World politics in a new era
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World politics in a new era
Oxford University Press, c2012
5th ed
- : pbk
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Note
Includes bibliographical references (p. 616-646) and index
Description and Table of Contents
Description
Thoroughly updated in its fifth edition, World Politics in a New Era is a comprehensive and thought-provoking text for introductory courses on world politics. Reflecting the changes that have occurred worldwide since the collapse of the Berlin Wall--including recent upheavals in the financial sphere--the book integrates coverage of the competing threads of globalization and fragmentation, examining how they tangle and weave through studies of global politics, economics, and culture. World Politics in a New Era, Fifth Edition, provides a uniquely in-depth treatment of the field by introducing key contemporary issues with theory; supporting these issues with historical context; and giving students the analytical tools to apply the theories to current issues. It introduces the major theories used to explain international relations--realism, liberalism, constructivism, and a few select alternatives--in Chapter 2, providing students with a primer on the topic. Discussions of these theories are then incorporated into the narrative throughout the text, creating a useful framework for analysis.
Extensive historical coverage in four chapters (3-6) reviews key events in world politics from the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 to the present, offering students the best context to fully comprehend the modern political stage. Chapters 7-14 cover key topics in contemporary world politics: security, trade and investment, development, human and resource issues, global governance, and ethics.
FEATURES: * "At a Glance" text boxes apply the theories and levels of analysis--individual, domestic, and systemic--to each chapter's theme * "What Would You Do" boxes profile real-life events, asking students to play the role of a world leader/decision maker and propose a solution that takes into account the many complexities of world politics * "Spotlight" features in every chapter highlight interesting people, places, and situations; discuss important international events and colorful personalities in greater depth; or focus on specific facets of complex conflicts or theories NEW TO THIS EDITION: * Thoroughly updated to reflect the economic crisis, the changing security environment, data on issues in population, migration, and health, and more * Refines the discussion of constructivism, emphasizing that its significance equals that of realism and liberalism * Explains (in the four history chapters) how specific events were chosen for study and why history itself is important SUPPLEMENTS: * A Companion Website at www.oup.com/us/spiegel offers substantial review materials for students and password-protected resources for instructors * Instructor's Resource Manual with Test Bank * Computerized Test Bank * PowerPoint-based slides * Instructor's Resource CD including the Instructor's Resource Manual with Test Bank, the Computerized Test Bank, the PowerPoint-based slides, and graphics from the text
Table of Contents
- EACH CHAPTER ENDS WITH DISCUSSION AND REVIEW QUESTIONS AND KEY TERMS
- List of Maps
- Special Features
- Preface
- PART 1. FOUNDATIONS OF WORLD POLITICS
- CHAPTER 1. WORLD POLITICS: COMPLEXITY AND COMPETING PROCESSES
- CONFLICT AND COOPERATION
- GLOBALIZATION VERSUS FRAGMENTATION
- ANARCHY VERSUS ORDER
- CONCLUSION
- WHAT WOULD YOU DO? North Korea's Nuclear Test
- CHAPTER 2. THEORY AND WORLD POLITICS
- CLIMATE CHANGE
- LEVELS OF ANALYSIS
- Systemic Level of Analysis
- AT A GLANCE: The Prisoner's Dilemma Game
- Domestic Level of Analysis
- Individual Level of Analysis
- SPOTLIGHT: The Operational Code
- Levels of Analysis: Analytical Tools
- THEORETICAL PARADIGMS/WORLDVIEWS
- Realism
- Liberalism
- Constructivism
- Blurring the Lines
- Other Theoretical Paradigms/Worldviews
- SUMMARY AND PREVIEW
- AT A GLANCE: Levels of Analysis and Paradigms in Review: International Responses to Climate Change
- WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Drilling for Oil
- CHAPTER 3. WORLD POLITICS AND ECONOMICS: 1648-1945
- THIRTY YEARS' WAR AND THE PEACE OF WESTPHALIA
- EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY EUROPE
- Great Powers
- Aftermath of War and Two Revolutions
- AT A GLANCE: "World Wars" of the Eighteenth Century
- NAPOLEONIC ERA
- CONCERT OF EUROPE
- UNIFICATION OF ITALY AND GERMANY
- Italian Unification
- German Unification
- AT A GLANCE: The Wars of German Unification
- THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
- BRITISH ECONOMIC HEGEMONY AND ITS CHALLENGES
- BISMARCKIAN SYSTEM
- THE EVE OF WAR: PROTECTIONISM AND DISCORD
- THE WORLD WARS
- CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I
- AT A GLANCE: World War I and the Levels of Analysis
- Rise of Germany
- Alliance System
- Economic Change and Competition
- Nationalism
- Imperialism
- Cult of the Offensive
- CONSEQUENCES OF WORLD WAR I
- Russian Revolution
- Versailles Settlement
- WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Russia and the Path to War
- SPOTLIGHT: An Idealist at Versailles
- A Weak League and the Road to Another World War
- SPOTLIGHT: The Munich Analogy
- Economic Collapse and the Great Depression
- CAUSES OF WORLD WAR II
- AT A GLANCE: World War II and the Levels of Analysis
- CONSEQUENCES OF WORLD WAR II
- Uneasy Alliance
- The Holocaust
- Atomic Bomb
- CONCLUSION
- AT A GLANCE: Levels of Analysis and Paradigms in Review: Examples from 1648 to 1945
- CHAPTER 4. WORLD POLITICS AND ECONOMICS: THE COLD WAR
- WHO OR WHAT CAUSED THE COLD WAR?
- AT A GLANCE: The Origins of the Cold War and the Levels of Analysis
- It Was Moscow's Fault
- No, It Was Washington's Fault
- Ideological Conflict
- Leadership or the Lack Thereof
- One World Divided by Two Superpowers Equals Conflict
- It Was All a Misunderstanding
- HEATING UP THE COLD WAR
- Initial Confrontation: Iran
- The Iron Curtain Descends and Conflict Intensifies?
- Truman Doctrine
- Marshall Plan
- Berlin Blockade
- SPOTLIGHT: The Telegrams: Mr. X and Containment and the Novikov Telegram
- NATO and the Warsaw Pact
- TRANSFORMATION OF THE WORLD ECONOMY
- The Bretton Woods System
- THE COLD WAR IN ASIA
- NSC-68
- Korea: The Turning Point
- THE COLD WAR AND THE THIRD WORLD
- TROUBLE SPOTS: BERLIN AND CUBA
- JFK, Cold Warrior
- Berlin Wall
- Cuban Missile Crisis
- VIETNAM AND ITS CONSEQUENCES
- WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Soviet Missiles in Cuba
- THE APPARENT DECLINE OF U.S. ECONOMIC HEGEMONY
- DETENTE
- The Opening of China, the Moscow Summit, and SALT
- Tensions in Detente
- FROM DIALOGUE TO DISCORD
- The Invasion of Afghanistan
- The Reagan Doctrine
- WHY DID THE COLD WAR END?
- AT A GLANCE: The End of the Cold War and the Levels of Analysis
- The Gorbachev Factor
- Failure of Communism
- The End of the Evil Empire
- The End of Bipolarity
- CONCLUSION
- AT A GLANCE: Levels of Analysis and Paradigms in Review: Examples from the Cold War
- CHAPTER 5. IMPERIALISM AND ITS VICTIMS
- ORIGINS OF IMPERIALISM
- THE FIRST TRANSOCEANIC EMPIRES: SPAIN AND PORTUGAL
- Colonial Collusion: Dividing the World
- Spanish Colonial Administration
- Portuguese Colonialism
- Spanish-American Independence
- Independence from Portugal
- DUTCH EMPIRE
- ANGLO-FRENCH RIVALRY
- France's Bid for Empire
- BRITISH EMPIRE
- WHAT WOULD YOU DO? The Costs of Imperialism
- Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
- Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
- SPOTLIGHT: British India
- Twilight of Empire
- SPOTLIGHT: The Mahatma
- TWO GREAT CONTINENTAL EMPIRES: RUSSIA AND THE UNITED STATES
- The Russians
- Ninth through Eighteenth Centuries
- Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
- The Americans
- OTTOMAN EMPIRE
- Fourteenth through Eighteenth Centuries
- Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
- TOO LITTLE, TOO LATE: GERMAN AND JAPANESE EMPIRES
- DECLINE OF IMPERIALISM
- SOCIAL IMPACT OF IMPERIALISM
- North America
- The Caribbean
- Latin America
- Africa
- Asia
- The Pacific
- China and Japan
- ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF COLONIALISM
- Latin America, Africa, and the Pacific
- Asia
- Economic Consequences: An Assessment
- CULTURAL AND IDEOLOGICAL IMPACT OF COLONIALISM
- Colonialism and Culture
- Colonialism and Ideology
- CONCLUSION
- AT A GLANCE: Levels of Analysis and Paradigms in Review: Examples from Imperialism
- CHAPTER 6. GLOBALIZATION AND FRAGMENTATION IN THE NEW WORLD ORDER: 1991 TO THE PRESENT
- GLOBALIZATION AND FRAGMENTATION
- A NEW WORLD ORDER?
- War in the Gulf
- The European Union
- U.S. Economic Hegemony Endures
- Enduring Regional and Internal Conflicts: The Middle East, South Asia, and East Asia
- The Middle East
- AT A GLANCE: Arab-Israeli Confrontations
- South Asia
- The Korean Peninsula
- The People's Republic of China and Taiwan
- Collective Security
- SPOTLIGHT: Definitional Discord: Genocide and Ethnic Cleansing
- WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Genocide in Rwanda
- THE TERROR OF SEPTEMBER 11
- War in Iraq
- Terrorism Redux
- CONCLUSION
- AT A GLANCE: Levels of Analysis and Paradigms in Review: Examples from 1991 to the Present
- PART II. THE MAJOR ISSUES IN WORLD POLITICS
- CHAPTER 7. SECURITY THEORY AND PRACTICE
- THE MANY FACES OF SECURITY
- External and Internal Threats
- Subjective Versus Objective Aspects of Security
- Working Definition of Security
- SECURITY DILEMMA REVISITED
- SPOTLIGHT: Clausewitz on War and Politics
- MILITARY POWER
- Weapons of Mass Destruction
- Military Personnel
- Defense Expenditures
- Logistics and Power Projection
- Qualitative Factors: Equipment, Training, and Morale
- Soft Power
- STRATEGIES FOR SECURITY: DETERRENCE, DEFENSE, AND COMPELLENCE
- Deterrence
- Defense
- Compellence
- REQUIREMENTS FOR DETERRENCE
- Commitment
- Capability
- Credibility
- CRITICISMS OF DETERRENCE
- Defensive Weapons Systems
- TECHNOLOGY AND SECURITY
- Breakthroughs, Lead Times, and Cost
- SPOTLIGHT: Nukespeak
- The Offense/Defense Balance
- The Cutting Edge
- ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT
- Definitions
- Early Efforts at Disarmament
- Test Bans
- SALT, START, SORT, and New START
- Intermediate-Range and Tactical Nuclear Weapons
- Cooperative Threat Reduction
- Non-Proliferation Treaty
- Chemical Weapons, Biological Weapons, and Missiles
- Conventional Arms Control
- WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Nuclear Proliferation
- CONCLUSION
- AT A GLANCE: Levels of Analysis and Paradigms in Review: Security Examples
- CHAPTER 8. CONTEMPORARY SECURITY ISSUES
- PROLIFERATION
- SPOTLIGHT: Human Costs of Modern Conflict
- The Debate over Proliferation
- Command and Control
- Current Proliferation Concerns
- TERRORISM
- Contemporary Terrorism Around the World
- SPOTLIGHT: The Sheikh
- Categories of Terrorist Groups
- State-Sponsored Terrorism
- Nationalist Separatists
- Ideological Terrorism
- Religious Terrorism
- Terrorism and Weapons of Mass Destruction
- Combating International Terrorism
- WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Response to Terrorism
- ORGANIZED CRIME
- What Is Organized Crime?
- Transnational Organized Crime Activities
- The Globalization of Organized Crime
- SPOTLIGHT: The Red Mafiya Penalty Box and the NHL
- SPOTLIGHT: International Drug Trafficking
- Combating Organized Crime
- CONCLUSION
- AT A GLANCE: Levels of Analysis and Paradigms in Review: Contemporary Security Examples
- CHAPTER 9. WORLD POLITICS: TRADE AND INVESTMENT
- TRADE
- Ricardo's Model of Trade
- Trade Barriers
- Balance of Payments
- Money Makes the World Go Around
- Exchange Rates
- CAPITAL MARKETS AND INVESTMENT
- Capital Markets
- SPOTLIGHT: Day Traders Find New Outlet
- Foreign Direct Investment
- ECONOMIC POWER
- Trade and Industry
- Technology
- SPOTLIGHT: Technology Globalizes the Workforce
- ECONOMICS AS POLITICS
- Realism
- Liberalism
- AT A GLANCE: East African Countries Form a Common Market
- Hegemonic Stability Theory: Bridging the Liberal-Realist Divide
- Constructivism
- CONCLUSION
- AT A GLANCE: Levels of Analysis and Paradigms in Review: Trade and Investment
- WHAT WOULD YOU DO? The Sock Trade
- CHAPTER 10. WORLD POLITICS: DEVELOPMENT
- WHAT DEVELOPMENT MEANS
- HUMAN AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
- Development: A Holistic Approach 3
- SPOTLIGHT: Gender Inequalities Harm Well-Being, Hinder Development
- Civil Society and Development
- Modernization Theory
- Social Impact of Modernization
- Critiques of Modernization Theory
- POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT
- Requirements of Political Development
- Domestic: Political Culture
- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
- SPOTLIGHT: Tough Truths About Free Trade
- Systemic: Dependency Theory
- Primary Product Exports
- Unequal Terms of Trade
- Multinational Corporations
- Critiques of Dependency Theory
- Domestic: Economic Development Theories
- Import-Substitution Industrialization
- Export-Led Industrialization
- AT A GLANCE: Argentina
- Washington Consensus
- Systemic-Domestic
- Structural Adjustment Programs
- DEVELOPMENT TODAY
- Creating a New Paradigm
- Searching for Practical Solutions: Technology
- SPOTLIGHT: Invention and Innovation
- Searching for Practical Solutions: Microfinance
- Corruption Versus Courage
- WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Promoting Development
- CONCLUSION
- AT A GLANCE: Levels of Analysis and Paradigms in Review: Development
- CHAPTER 11. HUMAN ISSUES: DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS
- POPULATION
- Population Growth and Decline: Impact of Youth
- Bulges and Aging Populations
- Urbanization and Megacities
- International Responses to Population Dynamics: Importance of Family Planning
- The Abortion Debate
- MIGRATION
- Economic Migration
- Refugees
- Consequences of Migration
- International Solutions to Problems of Migration
- SPOTLIGHT: Human Trafficking
- HEALTH AND DISEASE
- The Global Health Picture
- Responses to Global Health Problems
- CONCLUSION
- WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Avian Flu
- AT A GLANCE: Levels of Analysis and Paradigms in Review: Demographic Issues
- CHAPTER 12. RESOURCE ISSUES
- THE ENVIRONMENT
- Deforestation
- Pollution
- SPOTLIGHT: Is the Earth Getting Warmer?
- International Cooperation for Saving the Environment
- A Green and Pleasant Globe?
- WATER
- Water Scarcity and the Potential for Conflict
- International Responses to the Need for Water
- Water's Future
- FOOD
- Feeding the World
- International Food Aid and Famine Relief Efforts
- ENERGY
- The Need for Energy
- Oil's Critical Role
- Energy Crises and Global Responses
- Coal and Natural Gas
- Renewable Energy
- WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Economic Growth Versus the
- Environment
- CONCLUSION
- AT A GLANCE: Levels of Analysis and Paradigms in Review: Resource Issues
- CHAPTER 13. GLOBAL GOVERNANCE: INTERNATIONAL LAW AND ORGANIZATIONS
- INTERNATIONAL LAW
- Sources of International Law
- Customary Practices
- SPOTLIGHT: The First International Lawyer
- Treaties
- Violation and Compliance
- Areas of International Law
- Human Rights Under International Law
- Can Human Rights Conventions Be Enforced
- Warfare and Aggression
- Effectiveness and Compliance: The Verdict on International Law
- INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
- International Governmental Organizations
- Security IGOS: The United Nations
- The United Nations Is Born
- The United Nations: Structure, Functions, and Politics
- General Assembly
- Security Council
- SPOTLIGHT: Conflict and Cooperation in the Security Council
- Secretariat and Secretary-General
- International Court of Justice
- Economic and Social Council
- UN Peacekeeping Missions: Expectations and Experience
- WHAT WOULD YOU DO? UN Peacekeeping
- United Nations' Effectiveness
- Economic IGOs
- The World Bank
- The International Monetary Fund
- The GATT and the World Trade Organization (WTO)
- The Bretton Woods Institutions into the Future
- Nongovernmental Organizations
- NGOs, Power, and Global Governance
- NGOs in Action
- CONCLUSION
- AT A GLANCE: Levels of Analysis and Paradigms in Review: Global Governance
- CHAPTER 14. WORLD POLITICS IN CONTEXT
- WHAT HAVE WE COVERED SO FAR?
- WHAT HAVE WE NOT YET COVERED?
- Ethics
- Ethics of War
- Ethics of Sovereignty and Positive Intervention
- Ethics of Peace and Reconciliation
- Ethics of Trade and Development
- Ethics of Competing Interests
- SPOTLIGHT: Bad Guys Make Even Worse Allies
- Relationship of World Politics to Other Subdisciplines of Political Science
- Foreign Policy
- Comparative Politics
- American Politics
- Political Theory
- THE FUTURE
- Realist Projection
- Liberal Projection
- Constructivist Projection
- CONCLUSION
- WHAT WOULD YOU DO? The Future of the UN
- Notes
- Glossary
- Bibliography
- Figure Sources
- Index
by "Nielsen BookData"
