Environmental criminal liability and enforcement in European, and international law
著者
書誌事項
Environmental criminal liability and enforcement in European, and international law
（Queen Mary studies in international law, v. 21）
Brill Nijhoff, 2015
- : hardback
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注記
Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral)--University of Essex Law School, 2009
Includes bibliographical references (p. [351]-373) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Environmental Criminal Liability and Enforcement in European and International Law assesses the legal, theoretical and practical implications of interstate cooperation aimed at harmonising environmental criminal law standards. The book analyses the rationales for criminalisation of environmental offences and the approaches to harmonisation under specific European and international legal instruments.
目次
Excerpt of Table of Contents
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations
1 Introduction
1.1 Overview of the Book and Subject Matter
1.2 Overview of International and European Developments
1.3 The Structure of the Book
2 The Role of the Criminal Law for the Protection of the Environment
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Defining 'Environmental Crime'
2.3 Rationales for the Criminalisation of Environmental Offences
2.4 Alternatives to Criminal Liability
2.5 Conclusions
3 The Internationalisation of Environmental Criminal Law: Rationales, Basis and Prospects
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Rationales for the Internationalisation of Environmental Criminal Law
3.3 The Rationales for Regionalisation of Environmental Criminal Law
3.4 The Basis for Environmental Criminal Liability under International Law
3.5 Conceptualising the Crime of 'Ecocide'
3.6 The Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court over International Environmental Crime
3.7 Criminalisation and Enforcement under Multilateral Environmental Agreements
3.8 Improving Inter-agency Cooperation Against Environmental Crime
3.9 Conclusions
4 The Degrees of Harmonisation of Environmental Criminal Law
4.1 Introduction
4.2 The Notion of Legal Harmonisation
4.3 The Degrees of Interstate Harmonisation of Criminal Law
4.4 Approximation or Cooperation? The Principle of Mutual Recognition in eu Criminal Law
4.5 The Format of the Legal Instrument Harmonising Environmental Criminal Law: The Choice between Directives and Regulations
4.6 Direct and Indirect Effect of Environmental Crime Legislation
4.7 Approaches to Legislative Harmonisation
4.8 Conclusions
5 The Competence to Harmonise Environmental Criminal Law in the European Union
5.1 Introduction
5.2 The Competence of the European Union in the Environmental Law Field
5.3 The Choice of Legal Basis for Harmonisation of EU Environmental Law
5.4 The Creation of an Area of Freedom, Security and Justice in the EU
5.5 The Harmonisation of Environmental Criminal Law at the Supranational Level - Pre-Lisbon Developments
5.6 The Lisbon Treaty and the Future of EU Environmental Criminal Law
5.7 Legal Principles Limiting the Future Harmonisation of Environmental Criminal Law in the EU
5.8 Conclusions
6 The Harmonisation of Substantive Environmental Criminal Law and Penalties
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Criminal Offences
6.3 Complicity
6.4 General Structure of the Criminal Offences
6.5 The Range of Offences in the European Environmental Crime Legislation
6.6 The Harmonisation of Corporate Criminal Liability Rules
6.7 Rules on Prosecution and Jurisdiction
6.8 The Harmonisation of Criminal Penalties
6.9 Conclusions
7 Could the Harmonisation of Environmental Criminal Law Improve the Enforcement of Environmental Law?
7.1 Introduction
7.2 The Methodology Applied in the Chapter
7.3 Criminal v. Administrative and Civil Law
7.4 Assessing the Effectiveness of Law Enforcement Mechanisms and Sanctions
7.5 General Structural Aspects of Enforcement: The Powers to Investigate, Prosecute and Adjudicate
7.6 Procedural Aspects
7.7 Conclusions on Comparative Analysis of Enforcement Mechanisms
7.8 Assessing the need for Harmonisation of Environmental Criminal Law
7.9 Conclusions
8 Concluding Remarks
Bibliography
Index
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