Fundamentals of philosophy
著者
書誌事項
Fundamentals of philosophy
Prentice Hall, c2001
5th ed
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
For freshman/sophomore-level courses in Introduction to Philosophy.
An accessible reader/text for beginning students of philosophy, this volume offers a broad scope of diverse classic and contemporary selections - with a narrative and format that presents difficult issues and readings in a simplified but not condescending manner. The readings are grouped around major philosophic themes: logic, ethics, metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of religion, philosophy of art, and social and political philosophy. It also offers a selection of readings from Eastern philosophy.
目次
- I WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY? 1. The Activity of Philosophy. 2. Philosophy's History. 3. Philosophy and the Examined Life. READING: Socrates, In Defense of Philosophy. II. THINKING ABOUT THINKING (LOGIC). 4. The Life of Reason. 5. Argument Forms. 6. Inductive Arguments and Scientific Reasoning. 7. Strategies for Philosophical Argument. READING: Thomas A. Shipka, Are You a Critical Thinker?. III. WHAT IS REAL? (METAPHYSICS). 8. Introduction to Metaphysics. 9. Materialism. READING: Epicurus, First Principle of Materialism. 10. Idealism. READING: George Berkeley, Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous. 11. The Mind-Body Problem. READING: Richard Taylor, Materialism and Personal Identity. 12. Metaphysics and Language. READING: Ludwig Wittgenstein, Philosophical Investigations. IV. HOW DO WE KNOW? (EPISTEMOLOGY). 13. Introduction to Epistemology. 14. Appearance and Reality. READING: Plato, The Visible and the Invisible. 15. The Quest for Certainty. READING: Rene Descartes, Mediations. 16. Trust Your Senses. READING: David Hume, Skeptical Doubts Concerning the Operations of the Understanding. 17. A Compromise. READING: Immanuel Kant, Two Sources of Knowledge. 18. The Challenges of Postmodernism. V. WHAT OUGHT WE TO DO? (ETHICS). 19. Introduction to Ethical Reasoning. 20. The Need for Morality. READING: Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan. 21. The Morality of Self-Realization. READING: Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics. 22. Morality Depends on the Consequences. READING: John Stuart Mill, Utilitarianism. 23. Morality Depends on Motives. READING: Immanuel Kant, Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals. VI. PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION. 24. Introduction to Philosophy and Religion. 25. Religion and Life's Meaning. READING: Leo Tolstoy, A Confession. 26. Arguments for God's Existence: The Ontological Argument. READING: St. Anselm, Proslogion. 27. Arguments for God's Existence: The Cosmological Arguments. READINGS: St. Thomas Aquinas, The Five Ways. William Paley, Natural Theology. 28. The Problem of Evil. READING: John Hick, The Vale of Soul-Making Theodicy. VII. PHILOSOPHY OF ART (ESTHETICS). 29. Introduction to Philosophy of Art. 30. The Value of Art. READING: H. Gene Blocker, The Esthetic Attitude. 31. Art as Ideal. READING: Kenneth Clark, The Naked and the Nude. 32. Esthetics and Ideology. READING: Jennifer Jeffers, The Politics of Representation: The Role of the Gaze in Pornography. VIII. SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY. 33. Social and Political Philosophy. 34. The Libertarian View of the State. READING: John Locke, The State and the State of Nature. 35. The Individual and the State. READING: John Stuart Mill, On Liberty. 36. Individual Happiness and Social Responsibility. READING: M. Andrew Holowchak, Happiness and Justice in "Liberal" Society: Autonomy as Political Integration. 37. Minority Group Rights. Elizabeth Smith and H. Gene Blocker, Minority Groups and the State. IX. EASTERN THOUGHT. 38. Philosophy East and West. 39. Eastern Thought: Theories of Human Nature. READINGS: Mencius, The Book of Mencius
- Xun Zi, The Nature of Man is Evil
- Dong Zhongshu, Man's Nature is Neither Good Nor Evil. 40. Eastern Thought: The Individual and the Collective. READINGS: The Path of Yoga
- Lao Tzu, The Tao Te Ching. Glossary of Terms. Index.
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