The history of Bhutan
著者
書誌事項
The history of Bhutan
Haus, 2013
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. [600]-612) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
In recent years, the remote Kingdom of Bhutan has increasingly attracted the attention of the world. In 2008, Bhutan emerged as the youngest democracy and in the same year it crowned the world's youngest monarch. Today, it continues to enchant the rest of the world with its policy of Gross National Happiness and has become a popular destination for travel. But despite its growing popularity and the rising scholarly interest in the country, Bhutan remains one of the most poorly studied places on earth. Karma Phuntsho's The History of Bhutan is the first-ever attempt to cover the entire history of Bhutan in English, combining both traditional perspectives and modern academic analysis. Written by a leading expert on the country, the book tells the story of Bhutan in a narrative style interspersed with some analytical and topical discussion, and numerous citations and translations from earlier writings. It is primarily a historical account, but it also includes substantive discussions of Bhutan's geography, culture and society to give readers an incisive introduction to the country.
目次
Lhomonkhazhi - the Mon of four approaches 4 Menjong - the medicinal country 6 Country bestrewn with Tsanden 7 Drukyul - the Land of the Thunder Dragon 8 Bhutan - a British legacy 11 The Land and its People 15 The Subtropical Lowlands 22 The Temperate Midlands 25 The Alpine Highlands 36 The People 39 Many Tongues 51 Central Bodish group 52 Dzongkha 52 Chocha Ngacha/Tsamangpikha 54 Jyokha of Merak and Sakteng 55 Jyokha of Dur 55 Lakha language 55 Bokay or Tibetan 55 E ast Bodish group 56 Bumthangkha 56 Khengkha 56 Kurtop 56 Ngenkha 56 Chalibikha 56 Dzalakha 57 Dakpakha 57 Monkha/Olekha 57 Other Bodic languages 57 Tshangla 57 Lhopikha 58 Gongdukpikha 58 Lepcha 58 Limbu, Rai, Tamang, Sherpa, etc. 58 Kurux 58 Indo-European languages 59 Nepali 59 Hindi 59 English 59 History and Prehistory 63 In the presence of the past 63 The Prehistoric Period 66 Early Historic Period: Early Diffusion of Buddhism 76 Songtsen Gampo and the two temples 77 Padmasambhava and the two kings 84 The refugees 110 Early Historic Period: Later Diffusion of Buddhism 119 The dung lineages 120 The Ura dung 121 The Ngang dung 127 D ung/dung reng 128 The religious lines 133 Bon religion 135 The Lhapa Kagyu school 136 The Drukpa Kagyu school 141 The Nyingma school 150 Tertons in rough chronological order 152 Pema Lingpa and other local Bhutanese tertons 160 Lhomon Kathogpa 176 Chagzampa tradition 177 Nenyingpa 180 Barawa of Kagyu school 182 Sakyapa 184 Shingtapa of Gelug school 185 Kamtshang of Kagyu school 186 Drigung of Kagyu school 187 ther prominent religious visitors 188 Indian visitors 189 A sketch of society and polity 190 The Medieval Period: The Unification of the Dragon Country 207 The historical conditions 207 Zhabdrung's dispute in Tibet 212 Zhabdrung arrives in Bhutan 217 The Portuguese guests 224 Zhabdrung's first dzong and the second Tibetan invasion 227 The Palace of Great Bliss and the third Tibetan invasion 229 The Dalai Lama's rule and Zhabdrung's victory 238 Gaden Phodrang's second defeat and Zhabdrung's celebrations 244 Zhabdrung's retreat and expansion of the state 249 Zhabdrung's Legacy and the Early Monk Rulers 255 Zhabdrung's legacy of a religious state 256 Sustaining Zhabdrung's legacy 259 The pressing question of succession 273 The beginning of internal strife 292 The alternate line of succession 295 Overture to Ladakh and disclosure of the 'open secret' 301 Multiple Incarnations and the Rise of Lay Rulers 305 The Shaman of Wang and the rise of the first lay ruler 305 The proliferation of incarnations and the fall of Bearded Desi 314 Two incarnate brothers and the last Tibetan invasion 319 Mipham Wangpo's escape and the continuation of Bonbji rule 327 The glorious days of Sherab Wangchuk 331 The Rise of Southward Relations and Internal Strife 342 Zhidar and Bhutan's affairs with Cooch Behar 342 The opportunistic EIC 347 Bogle and the first British Mission to Bhutan 354 The reign of Jigme Sengay and more white men 361 Factional fighting and the imbroglio of incarnations 370 The clash of incarnations and the first pressure from the east 376 Bhutan's stake in British expansion 385 Death, destruction and reappearance 389 Civil Wars and Frontier Troubles 394 F irst clash with the British in the east 395 The fear of the unknown and the Pemberton mission 401 Chakpa Sangay's rebellion and an unaccomplished mission 404 Two capitals, two rulers and oaths of reconciliation 408 The loss of the luminaries and re-ignition of strife 414 The fate of Jigme Norbu and the fall of Chakpa Sangay 417 The incessant conflicts 425 The rise of Jigme Namgyal 430 The Duar War and the Black Regent 441 Continued frontier outrages 441 The humiliation of Ashley Eden 450 The Duar War 458 Resumption of civil war 468 The Emergence of Ugyen Wangchuk and End of Civil War 479 The Rise of Ugyen Wangchuk 479 Bhutan's last internal strife and the battle of Changlingmethang 485 Ugyen Wangchuk as king-maker and mediator 493 The final years of a religious republic 502 Early Modern Period: The Introduction of Monarchy 513 The sociopolitical setting 513 The King is crowned 520 King Ugyen Wangchuk's deeds and devotion 525 The reign of Jigme Wangchuk 535 The weight of the golden yoke 543 Securing the sovereignty 550 The Modern Period: The Dragon's New Journey 565 Decentralization, democracy and dasho aspirants 566 Security, sovereignty and the dragon's wrath 572 Socioeconomic development and cultural transformations 583 The dragon's tryst with happiness 595 Bibliography 600 Notes 613 Index 636
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