The idea of disability in the eighteenth century

著者

    • Mounsey, Chris

書誌事項

The idea of disability in the eighteenth century

edited by Chris Mounsey

（Transits : literature, thought & culture, 1650-1850）

Bucknell University Press, c2014

  • : cloth

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注記

"Universitas bucnellensis"

Includes bibliographical references (p. 247-261) and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

The Idea of Disability in the Eighteenth Century explores disabled people who lived in the eighteenth century. The first four essays consider philosophical writing dating between 1663 and 1788, when the understanding of disability altered dramatically. We begin with Margaret Cavendish, whose natural philosophy rejected ideas of superiority or inferiority between individuals based upon physical or mental difference. We then move to John Locke, the founder of empiricism in 1680, who believed that the basis of knowledge was observability, but who, faced with the lack of anything to observe, broke his own epistemological rules in his explanation of mental illness. Understanding the problems that empiricism set up, Anthony Ashley Cooper, Lord Shaftesbury, turned in 1711 to moral philosophy, but also founded his philosophy on a flaw. He believed in the harmony of "the aesthetic trinity of beauty, truth, and virtue" but he could not believe that a disabled friend, whom he knew to have been moral before his physical alteration, could change inside. Lastly, we explore Thomas Reid who in 1788 returned to the body as the ground of philosophical enquiry and saw the body as a whole-complete in itself and wanting nothing, be it missing a sense (Reid was deaf) or a physical or mental capacity. At the heart of the study of any historical artifact is the question of where to look for evidence, and when looking for evidence of disability, we have largely to rely upon texts. However, texts come in many forms, and the next two essays explore three types-the novel, the periodical and the pamphlet-which pour out their ideas of disability in different ways. Evidence of disabled people in the eighteenth century is sparse, and the lives the more evanescent. The last four essays bring to light little known disabled people, or people who are little known for their disability, giving various forms of biographical accounts of Susanna Harrison, Sarah Scott, Priscilla Poynton and Thomas Gills, who are all but forgotten in the academic world as well as to public consciousness.

目次

CONTENTS Acknowledgments Introduction: Variability: Beyond Sameness and Difference Chris Mounsey Part One - Methodological One: "Perfect according to their Kind": Deformity, Defect and Disease in the Natural Philosophy of Margaret Cavendish Holly Faith Nelson and Sharon Alker Two: What's the Matter with Madness? John Locke, the Association of Ideas, and the Physiology of Thought Jess Keiser Three: Defections from Nature: Humanity and Deformity in Eighteenth-Century British Moral Philosophy Paul Kelleher Four: Thomas Reid: Power as First Philosophy Emile Bojesen Part Two - Conceptual Five: 'An HOBBY-HORSE Well Worth Giving a Description of: Disability, Trauma, and Language in Tristram Shandy Anna K. Sagal Six: "One cannot be too secure:" Wrongful Confinement, or, the Pathologies of the Domestic Economy Dana Gliserman Kopans Part Three - Experiential Seven: 'on that rock I lay': Images of Disability Found in Religious Verse Jamie Kinsley Eight: Attractive Deformity: Enabling the "Shocking Monster" from Sarah Scott's Agreeable Ugliness (1754) Jason S. Farr Nine: Reading "The Blind Poetess of Lichfield": The Consolatory Odes of Priscilla Poynton Jess Domanico Ten: Thomas Gills: An eighteenth-century blind poet and the language of charity Chris Mounsey Bibliography Index About the Contributors

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