Social problems and the quality of life
著者
書誌事項
Social problems and the quality of life
McGraw-Hill, c2006
10th ed
注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. 468-525) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Focusing on quality of life, this text defines what a social problem is and then addresses specific issues - for example, how can one gain a sociological understanding of social problems? What kinds of critical thinking should one engage in and what kinds should one avoid in attempting to understand social problems? How is the quality of one's life affected by particular problems? And, What causes these problems and how can we resolve them? Part One establishes key approaches to social problems; the remaining parts discuss the social problems that most acutely impact the quality of our lives.
目次
Part One: Foundations 1 Understanding Social Problems Learning Objectives Focus Questions Personal vs. Social Problems The Causes of Problems / The Consequences of ProblemsA Model For Understanding A Theory-Based Model / Quality of Life / Multiple Levels of Social Problems / Social Action for Resolution / The Changing Nature of Social Problems / Analyzing Social ProblemsCritical Thinking: Recognizing Fallacies Fallacy of the Dramatic Instance / Fallacy of Retrospective Determinism / Fallacy of Misplaced Concreteness / Fallacy of Personal Attack / Appeal to Prejudice / Circular Reasoning / Fallacy of Authority / Fallacy of Composition / Non Sequitur / Involvement--How, and How Not, To ThinkThe Sources of Data: Social Research Survey Research / Statistical Analysis of Official Records / Experiments / Participant ObservationSummary Key Terms Study Questions For Further Reading Part Two: Problems of Behavioral Variance 2 Sexual Variance Learning Objectives Focus Questions Examples of Sexual Variance Prostitution Prostitution and the Quality of Life / Contributing Factors / Global Comparison: Child ProstitutesPublic Policy and Private Action: What Is To Be Done? Pornography, Erotica, and Obscenity Nature and Extent of the Problem / Pornography, Erotica, Obscenity and the Quality of Life / Involvement--Sexy or Disgusting? / Contributing Factors Public Policy and Private Action: What Is to Be Done? Homosexuality and Homophobia Homosexuality: Definition and Numbers / Why Are Some People Homosexual? / Homosexuality and the Quality of Life /Voices: "I Didn't Understand" / Contributing FactorsPublic Policy and Private Action: What Is To Be Done? Summary Key Terms Study Questions For Further Reading3 Alcohol and Other Drugs Learning Objectives Focus Questions Alcohol Effects / Patterns of Use / Alcohol and the Quality of Life / Global Comparison: Alcoholism in Eastern Europe / Contributing Factors / What Is to Be Done? / Involvement--"I'd Kill before I'd Drink"Other Drugs Types and Effects / Patterns of Use / Drugs and the Quality of Life /Voices: Despair and Hope / Contributing FactorsPublic Policy and Private Action: What Is to Be Done? Treating Addicts / Enforcement Programs / Education and Prevention ProgramsSummary Key Terms Study Questions For Further Reading4 Crime and Delinquency Learning Objectives Focus Questions The Varieties of Crime Predatory Crime / Illegal Service Crimes / Public Disorder Crimes / Crimes of Negligence / White? Collar Crime / Organized Crime / Juvenile Delinquency / Juvenile Violence and Juvenile GangsThe Extent of Crime and Delinquency Sources of Data / Problems with Official Records / The Amount of Crime and Delinquency / The Distribution of CrimeThe Criminal Justice Process Crime, Delinquency, and the Quality of Life Physical and Psychological Costs of Crime / Economic Costs of Crime / Voices: A Victim RecoversContributing Factors Social Structural Factors / Global Comparison: Alternatives to Imprisonment: Germany and Israel / Social Psychological Factors / Involvement--Coddling CriminalsPublic Policy and Private Action: What Is to Be Done? Punishment or Rehabilitation? / Community Action and Involvement / Aid to VictimsSummary Key Terms Study Questions For Further Reading5 Violence Learning Objectives Focus Questions What Is Violence? How Much Violence Is There?Violence and the Quality of Life Human Injury and Destruction / Psychological Disruption and Dehumanization / Violence as Seductive Self Destruction /Economic CostsContributing Factors Social Structural Factors / Involvement: Violently Opposed to Violence / Is There a Subculture of Violence? / Social Psychological FactorsPublic Policy and Private Action: What Is to Be Done? The Violence of Rape Number and Characteristics of Victims Rape and the Quality of Life Emotional Trauma / Voices: "I Felt Guilty" / Physical AbuseContributing Factors Social Structural Factors / Global Comparison: Attitudes of Turkish students toward rape / Social Psychological FactorsPublic Policy and Private Action: What Is to Be Done? Summary Key Terms Study Questions For Further Reading Part Three: Problems of Inequality 6 Poverty Learning Objectives Focus Questions What Is Poverty? Extent of Poverty / Who Are the Poor? / Global Comparison: Poverty in the World System / The Changing Nature of PovertyPoverty and the Quality of Life Voices: We Feel Like Deadbeats" / The Right to Life and Happiness / The Right to Dignity as a Human Being / Poverty and Health / Dilemmas of Poverty / Involvement--From Riches to RagsContributing Factors Social Structural Factors / Social Psychological FactorsPublic Policy and Private Action: What Is to Be Done? Summary Key Terms Study Questions For Further Reading7 Gender Inequality Learning Objectives Focus Questions Biology or Society? Gender and Biology / Men's IssuesGender Inequality and the Quality of Life The Right to Equal Economic Opportunities / Global Comparison: Occupational Sex Segregation in Developing Countries / Educational Attainment / Political Participation / The Right to Dignity as a Human Being / Voices: "I Didn't Need the Extra Hassles"Contributing Factors Social Structural Factors / Social Psychological Factors / Involvement--You Are What You Read Public Policy and Private Action: What Is to Be Done? Summary Key Terms Study Questions For Further Reading < h3>8 Race, Ethnic Groups, and Racism Learning Objectives Focus Questions The Meaning of Race, Ethnic Groups, and Racism Extent and Origin of Races and Racism in America Race, Ethnicity and the Quality of Life The Rights of Citizenship / The Right to Equal Economic Opportunities / The Right to Life and Happiness / Voices: Will It Ever End? / The Right to Dignity as a Human BeingContributing Factors Involvement--Becoming Color Blind / Social Structural Factors / Social Psychological Factors / Global Comparison: Prejudice in EuropePublic Policy and Private Action: What Is to Be Done? Summary Key Terms Study Questions For Further Reading Part Four: Problems of Social Institutions 9 Government and Politics Learning Objectives Focus Questions Introduction Why Government? Protect the Citizenry / Secure Order / Distribute Power Equitably / Provide a Safety NetProblems of Government and Politics Inequalities in Power / The Failure of Trust / Involvement: Why Don't People Trust the Government? / Waste, Corruption, and Scandals / Gridlock Government, Politics, and the Quality of Life Unequal Opportunities for a High Quality of Life / Inadequate Protection of Individual Rights / Lack of Responsiveness to Needs / Voices: "Why Isn't There Help for People Like Me?"Contributing Factors Social Structural Factors / Global Comparison: Bureaucracy in Indonesia / Social Psychological FactorsPublic Policy and Private Action: What Is to Be Done? Summary Key Terms Study Questions For Further Reading10 Work and the Economy Learning Objectives Focus Questions The Economy, Work, and the Work Force in America The Changing Economy / The Changing Occupational Structure / The Changing Composition of the Labor Force / The Changing Meaning of WorkWork as a Social Problem Unemployment and Underemployment / Global Comparison: Unemployment Rates in Industrial Nations / Dissatisfaction and Alienation / Work Hazards and StressWork and the Quality of Life Work, Unemployment, and Health / Voices: "I'm Not a Worrier, but..." / Interpersonal RelationshipsContributing Factors Social Structural Factors / Social Psychological Factors / Involvement--Fun and Games at WorkPublic Policy and Private Action: What Is to Be Done? Summary Key Terms Study Questions For Further Reading11 Education Learning Objectives Focus Questions Why Education? Educational Attainment and Payoff Levels of Attainment / Global Comparison: Educational Attainment, by Country / Attainment and PayoffEducation and the Quality of Life Inequality of Opportunity and Attainment / The Atmosphere: Learning or Surviving? / The Payoff: A Great Training Robbery? / American Education: A Tide of Mediocrity?Contributing Factors Social Structural Factors / Involvement--What is the Purpose of Education? / Voices: "I Kept My Mouth Shut" / Social Psychological Factors / A Concluding Note on the Inequality in EducationPublic Policy and Private Action: What Is to Be Done? Use of Vouchers / Quality Enhancement Measures / The Desegregation Process / Compensatory and Other Innovative Programs / The Deschooling Movement Summary Key Terms Study Questions For Further Reading12 Family Problems Learning Objectives Focus Questions Is the Family Doomed? Alternative Forms of the Family / The Changing American Family / Global Comparison: Marital Quality and Well-Being of Children / Functions of the FamilyThe Extent of Family Problems Disrupted and Reconstituted Families / Family Violence Family Problems and the Quality of Life Physical and Emotional Difficulties / Voices: "I Survived the Abuse" / Poverty / Deviant Behavior / MaladjustmentContributing Factors Social Structural Factors / Social Psychological Factors / Involvement--One Big Happy FamilyPublic Policy and Private Action: What Is to Be Done? Summary Key Terms Study Questions For Further Readingl3 Health Care and Illness: Physical and Mental Learning Objectives Focus Questions Nature of the Problem: Health Care and Illness Physical Illness / AIDS / Global Comparison: The Worldwide Challenge of Infectious Diseases / Mental Illness / Involvement--Except Me and Thee? / Voices: "If You Want to Live a Long Life..."Health Care, Illness, and the Quality of Life Stress and Suffering / Interpersonal Relationships / Inadequate Care / Deinstitutionalization / Individual Freedom / Economic CostsContributing Factors Social Structural Factors / Social Psychological FactorsPublic Policy and Private Action: What Is to Be Done? Summary Key Terms Study Questions For Further Reading Notes Part Five: Global Social Problems 14 War and Terrorism Learning Objectives Focus Questions War, Civil War, and Terrorism The New Face of War / Extent of the ProblemWar, Terrorism and the Quality of Life Human Destruction and Injury / Psychological Disruption and Dehumanization / Environmental Destruction / Voices: "I Didn't Want to See It" / The Economic Costs / Civil LibertiesContributing Factors Social Structural Factors / Global Comparison: Militarism: "A World Gone Insane" / Social Psychological Factors / Involvement: "What a Great War That Was"Public Policy and Private Action: What Is to Be Done? Summary Key Terms Study Questions For Further Reading15 The Environment Learning Objectives Focus Questions The Ecosystem Types of Environmental Problems Environmental Pollution / Environmental DepletionHow Big Are Our Environmental Problems? Environmental Pollution / Environmental Depletion / Global Comparison: World Energy Consumption and ProductionEnvironmental Problems and the Quality of Life The Hazards of Overpopulation / The Environmental Threat to Life and Health / Voices: "We're Not Safe Here Anymore" / Threat to the Ecological Balance / The Economic Costs / Threat to World PeaceContributing Factors Social Structural Factors / Social Psychological FactorsPublic Policy and Private Action: What Is to Be Done? Involvement: Nature Bats LastSummary Key Terms Study Questions For Further Reading
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