8th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems : 9-10 September 2013, City University London, UK
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8th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems : 9-10 September 2013, City University London, UK
Woodhead Pub., 2013
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"... the conference is conducted by the School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences at City University in conjunction with the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) ..."--Foreword
Includes bibliographical references and author index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This book contains the papers from the 2013 International Conference on Compressors and Their Systems, held from 9-10 September at City University London. The long-running conference series is the ultimate global forum for reviewing the latest developments and novel approaches in compressor research. High-quality technical papers are sourced from around the globe, covering technology development, operation, maintenance and reliability, safety and environmental impact, energy efficiency and carbon footprint, system integration and behaviour, upgrades and refurbishment, design and manufacture, education and professional development. All the papers are previously unpublished and constitute leading edge research.
目次
Dedication
Sponsors
Foreword
Keynote Papers
What does the future hold for compressor manufacturers?
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 TRENDS IN REFRIGERATION
3 ADDITIONAL CHALLENGES
4 ADDITIONAL OPPORTUNITIES
5 NEW TECHNOLOGIES
6 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE CHANGE
7 CONCLUSIONS
Recent research of novel compression concepts for vapor compression heat pumping, air conditioning and refrigeration systems
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 BOWTIE COMPRESSOR
3 ROTARY SPOOL COMPRESSOR
4 Z-COMPRESSOR
5 LINEAR COMPRESSOR
6 DIAPHRAGM COMPRESSOR
7 SUMMARY
Sliding vane rotary compressor technology and energy saving
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
1 SLIDING VANE COMPRESSOR TECHNOLOGY AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION
2 SLIDING VANE COMPRESSOR: PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
2 PREMIUM SECTORS OF SVRC
3 CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Compressor Systems
Experimental study of compressor operating characteristics and performance when using refrigerants R32, R1234yf, and two new low GWP developmental refrigerants as drop-in replacements for R410A
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4 CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Performance and suitability comparisons of some R22 possible substitute refrigerants
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 COMPARISONS OF DIRECT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
3 COMPARISONS OF COMPATIBILITY WITH EXISTING R22 SYSTEMS
4 COMPARISONS OF SYSTEM PERFORMANCES
5 CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Oil level measurement in oil-injected screw compressor packages used in the petroleum, petrochemical, refrigeration and fuel gas markets
ABSTRACT
1 OIL-INJECTED SCREW COMPRESSOR LUBRICATION OIL SYSTEM
2 LEVEL MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGIES
3 CONCLUSIONS
Simulation of a cold climate heat pump furnished with a scroll compressor with multiple vapor injection lines
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 COMPRESSOR ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION
3 CYCLE ANALYSIS
4 COMPRESSOR SIMULATION WITH ONE PAIR OF INJECTION PORTS
5 OPTIMIZATION OF VAPOR-INJECTED COMPRESSORS WITH ONE AND TWO INJECTION LINES
CONCLUSIONS
Compressor for exhaust treatment of non-road vehicles
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 COR (R) TECHNOLOGY
3 COR (R) COMPRESSOR
4 DEVELOPMENT OF PLASTIC ROTORS FOR THE COR (R) COMPRESSOR
5 CONCLUSION
6 OUTLOOK
Screw pulsation generation and control: a shock tube mechanism
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 SCREW PULSATION GENERATION MECHANISM: A SHOCK TUBE THEORY
3 PULSATION CONTROL: PULSATION TRAP METHOD
4 CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Numerical analysis of unsteady behaviour of a screw compressor plant system
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE SCREW COMPRESSOR PLANT
3 EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION OF THE RESULTS OBTAINED FROM THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL
4 PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE SIMULATED CASES
5 CONCLUSION
Optimization of integrated energy process in China industrial compressed air system
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 THEORETICAL ANALYSIS
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Investigation on working characteristics of micro compressed air energy storage system
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
3 THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS
4 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
5 CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Energy Efficiency
Compressor and system energy efficiency improvements through lubricant optimization
ABSTRACT
1 IMPORTANCE OF LUBRICANT OPTIMIZATION
2 EVALUATION OF LUBRICANT AND REFRIGERANT INTERACTIONS
3 LUBRICANT AND REFRIGERANT INTERACTION STUDIES
4 CONCLUSIONS
Energy saving in sliding vane rotary compressors
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 OIL INJECTION MODELING INSIDE THE VANE
3 EXPERIMENTAL ACTIVITY
4 RESULTS
5 CONCLUSIONS
Energy recovery using sliding vane rotary expanders
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
1 MODEL DESCRIPTION
2 EXPERIMENTAL SET UP
3 EXPERIMENTAL ACTIVITY
4 CONCLUSIONS
Screw Compressors
Calculation of discharge pressure pulsations of a screw compressor using the one-dimensional method of characteristics
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 MODELLING
3 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
5 CONCLUSIONS
Discussion of actual profile clearances' calculation method in rotary compressors in the absence of rotor timing units
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEM, CALCULATION PLAN
3 COORDINATES OF THE ROTOR PROFILE
4 DETERMINATION OF THE ANGULAR CLEARANCE BETWEEN THE ROTORS
5 DYNAMICS OF A FREE ROTOR AND POSSIBILITY OF ITS EXIT FROM DIRECT CONTACT WITH A MALE ROTOR
6 RESULTS
7 CONCLUSIONS
Theoretical analysis of loads on the gate rotor bearings in the single screw compressor
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 GEOMETRIC MODEL
3 FORCE ANALYSIS OF THE GATE ROTOR SHAFT BEARINGS
4 RESULT
5 CONCLUSION
Investigation of heat exchange in the working chamber of rotary compressors
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 ROTARY COMPRESSOR WITH EXTERNAL COMPRESSION (ROOTS TYPE)
3 ROTARY COMPRESSOR WITH INTERNAL COMPRESSION
4 RESULTS OF THE THERMOMETRY IN THE WORKING CAVITY OF ROTARY COMPRESSORS
5 METHOD OF DETERMINING HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT
6 GENERALIZATION OF THE HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT IN THE DIMENSIONLESS FORM
7 INFLUENCE OF HEAT EXCHANGE ON THE RESULTS OF MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION OF THE WORKING PROCESSES IN ROTARY COMPRESSORS
8 CONCLUSIONS
Experimental validation of a geometry model for twin screw machines
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 GEOMETRY MODEL
3 MODEL VERIFICATION
4 CONCLUSIONS AND FURTHER WORK
5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Thermodynamic simulation of multi-stage screw compressors using chamber-based screw model
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 MODELING OF SCREW COMPRESSORS
3 THERMODYNAMIC CALCULATIONS
4 SIMULATION TOOL
5 SIMULATION RESULTS
6 CONCLUSION
Effect of variable volume index on performance of single screw compressor
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 INTEGRATED PART LOAD VALUE (IPLV)
3 VARIABLE VOLUME INDEX (VI) SYSTEM
4 RESULTS
5 CONCLUSION
Investigations of deformation failure of the slide valve in single screw refrigeration compressors
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 MODELING
3 FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
4 CONCLUSIONS
Scroll Compressors
Assessment of reed valve dynamic behavior in a scroll compressor through visualization
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 METHODS
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4 CONCLUSIONS
5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Fatigue design and safety factor for scroll compressor wraps
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 FATIGUE ANALYSIS
3 MATERIAL: DUCTILE AND GREY CAST IRON
4 FRACTURE MECHANICS APPROACH
5 SIMULATION MODELS
6 RESULTS
7 FURTHER WORK
8 CONCLUSIONS
Simulation model to predict temperature distribution along scroll wraps
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 MATHEMATICAL MODEL
3 SOLUTION PROCEDURE
4 RESULTS
5 CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Oil flow at discharge valve in a scroll compressor
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 METHODS
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4 CONCLUSIONS
5 FUTURE WORK
6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Novel Compressors and Manufacturing Technologies
Analysis and development of a new compressor device based on the new finned piston
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
3 COMPRESSOR DESCRIPTION
4 EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE
5 COMPARISON AND CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Oil-flooded screw vacuum pumps with a novel flexible discharge port design
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 THE DESIGN OF SCREW VACUUM PUMP WITH FLEXIBLE DISCHARGE PORT
3 THE AVERAGE PRESSURE OF THE LAST CLOSED LOBE
4 MEASUREMENT RESULTS OF A SCREW VACUUM PUMP WITH THE FLEXIBLE DISCHARGE PORT AND DISCUSSIONS
5 CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Spool compressor tip seal design considerations
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 TIP SEAL BEHAVIOR
3 HYDRODYNAMIC ANALYSIS
4 DYNAMIC ANALYSIS
5 MODEL SOLUTION
6 MODEL RESULTS
7 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
8 CONCLUSION
9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Generating grinding in rotor production - KAPP rotor grinding machine RX 120
ABSTRACT
1 MANUFACTURING CHAIN OF SMALL ROTORS - STATE OF THE ART
2 FUNDAMENTALS OF GENERATING GRINDING
3 GENERATING GRINDING OF SCREW-TYPE COMPRESSOR ROTORS
4 PROCESS PERFORMANCE
5 MACHINE CONCEPT RX 120
6 INTEGRATED LOADING AND DEBURRING
4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Experimental study of noise and vibration reduction in a medium-size oil-flooded twin-screw compressor by the application of helix relief
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 TRANSMISSION ERROR SIMULATION
3 DESIGN OF RELIEF
4 NOISE TEST
5 CONCLUSIONS
Reciprocating Compressors
Survey of factors influencing reciprocating compressor efficiencies and discharge gas temperatures
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 ENERGY BALANCE, SPECIFIC ENTHALPIES AND TEMPERATURES
3 MATHEMATICAL MODELS TO SIMULATE COMPRESSOR OPERATION
4 IMPORTANCE OF CONSIDERING REAL GAS BEHAVIOUR
5 FACTORS INFLUENCING THE GAS FLOW RATE
6 CONCLUSION
An investigation of the heat transfer phenomena between the hermetic reciprocating compressor components
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES
3 ANALYTICAL MODELLING
4 RESULTS
5 CONCLUSION
6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Study of aerodynamic noise in hermetic refrigerator compressor
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION OF COMPRESSOR NOISE
2 SIMULATION OF WORKING PROCESS OF COMPRESSOR
3 CALCULATIONS AND ANALYSIS OF THE SUCTION NOISE
4 ANALYSIS OF MODIFIED MUFFLER
5 CONCLUSION
Expanders
Physics of a dry running unsynchronized twin screw expander
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 THE SCREW EXPANDER GL51.2-M
3 BASIS OF THE EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL INVESTIGATIONS
4 INVESTIGATION RESULTS
5 SUMMARY
3D CFD analysis of a twin screw expander
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 CFD ANALYSIS OF A TWIN SCREW EXPANDER
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4 CONCLUSION
Sizing models and performance analysis of volumetric expansion machines for waste heat recovery through organic Rankine cycles on passenger cars
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
1 STATE OF THE ART
2 EXPANDER MODELS
3 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
4 QUALITY OF THE ASSUMPTIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS
5 DECISION ARRAY
6 CONCLUSION
Simulation of expansion process in positive displacement expander
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 INTRODUCTION TO SUPERFRACTION
3 THERMODYNAMIC MODEL SPECIFICS OF THE EXPANSION PROCESS
4 PORT FLOW MODEL SPECIFICS
5 EXPANSION RPOCESS ANALYSIS EXAMPLE
6 CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Investigation on a scroll expander for waste heat recovery on internal combustion engines
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 MODELIZATION OF THE SCROLL EXPANDER
3 NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS
4 CONCLUSION
Turbo Machines
Oil-free centrifugal refrigeration compressors: from HFC134a to HFO1234ze(E)
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS AND THEIR OPERATING CONDITIONS
3 NEW REFRIGERANTS IN OIL-FREE COMPRESSORS
4 THE FIRST AIR-COOLED CHILLER WITH HFO1234ZE(E)
CONCLUSIONS
The application of the Universal Modeling Method to development of centrifugal compressor model stages
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
MODERNIZATION OF MODELING TECHNOLOGY
PLANT TEST PERFORMANCE CURVE MODELING
MODEL STAGES' PERFORMANCE CURVES DERIVED FROM TEST DATA
CONCLUSION
Flow and performance investigation of the specially designed channel diffuser of centrifugal compressor
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 DESIGN METHOD
3 APPLICATION OF THE DESIGN METHOD FOR THE CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR MODEL STAGE
4 EXPERIMENTAL FACILITY AND MEASUREMENTS
5 NUMERICAL SIMULATION
6 CONCLUSIONS
Investigation of gas flow with injection in vaneless diffuser of centrifugal compressor
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 MODEL DESCRIPTION AND ASSUMPTIONS
3 RESULTS OF CALCULATIONS
4 CONCLUSIONS
Experimental study of radial low specific speed turbocompressor running in reverse as turboexpander
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 MARKET RESEARCH
3 DESIGNS
4 EXPERIMENTAL RIG
5 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
6 POWER LOSS CALCULATIONS
7 CONCLUSIONS
Shape optimization of a centrifugal compressor impeller
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 OPTIMIZATION PROCEDURE
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
4 CONCLUSION
Centrifugal compressor efficiency types and rational application
ABSTRACT
EFFICIENCY FOR CALCULATION OF GAS PARAMETERS IN FLOW PATH ELEMENTS
POWER CONSUMPTION CALCULATION
COMPARISON OF COMPRESSORS AERODYNAMIC PERFECTNESS
LOSS ESTIMATION
CONCLUSION
Valves
Historic review of attempts to model valve dynamics
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 HISTORICAL RETROSPECT
3 ANALYSIS OF VALVE PLATE MOTION
4 THERE IS NO DANGER IN RESONANCE
5 CONCLUSIONS
Numerical analysis of seat impact of reed type valves
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 NUMERICAL MODEL
3 DIMENSIONLESS NUMBERS FOR VALVE IMPACT
4 RESULTS OF SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS
5 CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The improved valve assembly of swash plate compressor for vehicle air conditioning system
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 THE COMPRESSOR PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT DESIGN
3 THE TEST RESULTS OF IMPROVED VALVE ASSEMBLY
4 CONCLUSIONS
Transient and dynamic numerical simulation of the fluid flow through valves based on large eddy simulation models
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 MATHEMACIAL FORMULATION AND NUMERICAL METHOD
3 COMPUTATIONAL DOMAIN, MESH AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
4 NUMERICAL RESULTS
5 CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Use of computational fluid dynamics to develop improved one-dimensional thermodynamic analyses of refrigerant screw compressors
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 COMPARISON TO TESTS
3 FLOW THROUGH RADIAL GAPS BETWEEN ROTORS AND HOUSING
4 FLOW THROUGH BLOWHOLE
5 CONCLUDING REMARKS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
CFD grid generation and analysis of screw compressor with variable geometry rotors
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 GRID GENERATION FOR VARIABLE PITCH AND VARIABLE PROFILE SCREW ROTORS
3 CFD ANALYSIS
4 CONCLUSION
CFD modelling of scroll compressor intermediate discharge ports
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 SIMPLIFICATIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS
3 CFD MODEL
4 CALCULATIONS
5 RESULTS
6 CONCLUSIONS
7 FUTURE WORK
CFD analysis of pressure pulsation in screw compressors - Combine theory with practice
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF PRESSURE PULSATION
3 INFLUENCE OF THE MESHES IN CFD SIMULATION
4 MODELLING PULSATION IN SCREW COMPRESSORS
5 SIMULATION RESULTS
6 CONCLUSION
CFD analyses of a radial inflow turbine
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 CFD MODELLING
3 STEADY SIMULATIONS
4 UNSTEADY SIMULATIONS
5 CONCLUSION
Numerical and experimental investigation of the efficiency of vaned diffuser of centrifugal compressor
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION
GEOMETRY
COMPUTATIONAL GRID
ASSUMPTIONS
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
CONVERGENCE CRITERIA
COMPARISON OF RESULTS
VANED DIFFUSER EFFICIENCY
CONCLUSIONS
Simulation and validation of the compressor stage of a turbocharger using OpenFOAM
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 NUMERICAL SETUP
3 NASA CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR
4 COMPRESSOR SIDE OF A TURBOCHARGER
5 CONCLUSION
Influence of the suction arrangement and geometry of the inlet port on the performance of twin screw compressors
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 EXPERIMENTAL BACKGROUND
3 NUMERICAL MODELS
4 NUMERICAL RESULTS
CONCLUSIONS
Modelling
A new dynamic heat pump simulation model with variable speed compressors under frosting conditions
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 HEAT PUMP SIMULATION MODEL
3 FROSTING MODEL DEVELOPMENT
4 HEAT PUMP SIMULATION UNDER FROSTING CONDITION
5 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORKS
Developing simulation tools for design of low charge vapour compression refrigeration systems
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 DESIGN METHOD TO OPTIMIZE ROOM AIR CONDITIONER
3 HEAT EXCHANGER SIMULATION TOOL FOR 5 MM DIAMETER TUBES
4 SYSTEM SIMULATION TOOL FOR AIR CONDITIONER
5 VALIDATION FOR SIMULATION TOOLS
6 CONCLUSION
Modeling of small-size turbocharger compressors' performance curves
ABSTRACT
ANNOTATION
TEST METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS
MODELING METHOD
MODELING PROCESS AND RESULTS
CONCLUSION
Development of a generalized steady-state simulation framework for positive displacement compressors and expanders
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 COMPONENT MODELS
3 CYCLE SOLVER
4 OVERALL SOLVER
5 CONCLUSIONS
A parallel object oriented code framework for numerical simulation of reciprocating compressors - introduction of solid parts modeling
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 COMPRESSOR MODELING APPROACH
3 CASE DESCRIPTION
4 NUMERICAL RESULTS
5 CONCLUSIONS
Analysis of the basic geometrical parameters influence on the efficiency of the Roots-type compressor on the basis of thermodynamic processes simulation
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 GEOMETRICAL ANALYSIS
3 MATHEMATICAL MODEL
4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
5 CONCLUSIONS
A comprehensive simulation model of the dynamics of the revolving vane machine
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 GEOMETRICAL MODELS
3 DYNAMICS MODEL
4 THERMODYNAMICS MODEL
5 SIMULATION PROCEDURES
6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
7 CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Author Index
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