CiNii 図書 - Muslim sources on the Magyars in the second half of the 9th century : the Magyar chapter of the Jayhānī tradition

The Jayhani tradition contains the most detailed description of the Magyars/Hungarians before the Conquest of the Carpathian Basin (895). Unfortunately, the book itself was lost and it can only be reconstructed from late Arabic, Persian and Turkic copies. The reconstruction is primarily based on the texts of al-Marwazi, Ibn Rusta and Gardizi. The original text has shorter and longer versions. The basic text was reformed at least twice and later copyists added further emendation. This study focuses on the philological comments and historical interpretation of the Magyar chapter, integrating the results in the fields of medieval Islamic studies, the medieval history of Eurasian steppe, and the historiography of early Hungarian history.

Contents Preface ix List of Maps and Illustrations xiii Introduction 1 1 The Jayhani Tradition 7 1 The Personality of al-Jayhani 7 2 Al-Jayhani's Literary Activity and His Geographical Work 11 3 The Sources of al-Jayhani's Geographical Work 16 Ibn Khurdadhbih 16 4 The Works Which Preserved the Jayhani Tradition 18 Ibn Rusta 18 Hudud al-'alam 19 Gardizi 19 Al-Bakri 20 Abu'l-Fida' 23 Al-Marwazi 23 'Awfi 24 Shukrallah 24 Muhammad Katib 25 Hajji Khalifa 25 5 Al-Jayhani's Report on Central Asia and Eastern Europe 26 2 The Versions and Translations of the Magyar Chapter 38 3 The Interpretation of the Magyar Chapter 56 1 The Name of the Magyars 56 Folk Etymologies of the Designation Magyar 62 2 The Eastern Magyars 67 Pechenegs 67 Volga Bulgars 72 AEskal 74 First Border 77 3 The Magyars as Turks 83 Turk Meaning Magyar 85 Magyars Belonging to the Turk Peoples 90 4 The Strength of the Magyar Army 102 5 The Political Organization 116 The Interpretation of the Word shi'ar 117 The Magyar King Kunda 118 The King Gyula 120 Dual Kingship 120 The Structure of Nomadic Empires 125 6 Houses and Nomadic Life 139 Yurts and Tents 139 Nomadic Way of Life 160 7 The Dimensions of the Magyar Lands 186 8 The Sea of Rum and Its Two Rivers, Fishing in the Winter Quarters 202 The Roman Sea 204 Jayhun Amu Darya 230 Winter Quarters 233 Fishing 236 9 The Bulgars on the Danube 239 Onogundur ~ W.n.nd.r 241 Bulgars and Ogurs 244 Danube Bulgars 262 10 Etil and Danube 265 Danube 266 Volga 270 Etelkoez, Habitat of the Magyars before the Conquest 281 The Role of Rivers in the Nomadic Way of Life 284 11 Moravia 290 12 The Characteristic of the Magyar Lands 303 13 Magyar Agriculture 306 14 Magyars and Slavs 309 Saqaliba 317 Rus 320 Kiev and the Magyars 324 Provisions 327 15 The Religion of the Magyars 330 16 Magyar-Byzantine Trade 334 Karkh 336 Slave Trade 337 Byzantine Merchandise 338 17 Khazar-Magyar Relations 340 Sarkel 340 Trench 342 Khazar-Magyar Relations 344 18 The Appearance of the Magyars 354 19 Clothes and Weapons 356 Weapons 357 20 Prosperity and Trade 358 21 Raids against the Slavs 359 22 The Distance between the Slavs and the Magyars 359 23 Bride-Price 360 24 The Eastern Border of the Magyar Territory 363 25 Slavic Castles against the Magyars 364 Summary 365 Bibliography 377 Index 409

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Muslim sources on the Magyars in the second half of the 9th century : the Magyar chapter of the Jayhānī tradition

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