Blueprints for writing : building essays
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書誌事項
Blueprints for writing : building essays
Wadsworth Cengage Learning, c2014
1st ed
- : pbk
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Includes index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
BLUEPRINTS FOR WRITING: BUILDING ESSAYS demystifies the writing process by guiding you through each step of the essay plan, or blueprint. This text empowers you to write essays from the start, providing numerous practice exercises, activities, and prompts to help you along the way. BLUEPRINTS FOR WRITING focuses on the writing process in various modes of development, offering abundant student writing samples throughout, including more than thirty student essays. Part III includes four chapters on critical reading, providing close reading strategies and six professional readings, which are supplemented by more than twenty additional readings in an appendix. The text also includes comprehensive coverage of the most common grammar, punctuation, mechanics, and style issues that you will encounter. Coverage of incorporating research and practical writing are also included, complete with student samples that illustrate how writing is relevant to your academic, personal, and professional life.
目次
Preface.
PART I: THE WRITING PROCESS.
1. An Overview of the Writing Process.
The Writing Process: The Introduction. The Writing Process: The Body. The Writing Process: The Conclusion. The Writing Process: Proofreading and Editing. The Writing Process: Student Essays. Sample Essay Blueprint: College Success Skills." "Advantages of Speaking Spanish" by Janie DeAnda. "Chismville" by Ryan Watson. Your Turn. Photo Op.
2. The Thesis and Blueprint.
Writing the Thesis: An Overview. Writing the Thesis: Deciding on a Topic. Your Turn. Your Paper. Writing the Thesis: Developing the Critical Opinion. Your Turn. Your Paper. Building a Simple Blueprint: Overview. Building a Simple Blueprint: The "Why" Blueprint. Building a Simple Blueprint: The "How" Blueprint. Building a Simple Blueprint: The "When" Blueprint. Building a Simple Blueprint: The "What" Blueprint. Putting the Thesis and Simple Blueprint Together: Forms of the Thesis and Simple Blueprint. Putting the Thesis and Simple Blueprint Together: Making Sure Your Simple Blueprint Is Parallel. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Your Paper. Photo Op. Essay Blueprint.
3. The Topic Sentence.
The Topic Sentence: An Overview. Using Appropriate Transitions. Adding a Reminder of the Critical Opinion. Your Turn. Presenting the Point from the Simple Blueprint. Putting It All Together. Your Paper. Photo Op.
4. Supporting Your Points.
Types of Support: An Overview. Types of Support: Brief Examples. Types of Support: Narrative Examples. Types of Support: Statistics. Types of Support: Quotations. Types of Support: Combining Different Types of Support. Putting It All Together. Planning the Support for Your Essay. Your Paper. Photo Op.
5. Coherence.
Coherence: An Overview. Detailed Support. Your Turn. Your Turn. Transitions. Your Turn. Reminders. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Your Paper. Photo Op.
6. Unity.
Unity: An Overview. Problems within Paragraphs. Your Turn. Problems within Essays. Your Turn. Your Paper. Photo Op.
7. The Introduction: The Icing on the Cake.
The Introduction: An Overview. Narrative Examples as Motivators. Related Quotations as Motivators. Startling Statistics as Motivators. Interesting Facts as Motivators. Straw Men as Motivators. Transitioning from Your Motivator to Your Thesis and Simple Blueprint. Putting It All Together. Your Paper. Photo Op.
8. The Conclusion: Wrapping It Up.
The Conclusion: An Overview. The Reworded Thesis. The Clincher. Putting It All Together. Your Paper. Photo Op.
9. Proofreading and Editing.
Proofreading and Editing: An Overview. Proofreading: An Overview and Tips. Editing: An Overview, Tips, and Examples. "Advantages of Learning to Manage Time" First Draft: Reading for Content Errors. Second Draft: Reading for Grammar and Punctuation Errors. Final Draft with Edits. "Media's Representation of Skateboarding" First Draft: Reading for Content Errors. Second Draft: Reading for Grammar and Punctuation Errors. Final Draft with Edits. Your Turn. Your Paper. Photo Op.
PART II: THE MODES OF WRITING.
10. Narration.
Narration: An Overview. Narrative Paragraphs: Writing a Topic Sentence. Your Turn. Narrative Paragraphs: Writing in Chronological Order and Using Appropriate Transitions. Your Turn. Narrative Paragraphs: Maintaining a Consistent Point of View. Your Turn. Narrative Paragraphs: Using a Consistent Verb Tense. Your Turn. Narrative Essays: The Writing Process. Essay Blueprint. Narrative Essays: The Body. Student Essay: "Handkerchief Anyone?" by Kevan Mathis. Narrative Essays: The Introduction. Narrative Essays: The Conclusion. Narrative Essays: More Student Essays. "Economic Slump I Believe It!" by Miles Maxson. "A 'Nugget' of Wisdom" by Georgina Harguey. Your Paper. Photo Op.
11. Description.
Description: An Overview. Descriptive Paragraphs: Creating a Dominant Point. Your Turn. Descriptive Paragraphs: Using Vivid Details. Your Turn. Descriptive Paragraphs: Using a Logical Arrangement. Your Turn. Descriptive Essays: The Writing Process. Essay Blueprint. Descriptive Essays: The Body. Student Essay: "Unplanned Pregnancy" by Jo Woodell. Descriptive Essays: The Introduction. Descriptive Essays: The Conclusion. Descriptive Essays: More Student Essays. "Playing in Jacksonville" by Ryan Watson. "The Neighbors" by Taylor Thorn. Your Paper. Photo Op.
12. Illustration.
Illustration: An Overview. Illustration Paragraphs: Writing a Topic Sentence. Your Turn. Illustration Paragraphs: Developing Vivid Examples. Your Turn. Illustration Paragraphs: Using a Logical Arrangement. Saving the Strongest Point for Last. Stating Points in Chronological Order. Starting with the Most Familiar Examples. Illustration Paragraphs: Using Appropriate Transitions. Your Turn. Illustration Essays: The Writing Process. Essay Blueprint. Illustration Essays: The Body. Student Essay: "The Green Revolution" by Jim Ironbird. Illustration Essays: The Introduction. Illustration Essays: The Conclusion. Illustration Essays: More Student Essays. "Being My Own Boss" by Brenda Amerson. "Creating Culture" by Spencer Leslie. Your Paper. Photo Op.
13. Process.
Process: An Overview. Process Paragraphs: Writing a Topic Sentence. Your Turn. Process Paragraphs: Maintaining a Consistent Point of View. Second-Person Process Paragraph. First-Person Process Paragraph. Third-Person Process Paragraph. Your Turn. Process Paragraphs: Listing Steps in Chronological Order and Using Appropriate Transitions. Your Turn. Process Essays: The Writing Process. Essay Blueprint. Process Essays: The Body. Student Essay: "Sugar and Spice" by Barbara Taylor. Process Essays: The Introduction. Process Essays: The Conclusion. Process Essays: More Student Essays "An Heirloom Doll" by Millicent Long. "British Football" by Witt Tyler. Your Paper. Photo Op.
14. Definition.
Definition: An Overview. Definition Paragraphs: Writing a Topic Sentence. Your Turn. Definition Paragraphs: Defining with Examples. Your Turn. Definition Paragraphs: Using Appropriate Transitions. Your Turn. Definition Essays: The Writing Process. Essay Blueprint. Definition Essays: The Body. Student Essay: "Waves of Ska" by Justin Sharpe. Definition Essays: The Introduction. Definition Essays: The Conclusion. Definition Essays: More Student Essays. "Straight Edge" by Mike MacKaye. "Fair Trade" by Carol Weasley. Your Paper. Photo Op.
15. Comparison/Contrast.
Comparison/Contrast: An Overview. Comparison/Contrast Paragraphs: Writing a Topic Sentence. Your Turn. Comparison/Contrast Paragraphs: Organizing Point-by-Point or Subject-by-Subject. Point-by-Point. Subject-by-Subject. Your Turn. Comparison/Contrast Paragraphs: Using Appropriate Transitions. Your Turn. Comparison/Contrast Essays: The Writing Process. Essay Blueprint. Comparison/Contrast Essays: The Body. Student Essay: "America: A Blend of Capitalism and Socialism" by Cole Davis. Comparison/Contrast Essays: The Introduction. Comparison/Contrast Essays: The Conclusion. Comparison/Contrast Essays: More Student Essays. "Regional Differences between Neighboring States" by Chase Underwood. "Cats vs. Dogs" by Roger Miret. Your Paper. Photo Op.
16. Cause/Effect.
Cause/Effect: An Overview. Cause/Effect Paragraphs: Writing a Topic Sentence. Cause Paragraphs. Effect Paragraphs. Your Turn. Cause/Effect Paragraphs: Organizing Your Support. Chronologically. Order of Importance. Geographically. Categorically. Your Turn. Cause/Effect Paragraphs: Using Appropriate Transitions. Your Turn. Cause/Effect Essays: The Writing Process. Essay Blueprint. Cause/Effect Essays: The Body. Student Essay: "Everyone Deserves a Chance" by Matthew Shwarzer. Cause/Effect Essays: The Introduction. Cause/Effect Essays: The Conclusion. Cause/Effect Essays: More Student Essays. "Being on Time" by Todd Cadwaller. "Shameful Effects of Economic Policies" by Leah Jackson. Your Paper. Photo Op.
17. Classification.
Classification: An Overview. Classification Paragraphs: Writing a Topic Sentence. Your Turn. Classification Paragraphs: Choosing Your Subtopics. Your Turn. Classification Paragraphs: Checking Your Classification for Exceptions or Areas of Overlap. Your Turn. Classification Paragraphs: Using Vivid Support. Your Turn. Classification Paragraphs: Using Appropriate Transitions. Your Turn. Classification Essays: The Writing Process. Essay Blueprint. Classification Essays: The Body. Student Essay: "Socializing in the Modern World" by Carissa Bartlett. Classification Essays: The Introduction. Classification Essays: The Conclusion. Classification Essays: More Student Essays. "The Horror of It All" by Paul Basque. "Christianity Divided" by Joel Copeland. Your Paper. Photo Op.
18. Persuasion.
Persuasion: An Overview. Persuasive Paragraphs: Choosing a Controversial Topic. Your Turn. Persuasive Paragraphs: Developing a Critical Position and Writing a Topic Sentence. Your Turn. Persuasive Paragraphs: Creating an Argument. Considering the Other Side of the Story. Presenting Effective Support. Avoiding Circular Reasoning. Arranging Support Well. Your Turn. Persuasive Paragraphs: Using Appropriate Language. Your Turn. Persuasive Essays: The Writing Process. Essay Blueprint. Persuasive Essays: The Body. Student Essay: "Don't Throw It Away" by Lisa Deerefield. Persuasive Essays: The Introduction. Persuasive Essays: The Conclusion. Persuasive Essays: More Student Essays. "Frost's 'Mending Wall'" by Daniel Potter. "Savings" by Ashley Woodruff. Your Paper. Photo Op.
PART III: CRITICAL READING AND DEALING WITH WRITING PROMPTS.
19. Reading Critically and Responding to a Writing Prompt.
Reading Critically: An Overview. Reading Critically: Determining What to Mark. Reading Critically: An Example of Marking a Text. Marie Winn, "Television Addiction." Your Turn. Anna Quindlen, "Sex Ed." Responding to a Writing Prompt: Formulating a Thesis and Simple Blueprint. Your Turn. Your Paper. Photo Op.
20. Planning and Writing Your Response to a Professional Essay.
Reading and Responding: A Review. Planning and Writing: An Overview. Your Turn. Amitai Etzioni, "Parenting as an Industry." Planning and Responding to a Writing Prompt. Essay Blueprint. Writing the First Body Paragraph: Weaving in Quotations and Paraphrases. Your Turn. Your Paper. Photo Op.
21. Drawing from Two Sources.
Two Sources: An Overview. Deborah Tannen, "Sex, Lies and Conversation: Why Is It So Hard for Men and Women to Talk to Each Other?" John Gray, "Speaking Different Languages." Writing about Two Sources. Essay Blueprint. Your Paper. Writing Prompts. Photo Op.
22. Writing about a Complex Reading.
King's Letter: An Overview. The Letter to which King Is Responding. King's Response. Martin Luther King, Jr., "Letter from Birmingham Jail." Writing about King's Essay. Student Essay: "King's Letter" by Ethan Courter. Your Paper. Writing Prompts. Photo Op.
PART IV: THE PARTS OF SPEECH.
23. Nouns and Pronouns.
Nouns: An Overview. How Nouns Function. Subject of a Sentence. Your Turn. Direct Object. Your Turn. Indirect Object. Your Turn. Predicate Nominative. Your Turn. Object of the Preposition. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Types of Nouns. Common Nouns. Your Turn. Proper Nouns. Your Turn. Collective Nouns. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Pronouns: An Overview. How Pronouns Function. Types of Pronouns. Personal Pronouns. Indefinite Pronouns. Demonstrative Pronouns. Reflexive Pronouns. Intensive Pronouns. Interrogative Pronouns. Reciprocal Pronouns. Relative Pronouns. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
24. Verbs.
Verbs: An Overview. Action Verbs: Transitive and Intransitive. Your Turn. Linking Verbs. Your Turn. Helping Verbs. Your Turn. Verb Tense. Simple Verb Tense. Your Turn. Perfect Verb Tense. Your Turn. Progressive Verb Tense. Your Turn. Perfect Progressive Verb Tense. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Active and Passive Voice. Your Turn. Mood. Indicative. Imperative. Subjunctive. Your Turn. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
25. Adjectives and Adverbs.
Adjectives and Adverbs: An Overview. Types of Adjectives. Descriptive Adjectives. Your Turn. Limiting Adjectives. Putting It All Together. Identifying Adverbs That Modify Verbs, Adjectives, and Other Adverbs. Your Turn. Identifying Adverbs That Modify Sentences. Comparative and Superlative Adverbs. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Adjectives and Adverbs: Being Careful to Use the Correct Word. Your Turn. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
26. Prepositions.
Prepositions: An Overview. Recognizing Common Prepositions. Recognizing Prepositional Phrases. Your Turn. Recognizing Prepositional Phrases Functioning as Adjectives. Your Turn. Recognizing Prepositional Phrases Functioning as Adverbs. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Prepositions: Avoiding Pitfalls. Your Turn. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
27. Verbals and Verbal Phrases.
Verbals: An Overview. Gerunds and Gerund Phrases. Your Turn. Participles and Participial Phrases. Your Turn. Infinitives and Infinitive Phrases. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
28. Clauses.
Clauses: An Overview. Independent Clauses. Your Turn. Dependent Clauses. Noun Clauses. Your Turn. Adjective Clauses. Your Turn. Adverb Clauses. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
PART V: COMMON GRAMMATICAL AND USAGE ERRORS.
29. Subject/Verb Agreement.
Subject/Verb Agreement: An Overview. Determining Singular and Plural Subjects and Verbs. Your Turn. Determining When the Subject and Verb Are Not Together. Your Turn. Determining Compound and Alternative Subjects. Your Turn. Determining When Collective Nouns Are Singular or Plural. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
30. Fragments.
Fragments: An Overview. Fragments Created by Subjects without Predicates and by Predicates without Subjects. Your Turn. Fragments Created by _-ing_ Word Groups. Your Turn. Fragments Created by Dependent Clauses Standing Alone. Your Turn. Fragments Created by Appositives Standing Alone. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
31. Run-On Sentences.
Run-On Sentences: An Overview. Fused Sentences. Correction by Using a Period or a Semicolon. Correction by Using a Period or a Semicolon and a Conjunctive Adverb. Correction by Subordinating One of the Independent Clauses. Correction by Using a Comma and a Coordinating Conjunction. Your Turn. Comma Splices. Correction by Using a Period or a Semicolon. Correction by Using a Period or a Semicolon and a Conjunctive Adverb. Correction by Subordinating One of the Independent Clauses. Correction by Using a Comma and a Coordinating Conjunction. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
32. Pronoun Case, Agreement, and Reference.
Pronoun Use: An Overview. Determining Pronoun Case. Your Turn. Making Sure Each Pronoun Agrees with Its Antecedent. Your Turn. Eliminating Unnecessary Pronouns. Your Turn. Avoiding Vague Pronoun Reference. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
33. Parallelism.
Parallelism: An Overview. Recognizing Parallel Thoughts. Your Turn. Using Parallel Forms with Coordinating Conjunctions. Your Turn. Using Parallel Forms with Correlative Conjunctions. Your Turn. Using Parallel Forms with Parallel Groups of Words. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
PART VI: PUNCTUATION, MECHANICS, AND SPELLING ISSUES.
34. Commas.
Commas: An Overview. Using Commas to Separate Coordinate Adjectives. Your Turn. Using Commas to Set Off Nonrestrictive Elements. Your Turn. Using Commas to Separate Independent Clauses Joined by a Coordinating Conjunction. Your Turn. Using Commas to Separate Items in a Series. Your Turn. Using Commas to Set Off Transitional Conjunctive Adverbs. Your Turn. Using Commas to Set Off Introductory Phrases or Clauses. Your Turn. Using Commas to Set Off Participial Phrases. Your Turn. Using Commas to Set Off Contrasts. Your Turn. Using Commas to Set Off Interjections, Nouns of Direct Address, and Addresses. Interjections. Nouns of Direct Address. Addresses. Your Turn. Using Commas in Direct Quotations. Your Turn. Using Commas to Prevent Misreading. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
35. Semicolons and Colons.
Semicolons and Colons: An Overview. Semicolons. Your Turn. Colons. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
36. Apostrophes.
Apostrophes: An Overview. Using Apostrophes to Make Singular Nouns Possessive. Your Turn. Using Apostrophes to Make Plural Nouns Possessive. Your Turn. Using Apostrophes When the Possessive Noun Is Not Next to the Item Being Possessed. Your Turn. Using Apostrophes to Indicate Contractions. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
37. Quotation Marks.
Quotation Marks: An Overview. Quotation Marks: Knowing When to Use Them. Using Quotation Marks to Indicate Dialogue. Using Quotation Marks to Quote a Person or Literary Work. Using Quotation Marks to Indicate a Title. Your Turn. Quotation Marks: Dealing with Special Issues. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
38. Capitalization.
Capitalization: An Overview. Capitalization: Sentences and Quotations. Capitalization: Proper Nouns and Adjectives. Capitalization: Titles. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
39. Eliminating Second Person and the Awkward Use of the Pronoun _One._
Second Person: An Overview. Your Turn. Second Person and Imperative Sentences. Your Turn. Eliminating the Awkward Use of the Pronoun _One._ Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
40. Easily Confused Words.
Easily Confused Words: An Overview. _To, Too,_ and _Two._ Your Turn. _There, Their,_ and _They're._ Your Turn. _Affect_ and _Effect._ Your Turn. _Then_ and _Than._ Your Turn. _You're_ and _Your._ Your Turn. _It's_ and _Its._ Your Turn. _Who_ and _Whom_ within a Statement. Your Turn. _Who_ and _Whom_ within a Question. Your Turn. _All Right_ and _A Lot._ Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
PART VII: STYLE ISSUES.
41. Types of Sentences.
Types of Sentences: An Overview. Simple Sentences. Your Turn. Compound Sentences. Your Turn. Complex Sentences. Your Turn. Compound Complex Sentences. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
42. Varying Your Sentence Structure by Combining Sentences.
Varying Your Sentence Structure: An Overview. Using Coordinating Conjunctions. Your Turn. Using Subordinating Conjunctions. Your Turn. Using Conjunctive Adverbs. Your Turn. Using Participial Phrases. Your Turn. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
43. Using Appropriate Language.
Using Appropriate Language: An Overview. Achieving a Proper Tone. Avoiding Slang, Vulgar Language, and Colloquialisms. Avoiding Clich s. Avoiding Contractions and Improper Spelling. Putting It All Together. Grammar in Context. Your Paper. Photo Op.
Appendixes.
I: Additional Readings.
Mortimer J. Adler, "How to Mark a Book." Maya Angelou, "Graduation." Bruno Bettelheim, "The Holocaust." David Cole, "The New Know-Nothingism: Five Myths about Immigration." Emily Dickinson, "I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died." Annie Dillard, "An American Childhood." Peter Elbow, "Freewriting." Robert Frost, "Mending Wall." Connie Goddard, "H8 @ skul: Cyber World Bullying." Langston Hughes, "The Negro Speaks of Rivers." Thomas Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence. Marcus Laffey, "Inside Dope." Diane Medved, "The Case against Divorce." Bharati Mukherjee, "American Dreamer." Camille Paglia, "Rape and the Modern Sex War." Anna Quindlen, "Homeless." Richard Rodriguez, "Aria: A Memoir of a Bilingual Childhood." Joel L. Swerdlow, "Changing America." Ronald Takaki, "Strangers from a Distant Shore." Sherry Turkle, "How Computers Change the Way We Think." Alice Walker, "Everyday Use." Diana Walker, "Billy Graham, Pastor in Chief." Tom Whitecloud, "Blue Winds Dancing."
II: Incorporating Research.
Incorporating Research: An Overview. Finding Reputable Sources. Evaluating Sources. Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing. Avoiding Plagiarism. Citing Sources. MLA Documentation. MLA Sample Research Paper: "Change Ascension to Accession" by Jessica Terry. APA Documentation. APA Sample Research Paper: "Punk Rock and the Ethos of Rebellion: How Punks Challenge Norms" by Jason Brown. Your Paper. Photo Op.
III: Practical Writing: Essay Tests, Cover Letters, and Resumes.
Practical Writing: An Overview. Essay Tests: An Overview. Essay Tests: Understanding Direction Words. Essay Tests: Anticipating Questions. Essay Tests: Interpreting Questions. Essay Tests: Outlining and Writing a Response. Sample Student Response to an Essay Test. Cover Letters: An Overview. Cover Letters: Making a Good Impression. Sample Cover Letter. Resumes: An Overview. Resumes: Accentuating Your Strengths. Sample Resume of an Experienced Professional. Sample Resume of a College Student.
Credits.
Index."
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