Reconsidering Olmec visual culture : the unborn, women, and creation
著者
書誌事項
Reconsidering Olmec visual culture : the unborn, women, and creation
(The William & Bettye Nowlin series in art, history, and culture of the Western Hemisphere)
University of Texas Press, 2012
大学図書館所蔵 全1件
  青森
  岩手
  宮城
  秋田
  山形
  福島
  茨城
  栃木
  群馬
  埼玉
  千葉
  東京
  神奈川
  新潟
  富山
  石川
  福井
  山梨
  長野
  岐阜
  静岡
  愛知
  三重
  滋賀
  京都
  大阪
  兵庫
  奈良
  和歌山
  鳥取
  島根
  岡山
  広島
  山口
  徳島
  香川
  愛媛
  高知
  福岡
  佐賀
  長崎
  熊本
  大分
  宮崎
  鹿児島
  沖縄
  韓国
  中国
  タイ
  イギリス
  ドイツ
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  フランス
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. 309-325) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Recently, scholars of Olmec visual culture have identified symbols for umbilical cords, bundles, and cave-wombs, as well as a significant number of women portrayed on monuments and as figurines. In this groundbreaking study, Carolyn Tate demonstrates that these subjects were part of a major emphasis on gestational imagery in Formative Period Mesoamerica. In Reconsidering Olmec Visual Culture, she identifies the presence of women, human embryos, and fetuses in monuments and portable objects dating from 1400 to 400 BC and originating throughout much of Mesoamerica. This highly original study sheds new light on the prominent roles that women and gestational beings played in Early Formative societies, revealing female shamanic practices, the generative concepts that motivated caching and bundling, and the expression of feminine knowledge in the 260-day cycle and related divinatory and ritual activities.
Reconsidering Olmec Visual Culture is the first study that situates the unique hollow babies of Formative Mesoamerica within the context of prominent females and the prevalent imagery of gestation and birth. It is also the first major art historical study of La Venta and the first to identify Mesoamerica's earliest creation narrative. It provides a more nuanced understanding of how later societies, including Teotihuacan and West Mexico, as well as the Maya, either rejected certain Formative Period visual forms, rituals, social roles, and concepts or adopted and transformed them into the enduring themes of Mesoamerican symbol systems.
目次
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Rediscovering Women and Gestation in Olmec Visual Culture
A Cradle of Civilization
Mesoamerica and Its Visual Culture
Early Interpretations of the First Known Olmec Sculptures
New Questions in Olmec Studies
Is Gender or Gestation the Compelling Issue?
How the Book Develops: Content and Methodologies
Chapter 2. The Tale of the Were-Jaguar
The Birth of the Were-Jaguar
One Were-Jaguar or Many Deities?
The First Attempt to Slay the Were-Jaguar
The Were-Jaguar as a Shamanic Alter Ego
Monstrous Congenital Anomalies
Pantheons of Deities or Symbols of Vital Forces?
Shamanism in an Ecological Context
The Rebirth of the Maize Deity
Signs of Life
Chapter 3. The Sowing and Dawning of the Human-Maize Seed
Images of the Unborn
The Formative Mesoamerican Embryo and Its Matrix of Associations
Ethnographic Analogies
Hollow Babies
A Contemporary Baby in a Boat: Ninopa
Conclusions about Embryos, Fetuses, and Babies
Chapter 4. Tracking Gender, Gestation, and Narrativity Through the Early Formative
The Archaic Period, 10,000 to 2000 BC: The Beginning of Visual Symbols
The Initial Formative, circa 1900 to 1400 BC
Maize Technology I: Fermentation
Maize Technology II: Nixtamalization
The Early Formative, 1400-900 BC
Fluctuations in Visual Culture During the Initial and Early Formative Periods
Chapter 5. La Venta's Buried Offerings: Women and Other Revelations
Topography and Sources of Stone
Discovery, Excavation, and Chronology of La Venta
Surveying La Venta's Visual Culture Through Time
Women and the Unborn Return to Prominence
Chapter 6. Female Water and Earth Supernaturals: The Massive Offerings, Mosaic Pavements, and Mixe "Work of the Earth"
Why Construct Massive Offerings?
Mixe Beliefs in Earth, Water, and Thunder Supernormal Entities
La Venta's Mosaic Pavements
Offerings Inseminating the Flowering Earth
Massive Offerings: Contained Water
Mixe Healers, Midwives, and Rituals, and Their Olmec Antecedents
Female Shamans
The Mosaic Pavements as Conventionalized Symbols
Politics, Protection, and Healing
Chapter 7. A Processional Visual Narrative at La Venta
Previous Investigations of Olmec Creation Narratives
Patterns for the Distribution of Monumental Sculptures
A Processional Visual Narrative
Chapter 8. La Venta's Creation and Origins Narrative
An Approach to Visual Narratives from Preliterate Societies
The Narrative Stations
Station One: A Womb with Three Fetuses
Station Two: A Quincunx of Thrones
Station Three: The Dawning of Human-Maize
Station Four: The Female Sources of Life: Earth and Water
Station Five: The Bodiless Heads
Station Six: The Phallic Column
Inserting Politics into the Creation and Origins Narrative
Alternative Reading Orders
Conclusions and Questions
Chapter 9. A Scattering of Seeds
Assessing Arguments for Some Major Points
Modes of Communication
Where Did Olmec Ideas Go?
Asking and Answering the Fundamental Questions
Appendix 1. La Venta Monuments by Format
Appendix 2. Comparison of Mesoamerican Creation and Origins Narratives
Appendix 3. Shape-Shifters and Werewolves to Were-Jaguars: A Brief Chronology
Notes
Bibliography
Index
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