Cultural revolt in a colonial society : the non-Brahman movement in Western India

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Cultural revolt in a colonial society : the non-Brahman movement in Western India

Gail Omvedt

Manohar Publisher & Distributors, 2011

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Note

Reprint. First published: Mumbai : Scientific Socialist Education Trust, 1976

Includes bibliographical references (p. [313]-321) and index

Revision of the author's thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, 1973

Description and Table of Contents

Description

The colonial period saw important social movements in India. Among the strongest of these was non-Brahman movement in Maharashtra. Its founder was a remarkable intellectual and social activist from the gardener (Mali) caste, Jotirao Phule (1827-90). His writings laid the foundations of the movement, and the Satyashodhak Samaj (Truthseekers Society) which he founded in 1873, became its primary radical organisation, lasting until the 1930s. Shahu Maharaj, the Maratha maharaja of Kolhapur, who turned against Brahmans because they considered him a shudra, and became radicalised from this, was a major patron. The heyday of the movement took place between 1910 and 1930, when the Satyashodhak Samaj carried the message of anti-caste anti-Brahmanism throughout Maharashtra; one of its offshoots was a strong peasant movement. In the 1920s a political party emerged, as did Dr B R Ambedkar's Dalit movement, which drew sustenance also from support of the non-Brahmans and patrons such as Shahu Maharaj. Young radicals such as Keshavrao Jedhe and Dinkarrao Javalkar challenged Brahman cultural dominance in Pune and intervened in the Brahman-dominated Communist movement in Mumbai. By the 1930s, however, the movement died away as the majority of its activists joined Congress. It has left a strong heritage, but the failure to really link nationalism with a strong anti-caste movement has left a heritage of continued and often unadmitted dominance of caste in Indian society today. This classic study on the non-Brahman movement in western India is invaluable for scholars of sociology, caste movements, Dalit studies and colonialism.

Table of Contents

  • Introduction
  • Caste in Traditional India
  • Maharashtra: The People & their History
  • The Development of Maharashtrian Class Structure, 1818-1931
  • Jotirao Phule & the Ideology of Social Revolution in India
  • Shahu Maharaj: Descendant of Shivaji, Protector of Non-Brahmans
  • The Satashodhak Samaj, 1873-1919
  • Caste Conferences, 1910-1930
  • Non-Brahmans Organize Politically
  • The Satyashodhak Samaj & Peasant Agitation
  • Non-Brahmans & Nationalists in Pune
  • Non-Brahmans & Communists in Mumbai
  • Conclusion
  • Bibliography
  • Index.

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