The elements of moral philosophy
著者
書誌事項
The elements of moral philosophy
McGraw-Hill Education, c2015
8th ed
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
The Elements of Moral Philosophy by James Rachels and Stuart Rachels is a best-selling text for undergraduate courses in ethics. Thirteen thought-provoking chapters introduce readers to major moral concepts and theories in philosophy through clear, understandable explanations and compelling discussions.
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目次
RACHELS, THE ELEMENTS OF MORAL PHILOSOPHY, 8ETABLE OF CONTENTS1.WHAT IS MORALITY?1.1. The Problem of Definition
1.2. First Example: Baby Theresa
1.3. Second Example: Jodie and Mary
1.4. Third Example: Tracy Latimer
1.5. Reason and Impartiality
1.6. The Minimum Conception of Morality2.THE CHALLENGE OF CULTURAL RELATIVISM2.1. Different Cultures Have Different Moral Codes
2.2. Cultural Relativism
2.3. The Cultural Differences Argument
2.4. What Follows from Cultural Relativism
2.5. Why There Is Less Disagreement Than It Seems
2.6. Some Values Are Shared by All Cultures
2.7. Judging a Cultural Practice to Be Undesirable
2.8. Back to the Five Claims
2.9. What We Can Learn from Cultural Relativism3.SUBJECTIVISM IN ETHICS3.1. The Basic Idea of Ethical Subjectivism
3.2. The Linguistic Turn
3.3. The Denial of Value
3.4. Ethics and Science
3.5. The Question of Same-Sex Relations4.DOES MORALITY DEPEND ON RELIGION?4.1. The Presumed Connection between Morality and Religion
4.2. The Divine Command Theory
4.3. The Theory of Natural Law
4.4. Religion and Particular Moral Issues5.ETHICAL EGOISM5.1. Is There a Duty to Help the Starving?
5.2. Psychological Egoism
5.3. Three Arguments for Ethical Egoism
5.4. Three Arguments against Ethical Egoism6.THE SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY6.1. Hobbes's Argument
6.2. The Prisoner's Dilemma
6.3. Some Advantages of the Social Contract Theory
6.4. The Problem of Civil Disobedience
6.5. Difficulties for the Theory7.THE UTILITARIAN APPROACH7.1. The Revolution in Ethics
7.2. First Example: Euthanasia
7.3. Second Example: Marijuana
7.4. Third Example: Nonhuman Animals8.THE DEBATE OVER UTILITARIANISM8.1. The Classical Version of the Theory
8.2. Is Pleasure All That Matters?
8.3. Are Consequences All That Matter?
8.4. Should We Be Equally Concerned for Everyone?
8.5. The Defense of Utilitarianism
8.6. Concluding Thoughts9.ARE THERE ABSOLUTE MORAL RULES?9.1. Harry Truman and Elizabeth Anscombe
9.2. The Categorical Imperative
9.3. Kant's Arguments on Lying
9.4. Conflicts between Rules
9.5. Kant's Insight10.KANT AND RESPECT FOR PERSONS10.1. Kant's Core Ideas
10.2. Retribution and Utility in the Theory of Punishment
10.3. Kant's Retributivism11.FEMINISM AND THE ETHICS OF CARE11.1. Do Women and Men Think Differently about Ethics?
11.2. Implications for Moral Judgment
11.3. Implications for Ethical Theory12.VIRTUE ETHICS12.1. The Ethics of Virtue and the Ethics of Right Action
12.2. The Virtues
12.3. Two Advantages of Virtue Ethics
12.4. Virtue and Conduct
12.5. The Problem of Incompleteness
12.6. Conclusion13. WHAT WOULD A SATISFACTORY MORAL THEORY BE LIKE?13.1. Morality without Hubris13.2. Treating People as They Deserve
13.3. A Variety of Motives
13.4. Multiple-Strategies Utilitarianism
13.5. The Moral Community
13.6. Justice and Fairness
13.7. ConclusionNotes on Sources
Index
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