A balanced introduction to computer science

著者

• Reed, David, Ph. D.

書誌事項

A balanced introduction to computer science

David Reed

Pearson, c2011

3rd ed, international ed

• : pbk

注記

Previous ed.: 2008

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

A Balanced Introduction to Computer Science, 3/e is ideal for Introduction to Computing and the Web courses in departments of Math and Computer Science. This thoughtfully written text uses the Internet as a central theme, studying its history, technology, and current use. Experimental problems use Web-based tools, enabling students to learn programming fundamentals by developing their own interactive Web pages with HTML and JavaScript. Integrating breadth-based and depth-based chapters, Reed covers a broad range of topics balanced with programming depth in a hands-on, tutorial style.

目次

Contents Preface xv 1 Computer Basics 1 What Is a Computer? 1 Hardware 3 Central Processing Unit (CPU) 4 Memory 6 Input/Output Devices (I/O) 8 Software 9 Operating Systems 10 Internet and the Web 12 Web Browsers and Servers 13 Web Addresses 14 Accessing Local Pages 15 Looking Ahead... 15 Chapter Summary 16 Review Questions 17 References 18 2 HTML and Web Pages 19 HTML Basics 20 HTML Tags 20 HTML Elements 21 Document Formatting 22 Text Spacing 22 Headings and Alignment 23 Font Formatting 25 Hypertext and Multimedia 27 Hyperlinks 27 Images 28 Lists 30 Formatting Lists 32 Tables 33 Table Borders 33 Table Alignment 34 Making Pages Publicly Viewable 36 Looking Ahead... 37 Chapter Summary 38 Supplemental Material and Exercises 39 3 The Internet and the Web 43 History of the Internet 44 ARPANet 44 Growth and Privatization 45 How the Internet Works 48 Distributed Network 48 Packet Switching 49 Internet Protocols: TCP/IP 50 Domain Names 50 History of the Web 52 Hypertext and the Web 52 Mainstream Adoption of the Web 53 Web Growth 54 How the Web Works 55 HTML 55 Web Protocol: HTTP 55 Caching 56 Looking Ahead... 56 Chapter Summary 57 Review Questions 58 Endnotes 59 References 59 4 JavaScript and Dynamic Web Pages 61 Dynamic Web Pages 62 HTML Event Handlers 62 The onclickEvent Handler 65 Interaction via Buttons 66 Input Buttons 66 Dynamic Text within a Page 69 Alert Windows 69 The innerHTMLAttribute 70 Example: Quotations Page 73 Looking Ahead... 75 Chapter Summary 75 Supplemental Material and Exercises 76 5 JavaScript and User Interaction 79 User Input via Text Boxes 79 The Text Box Element 80 Example: Form Letter Page 82 JavaScript Variables 83 Variables for Reusing Values 84 Example: Fill-in-the-Blank Story 85 Variables for Temporary Values 86 Web Pages That Compute 88 JavaScript Numbers and Expressions 88 Number Representation 90 Text Boxes and parseFloat91 Example: Grade Calculation 94 Programming Errors and Debugging 94 Looking Ahead... 95 Chapter Summary 95 Supplemental Material and Exercises 96 6 The History of Computers 100 Generation 0: Mechanical Computers (1642-1945) 101 Programmable Devices 102 Electromagnetic Relays 104 Generation 1: Vacuum Tubes (1945-1954) 105 Computing and World War II 106 The von Neumann Architecture 108 Generation 2: Transistors (1954-1963) 109 High-Level Programming Languages 110 Generation 3: Integrated Circuits (1963-1973) 110 Large Scale Integration 111 Computing for Businesses 111 Generation 4: VLSI (1973-1985) 112 The Personal Computer Revolution 112 Object-Oriented Programming 114 Generation 5: Parallel Processing & Networking (1985-????) 114 Looking Ahead... 115 Chapter Summary 115 Review Questions 116 Endnotes 118 References 118 7 Functions and Randomness 119 Predefined JavaScript Functions 119 Math Functions 120 Raising Numbers to a Power 123 Generating Random Numbers 123 Simple User-Defined Functions 125 Functions That Simplify 128 Randomness in a Page 129 Example: Simulated Dice 129 Example: Random Slide Show 130 Example: Random Banner Ads 131 Looking Ahead ... 133 Chapter Summary 133 Supplemental Material and Exercises 134 8 Algorithms and Programming Languages 136 Algorithms 137 Algorithms in the Real World 137 Designing and Analyzing Algorithms 138 An Alternative Algorithm 140 Algorithm Analysis 141 Big-Oh Notation 142 Algorithm Example: Searching a List 142 Sequential Search 142 Binary Search 143 Algorithm Analysis 144 Algorithm Example: Approximating a Square Root 144 Algorithm Analysis 146 Algorithms and Programming 146 Machine Languages 146 High-Level Languages 147 Program Translation 148 Interpreters and Compilers 150 Looking Ahead... 151 Chapter Summary 151 Review Questions 152 References 153 9 Abstraction and Libraries 155 The Structure of Functions 156 Local Variables 157 Functions with Inputs 159 Multiple Inputs 161 Functions That Return Values 162 Function Libraries 163 The random.jsLibrary 165 Looking Ahead ... 168 Chapter Summary 168 Supplemental Material and Exercises 169 10 Computer Science as a Discipline 174 Computer "Science" 175 Artificial Science 176 Computer Science Themes 176 Hardware 177 Software 177 Theory 178 Subfields of Computer Science 179 Algorithms and Data Structures 179 Architecture 182 Operating Systems and Networks 183 Software Engineering 185 Artificial Intelligence and Robotics 187 Bioinformatics 188 The Ethics of Computing 189 Looking Ahead... 190 Chapter Summary 191 Review Questions 192 Endnotes 193 References 194 11 Conditional Execution 195 If Statements 195 Boolean Tests 196 Nested If Statements 199 Cascading If-Else Statements 200 Example: Dice Simulations 201 Counters 201 Boolean Expressions 204 Example: Slot Machine 206 Looking Ahead... 209 Chapter Summary 209 Supplemental Material and Exercises 210 12 Data Representation 216 Analog vs. Digital 216 Binary Numbers 218 Representing Integers 219 Representing Real Numbers 220 Representing Characters and Strings 222 Representing Other Types of Data 223 Sounds 223 Images 225 Movies 227 How Computers Distinguish among Data Types 228 Looking Ahead... 229 Chapter Summary 230 Review Questions 230 References 232 13 Conditional Repetition 233 While Loops 234 Avoiding Redundancy 236 Example: Lottery Combinations 238 Counter-Driven Loops 240 Variables and Repetition 243 Example: Generating Hailstone Sequences 246 Looking Ahead... 247 Chapter Summary 248 Supplemental Material and Exercises 248 14 Inside the Computer-The von Neumann Architecture 253 CPU Subunits and Datapath 253 CPU Subunits 254 CPU Datapath Cycles 255 Datapath Simulator 255 CPU and Main Memory 257 Transferring Data to and from Main Memory 257 Datapath with Memory Simulator 258 Stored-Program Computer 260 Machine Languages 260 Control Unit 262 Stored-Program Computer Simulator 263 The Role of Input/Output Devices 267 Machine vs. Assembly Languages 268 Looking Ahead... 269 Chapter Summary 270 Review Questions 271 References 272 15 JavaScript Strings 273 Strings as Objects 273 Properties and Methods 274 Common String-Manipulation Methods 276 String Concatenation 277 Searching Strings 278 General Searches 279 String Manipulations and Repetition 280 Example: Recognizing Palindromes 282 Example: Substitution Ciphers 282 Encoding Messages 283 Decoding Messages 286 Looking Ahead... 287 Chapter Summary 288 Supplemental Material and Exercises 288 16 Inside the Computer-Transistors and Integrated Circuits 293 Electricity and Switches 294 Electricity Basics 294 Switches 294 Transistors 295 Transistors as Switches 296 From Transistors to Gates 297 Gates and Binary Logic 298 From Gates to Complex Circuits 300 Example: Designing Memory Circuitry 302 From Circuits to Microchips 303 The Integrated Circuit 303 Manufacturing Integrated Circuits 304 Packaging Microchips 305 Looking Ahead... 307 Chapter Summary 307 Review Questions 308 References 310 17 JavaScript Arrays 311 Arrays as Objects 312 Accessing Items in an Array 312 Assigning Items in an Array 313 From Strings to Arrays 315 The splitMethod for Strings 315 Example: Generating Acronyms 316 Arrays of Numbers 318 Example: Maintaining Dice Statistics (Approach 1) 321 Example: Maintaining Dice Statistics (Approach 2) 323 Example: ASCII Animations 324 Looking Ahead... 325 Chapter Summary 327 Supplemental Material and Exercises 328 18 Computers and Society 335 Positive Impact of Technology 335 Computers and Programs for Everyday Tasks 336 The Internet and Web as Information Sources 338 The Internet and Web as Communications Media 341 The Internet and Web for Commerce 342 Potential Dangers of Technology 344 Reliance on Complex Systems 344 Information Overload 345 Privacy and Security 346 The Digital Divide 347 Looking Beyond... 348 Chapter Summary 349 Review Questions 349 Endnotes 350 References 351 Appendix A: Browser Basics 352 Appendix B: Common Text Editors 358 Appendix C: HTML Reference 363 Appendix D: JavaScript Reference 366 Appendix E: random.jsLibrary 373 Appendix F: time.jsLibrary 374 Appendix G: arrays.jsLibrary 376 Index Trademark Information Photo Credits

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詳細情報

• NII書誌ID(NCID): BB13678188
• ISBN:
  • 9780132594448
• 出版国コード: us
• タイトル言語コード: eng
• 本文言語コード: eng
• 出版地: Boston, Mass.
• ページ数/冊数: 420 p.
• 大きさ: 26 cm
• 分類:
  • DC22 : 004
• 件名:
  • LCSH : Computer science
  • LCSH : Computer science -- Problems, exercises, etc