Enzymes involved in the metabolism of D-amino acids
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書誌事項
Enzymes involved in the metabolism of D-amino acids
（D-amino acids : practical methods and protocols, v.4）（Nova biomedical）
Nova Biomedical Books, c2009
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内容説明・目次
内容説明
D-Amino acids are stereoisomers or optical isomers of naturally occurring L-amino acids. D Amino acids and L-amino acids have almost the same physical and chemical properties. D-Amino acids have been considered to be unnatural substances that are produced only when we synthesize amino acids in laboratories or factories. Indeed, equal amounts of D-amino acids and L-amino acids (racemic mixture) are produced by chemical synthesis. Until recently, living organisms were thought to contain exclusively L-amino acids. Before the emergence of life, D- and L-amino acids should have existed on the primitive earth, because amino acids are considered to be produced under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure and lightning. It is an interesting and important question why D-amino acids were eliminated and organisms have evolved using only L-amino acids. This mystery has not been solved. D-Amino acids have been considered exceptional amino acids that exist only in prokaryotes and a part of lower organisms. However, the development and improvement of analytical instruments and methods have revealed that D-amino acids are present in organisms far more in the amount and extent than previously considered. It has become clear that D-amino acids are present in invertebrates and vertebrates including humans and that some of D-amino acids have important physiological functions. Biological systems for synthesis and degradation of D-amino acids have also been found. This volume is dedicated to analytical methods for the enzymes involved in the metabolism of D-Amino Acids.
目次
- Preface
- Purification of Alanine Racemase from Helicobacter pylori
- Disruption of Alanine Racemase Gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe
- Assay Method for Aspartate Racemase Activity by HPLC
- Serine Racemase of Silkworm, Bombyx mori
- Recombinant Serine Racemase Preparation
- D-Amino Acid Oxidase Activity Assays
- Histochemical Detection of D-Amino-Acid Oxidase Activity in Rat Brain
- Evaluation of Chiral Inversion of D-Amino Acid by Stable Isotope Methodology
- Engineering the Substrate Specificity of D-Amino Acid Oxidase by Rational & Directed Evolution Methods
- Transformation of Plants with D-Amino Acid Resistance Selectable Markers
- Screening for Mutant Mice Lacking D-Amino-Acid Oxidase Activity
- Astroglial Expression of D-Amino Acid Oxidase: Regional & Cell-Type Specific Expression
- D-Amino Acid Oxidase: A Versatile Tool to Study the Function of the Glial-Derived Neuromodulator D-Serine at Glutamatergic Synapses
- Resonance Raman Study on Charge-Transfer Complexes of Porcine D-Amino Acid Oxidase
- Immunodetection of D-Aspartate Oxidase
- High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of D-Aspartate Oxidase Activity in Rat Tissues
- Cloning of the Human Brain D-Aspartate Oxidase cDNA & its Expression in Escherichia coli
- Methods for N-Acyl-d-Amino Acid Amidohydrolase Research
- Activity Measurement of Hydantoin Racemase Enzyme: A Key for the Production of Optically Pure D-Amino Acids
- Enzymes Acting on D-Amino Acid Amides
- Activity on D-Tryptophan Attributable to Trivial Conformational Change of Trypotphanase in Highly Concentrated Ammonium Phosphate Solution
- Index.
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