Microstructural design of advanced engineering materials
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書誌事項
Microstructural design of advanced engineering materials
Wiley-VCH, c2013
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
The choice of a material for a certain application is made taking into account its properties. If, for example one would like to produce a table, a hard material is needed to guarantee the stability of the product, but the material should not be too hard so that manufacturing is still as easy as possible - in this simple example wood might be the material of choice. When coming to more advanced applications the required properties are becoming more complex and the manufacturer's desire is to tailor the properties of the material to fit the needs. To let this dream come true, insights into the microstructure of materials is crucial to finally control the properties of the materials because the microstructure determines its properties. Written by leading scientists in the field of microstructural design of engineering materials, this book focuses on the evolution and behavior of granular microstructures of various advanced materials during plastic deformation and treatment at elevated temperatures. These topics provide essential background and practical information for materials scientists, metallurgists and solid state physicists.
目次
Contents Preface XV List of Contributors XVII Part I Materials Modeling and Simulation: Crystal Plasticity, Deformation, and Recrystallization 1 1 Through-Process Modeling of Materials Fabrication: Philosophy, Current State, and Future Directions 3 Gunter Gottstein 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Microstructure Evolution 5 1.3 Microstructural Processes 6 1.4 Through-Process Modeling 10 1.5 Future Directions 14 References 16 2 Application of the Generalized Schmid Law in Multiscale Models: Opportunities and Limitations 19 Paul Van Houtte 2.1 Introduction 19 2.2 Crystal Plasticity 20 2.3 Polycrystal Plasticity Models for Single-Phase Materials 27 2.4 Plastic Anisotropy of Polycrystalline Materials 33 2.5 Experimental Validation 34 2.6 Conclusions 37 References 38 3 Crystal Plasticity Modeling 41 Franz Roters, Martin Diehl, Philip Eisenlohr, and Dierk Raabe 3.1 Introduction 41 3.2 Fundamentals 45 3.3 Application Examples 49 3.4 Conclusions and Outlook 61 References 62 4 Modeling of Severe Plastic Deformation: Time-Proven Recipes and New Results 69 Yuri Estrin and Alexei Vinogradov 4.1 Introduction 69 4.2 One-Internal Variable Models 70 4.3 Two-Internal Variable Models 77 4.4 Three-Internal Variable Models 81 4.5 Numerical Simulations of SPD Processes 82 4.6 Concluding Remarks 86 References 87 5 Plastic Anisotropy in Magnesium Alloys Phenomena and Modeling 91 Bevis Hutchinson and Matthew Barnett 5.1 Deformation Modes and Textures 91 5.2 Anisotropy of Stress and Strain 92 5.3 Modeling Anisotropic Stress and Strain 103 5.4 Concluding Remarks 114 References 115 6 Application of Stochastic Geometry to Nucleation and Growth Transformations 119 Paulo R. Rios and Elena Villa 6.1 Introduction 119 6.2 Mathematical Background and Basic Notation 121 6.2.1 Modeling Birth-and-Growth Processes 121 6.3 Revisiting JMAK 126 6.4 Nucleation in Clusters 130 6.5 Nucleation on Lower Dimensional Surfaces 136 6.6 Analytical Expressions for Transformations Nucleated on Random Planes 141 6.7 Random Velocity 145 6.8 Simultaneous and Sequential Transformations 150 6.9 Final Remarks 157 References 157 7 Implementation of Anisotropic Grain Boundary Properties in Mesoscopic Simulations 161 Anthony D. Rollett 7.1 Introduction 161 7.2 Overview of Simulation Methods 161 7.3 Anisotropy of Grain Boundaries 162 7.4 Simulation Approaches 164 7.5 Summary 180 References 180 Part II Interfacial Phenomena and their Role in Microstructure Control 187 8 Grain Boundary Junctions: Their Effect on Interfacial Phenomena 189 Lasar S. Shvindlerman and Gunter Gottstein 8.1 Introduction 189 8.2 Experimental Measurement of Grain Boundary Triple Line Energy 190 8.3 Impact of Triple Line Tension on the Thermodynamics and Kinetics in Solids 192 8.4 Why do Crystalline Nanoparticles Agglomerate with Low Misorientations? 196 8.5 Concluding Remarks 198 References 199 9 Plastic Deformation by Grain Boundary Motion: Experiments and Simulations 201 Dmitri A. Molodov and Yuri Mishin 9.1 Introduction 201 9.2 What is the Coupled Grain Boundary Motion? 202 9.3 Computer Simulation Methodology 204 9.4 Experimental Methodology 206 9.5 Multiplicity of Coupling Factors 208 9.6 Dynamics of Coupled GB Motion 212 9.7 Coupled Motion of Asymmetrical Grain Boundaries 216 9.8 Coupled Grain Boundary Motion and Grain Rotation 221 9.9 Concluding Remarks 227 References 229 10 Grain Boundary Migration Induced by a Magnetic Field: Fundamentals and Implications for Microstructure Evolution 235 Dmitri A. Molodov 10.1 Introduction 235 10.2 Driving Forces for Grain Boundary Migration 236 10.3 Magnetically Driven Grain Boundary Motion in Bicrystals 237 10.4 Selective Grain Growth in Locally Deformed Zn Single Crystals under a Magnetic Driving Force 246 10.5 Impact of a Magnetic Driving Force on Texture and Grain Structure Development in Magnetically Anisotropic Polycrystals 248 10.6 Magnetic Field Influence on Texture and Microstructure Evolution in Polycrystals Due to Enhanced Grain Boundary Motion 258 10.7 Concluding Remarks 261 References 262 11 Interface Segregation in Advanced Steels Studied at the Atomic Scale 267 Dierk Raabe, Dirk Ponge, Reiner Kirchheim, Hamid Assadi, Yujiao Li, Shoji Goto, Aleksander Kostka, Michael Herbig, Stefanie Sandlobes, Margarita Kuzmina, Julio Millan, Lei Yuan, and Pyuck-Pa Choi 11.1 Motivation for Analyzing Grain and Phase Boundaries in High-Strength Steels 267 11.2 Theory of Equilibrium Grain Boundary Segregation 271 11.3 Atom Probe Tomography and Correlated Electron Microscopy on Interfaces in Steels 280 11.4 Atomic-Scale Experimental Observation of Grain Boundary Segregation in the Ferrite Phase of Pearlitic Steel 282 11.5 Phase Transformation and Nucleation on Chemically Decorated Grain Boundaries 288 11.6 Conclusions and Outlook 295 References 295 12 Interface Structure-Dependent Grain Growth Behavior in Polycrystals 299 Suk-Joong L. Kang, Yang-Il Jung, Sang-Hyun Jung, and John G. Fisher 12.1 Introduction 299 12.2 Fundamentals: Equilibrium Shape of the Interface 300 12.3 Grain Growth in Solid Liquid Two-Phase Systems 302 12.4 Grain Growth in Solid-State Single-Phase Systems 312 12.5 Concluding Remarks 317 References 318 13 Capillary-Mediated Interface Energy Fields: Deterministic Dendritic Branching 323 Martin E. Glicksman 13.1 Introduction 323 13.2 Capillary Energy Fields 324 13.3 Capillarity-Mediated Branching 329 13.4 Branching 333 13.5 Dynamic Solver Results 334 13.6 Conclusions 336 References 337 Part III Advanced Experimental Approaches for Microstructure Characterization 339 14 High Angular Resolution EBSD and Its Materials Applications 341 Claire Maurice, Romain Quey, Roland Fortunier, and Julian H. Driver 14.1 Introduction: Some History of HR-EBSD 341 14.2 HR-EBSD Methods 342 14.3 Applications 351 14.4 Discussion 359 14.5 Conclusions 362 References 363 15 4D Characterization of Metal Microstructures 367 Dorte Juul Jensen 15.1 Introduction 367 15.2 4D Characterizations by 3DXRD From Idea to Implementation 368 15.3 Examples of Applications 372 15.4 Challenges and Suggestions for the Future Success of 3D Materials Science 379 15.5 Concluding Remarks 381 References 382 16 Crystallographic Textures and a Magnifying Glass to Investigate Materials 387 Jurgen Hirsch 16.1 Introduction 387 16.2 Texture Evolution and Exploitation of Related Information in Metal Processing 388 16.3 Summary 399 References 400 Part IV Applications: Grain Boundary Engineering and Microstructural Design for Advanced Properties 403 17 The Advent and Recent Progress of Grain Boundary Engineering (GBE): In Focus on GBE for Fracture Control through Texturing 405 Tadao Watanabe 17.1 Introduction 405 17.2 Historical Background 406 17.3 Basic Concept of Grain Boundary Engineering 410 17.4 Characteristic Features of Grain Boundary Microstructures 420 17.5 Relation between Texture and Grain Boundary Microstructure 426 17.6 Grain Boundary Engineering for Fracture Control through Texturing 434 17.7 Conclusion 441 References 441 18 Microstructure and Texture Design of NiAl via Thermomechanical Processing 447 Werner Skrotzki 18.1 Introduction 447 18.2 Experimental 447 18.3 Microstructure and Texture Development 450 18.4 Texture Simulations 457 18.5 Mechanical Anisotropy 459 18.6 Conclusions 463 References 463 19 Development of Novel Metallic High Temperature Materials by Microstructural Design 467 Martin Heilmaier, Joachim Rosler, Debashis Mukherji, and Manja Kruger 19.1 Introduction 467 19.2 Alloy System Mo Si B 468 19.3 Alloy System Co Re Cr 480 19.4 Conclusions 489 References 490 Index 495
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