Acquisition and performance of sports skills

著者

    • McMorris, Terry

書誌事項

Acquisition and performance of sports skills

Terry McMorris

（Wiley SportTexts series）

Wiley Blackwell, 2014

2nd ed

  • : cloth
  • : paperback

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注記

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

An extensive update of a successful textbook on skill acquisition for sport students. Praised for its clarity of writing style and presentation the new edition will be an essential buy for those needing a practical, sport-focused introduction to the theory and application of human motor skills.

目次

Preface xiii Acknowledgements xix About the Companion Website xxi 1 Skill, Ability and Performance 1 Learning objectives 1 Skill 2 Classification of skills 3 Ability 6 Genes 8 The ability-skill interaction 10 Summary 12 Theories of performance 12 Information processing theory 13 Ecological psychology theories 17 Conclusion 20 Summary 20 Skill 20 Ability 20 Ability-skill interaction 21 Information processing theory 21 Ecological psychology theories 22 Test your knowledge 22 Part one 22 Part two 24 Additional reading 24 2 Sensation and Perception of External Information 25 Learning objectives 25 Information processing theory, sensation and perception 26 Definition of Perception 27 Signal detection theory 28 Pattern recognition 30 Selective attention 33 Visual search 36 Quiet eye 37 Individual differences 37 Summary 39 Ecological psychology and perception 39 Criticisms of the ecological approach 43 Summary 43 Developmental factors 43 Vision 43 Audition 44 Perceptual development and the environment 44 Conclusion 44 Summary 45 Information processing theory and perception 45 Ecological psychology and perception 47 Developmental factors 47 Test your knowledge 48 Part one 48 Part two 50 Part three 51 Additional reading 51 3 Decision Making and Working Memory 53 Learning objectives 53 Decision making 54 Working memory and decision making 54 Dynamical systems theory and goal achievement 58 Child development 58 Piagetian theory 59 Mental space theory 60 Domain-specificity theories 60 Information processing theory and cognitive development 61 Ecological psychology theories of cognitive development 61 Summary 62 Ageing 65 Research findings and problems with research design 65 Conclusion 67 Summary 68 Information processing theory and decision making 68 Working memory and decision making 68 Functional brain regions and working memory 68 Dynamical systems theory and goal achievement 69 Developmental issues 69 Research 69 Test your knowledge 70 Part one 70 Part two 71 Part three 72 Additional reading 72 4 Reaction Time 73 Learning objectives 73 Reaction time, movement time and response time: definitions 74 Inter- and intraindividual differences 76 Hick-Hyman Law 77 Probability and choice reaction time 77 Psychological refractory period 78 Stimulus and response factors 79 Central executive tasks and reaction time 84 Arousal and reaction time 84 Development and reaction time 85 Ageing 85 Reaction time research findings as evidence for and against information processing theory 85 Summary 86 Test your knowledge 87 Part one 87 Part two 88 Part three 89 Additional reading 89 5 Anticipation 91 Learning objectives 91 Interceptive actions 92 Information processing theory and interceptive actions 92 Watching the object to be intercepted 93 Action systems theory and interceptive actions 94 Perceptual anticipation 95 Information processing theory and perceptual anticipation 95 Ecological psychology and perceptual anticipation 96 Development and anticipation 102 Summary 103 Information processing theory and interceptive actions 103 Action systems theory and interceptive actions 103 Watching the ball and interceptive actions 103 Information processing theory and perceptual anticipation 103 Ecological psychology and perceptual anticipation 103 Research paradigms in perceptual anticipation 104 Research results 104 Developmental factors 104 Test your knowledge 104 Part one 104 Part two 106 Part three 107 Additional reading 107 6 Motor Control 109 Learning objectives 109 Central nervous system-peripheral nervous system interaction 110 Types of feedback 113 Summary 119 Information processing theory and efferent organization 119 Motor programmes 120 Summary 123 Ecological psychology and motor control 123 Visual guidance of movement 125 Summary 126 Development and motor control 127 Neurological and physiological growth 127 Adolescence 128 Ageing 129 Theories of motor development 129 Ecological psychology and motor development 130 Motor performance 131 Ageing 132 Practical implications 132 Mini-games 133 Conditioned games 133 Gender issues 134 Physical stress during performance 134 Summary 135 Brain and motor control 135 Proprioception 135 Motor programmes 135 Ecological psychology and motor control 135 Developmental issues 136 Theories of motor development 136 Motor performance 136 Test your knowledge 137 Part one 137 Part two 138 Additional reading 139 7 Memory 141 Learning objectives 141 Information processing theory and short-term memory 142 Sensory information store 142 Short-term memory 142 Forgetting in short-term memory 143 Short-term motor memory 144 Information processing theory and long-term memory 147 Long-term motor memory 147 Declarative long-term memory 148 Non-declarative long-term memory 148 Regional brain functions and memory 149 Development and short-term and long-term memory 150 Ecological psychology and attunement to affordances 151 Summary 152 Sensory information store 152 Short-term memory 152 Short-term motor memory 152 Long-term memory 153 Long-term motor memory 153 Declarative memory 153 Non-declarative memory 153 Regional brain functions 153 Development 153 Ecological psychology and attunement to affordances 154 Test your knowledge 154 Part one 154 Part two 155 Additional reading 156 8 Learning I: Types, theories, styles and measurement 157 Learning objectives 157 Types of learning 158 Explicit learning 158 Implicit learning 159 Mental rehearsal 163 Cognitive theories of learning 163 Fitts and Posner's three stage theory 164 Gentile's model of learning 164 Adams' closed loop theory of learning 165 Schmidt's schema theory 166 Anderson's adaptive control of thought (ACT*) theory 167 Observational learning theory 168 Dynamical systems theory and learning 168 Learning and coaching/teaching styles 170 Learning styles 171 Coaching/teaching styles 172 Optimal periods of learning 176 Measuring learning 176 Types of tests used to infer learning 179 Summary 182 Cognitive theories of learning 182 Dynamical systems theory and learning 183 Learning styles 183 Coaching/teaching styles 183 Practical implications 184 Measurement 184 Test your knowledge 184 Part one 184 Part two 185 Part three 186 Additional reading 187 9 Learning II: Instruction, Practice, Transfer of Training and Feedback 189 Learning objectives 189 Instruction 190 Analogy as a form of instruction 191 Focus of attention 191 Demonstration 192 Mirror neurons 193 Practice 193 Types of practice 193 Variability of practice 198 Contextual interference 199 Dynamical systems theory and practice 200 Transfer of training 201 Transfer theories 202 Bilateral transfer 204 Feedback 205 Observation 205 Timing and precision of feedback 208 Summary 213 Feedback formats 213 Practical implications 214 Deciding on session content 215 Deciding on the type of instruction 216 Practice, observation and feedback 217 Observation 218 Feedback 219 Summary 221 Instruction and demonstration 221 Practice 221 Deliberate practice 221 Variability of practice 221 Contextual interference 221 Dynamical systems theory and practice 222 Transfer of training 222 Feedback 223 Practical implications 223 Test your knowledge 224 Part one 224 Part two 226 Part three 227 Part four 228 Additional reading 228 10 Motivation, Arousal, and Learning and Performance 229 Learning objectives 229 Motivation 229 Motivational theories 230 Self-determination theory 230 Achievement motivation theory 231 Achievement goal theory 232 Summary 233 Practical implications 233 Developmental issues 234 Arousal and performance 235 Arousal-performance theories 235 Regional brain functions and arousal 240 Practical implications 241 High levels of arousal 243 Summary 247 Motivation 247 Arousal 248 Theories of arousal-performance interaction 248 Regional brain functions and arousal 249 Practical implications 249 Test your knowledge 250 Part one 250 Part two 251 Part three 252 Additional reading 252 11 Conclusion 253 State of the art 253 Skill 253 Abilities 254 Perception 254 Decision making 255 Reaction time 255 Anticipation 255 Motor control 255 Memory 255 Learning 256 Practice 256 Arousal and performance 256 Information processing theory versus ecological psychology theories 256 Neuroscientific input 258 Appendix 1: Writing an Academic Paper 259 Version one 259 Version two 260 Appendix 2: Test Your Knowledge Answers 263 Chapter 1 263 Part one 263 Part two 263 Chapter 2 263 Part one 263 Part two 264 Part three 264 Chapter 3 265 Part one 265 Part two 265 Part three 266 Chapter 4 266 Part one 266 Part two 267 Part three 267 Chapter 5 268 Part one 268 Part two 268 Part three 269 Chapter 6 270 Part one 270 Part two 271 Chapter 7 272 Part one 272 Part two 272 Chapter 8 272 Part one 272 Part two 272 Part three 273 Chapter 9 273 Part one 273 Part two 273 Part three 274 Part four 274 Chapter 10 275 Part one 275 Part two 276 Part three 276 Appendix 3: Calculating variable error 277 References 279 Index 291

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