons singular definitions of conversion that depend on the idealized elevation of colonial subjects from "savages" to "Christians" for more dynamic concepts that explain the changes that all participants experienced. A series of thematic chapters on topics such as myth and historical memory, understandings of human nature, the creation of colonial landscapes, translation of religious texts into Native languages, and the influence of gender and generational differences demonstrates that these encounters resulted in the emergence of complicated and unstable cross-cultural religious practices that opened new spaces for cultural creativity and mutual adaptation.

目次

Chapter 1. Spiritual Gifts: Conversion as Cross-Cultural Practice Chapter 2. Histories: Origins and Experience Chapter 3. Geographies: Moral Landscapes and Contested Spaces Chapter 4. Perceptions: Human (and Other-than-Human) Natures Chapter 5. Translations: Linguistic Exchange and Cultural Mediation Chapter 6. Turnings: Spiritual Transformations and the Search for Order Chapter 7. Generations: Gender and Power Chapter 8. Communities: Indigenous Christianities in the Eighteenth Century Appendix: A Note on Sources and Methods Notes Index Acknowledgments

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