Mammal societies

著者

書誌事項

Mammal societies

Tim Clutton-Brock

John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016

  • : cloth

大学図書館所蔵 件 / 全4件

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注記

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

The book aims to integrate our understanding of mammalian societies into a novel synthesis that is relevant to behavioural ecologists, ecologists, and anthropologists. It adopts a coherent structure that deals initially with the characteristics and strategies of females, before covering those of males, cooperative societies and hominid societies. It reviews our current understanding both of the structure of societies and of the strategies of individuals; it combines coverage of relevant areas of theory with coverage of interspecific comparisons, intraspecific comparisons and experiments; it explores both evolutionary causes of different traits and their ecological consequences; and it integrates research on different groups of mammals with research on primates and humans and attempts to put research on human societies into a broader perspective.

目次

Preface, xi Acknowledgements, xiii 1 Social evolution, 1 1.1 Origins, 1 1.2 Sociality and mating systems, 11 1.3 Reproductive competition, 13 1.4 Mate choice, 17 1.5 Parental care, 20 1.6 Cooperation, 24 1.7 Loaded labels, 34 References, 35 2 Female sociality, 47 2.1 Introduction, 47 2.2 Contrasts in female sociality, 47 2.3 Benefits of grouping, 53 2.4 Costs of grouping, 60 2.5 Sociality and fitness, 63 2.6 Comparative sociality, 65 2.7 The distribution of female sociality, 78 2.8 Group coordination, 79 2.9 Consequences of female sociality, 80 3 Female dispersal and philopatry, 94 3.1 Introduction, 94 3.2 Variation in female philopatry and dispersal, 96 3.3 Benefits of philopatry, 102 3.4 Benefits of dispersing, 104 3.5 Species differences in female philopatry, 111 3.6 Social and ecological consequences of female philopatry, 113 References, 115 4 Female mating decisions, 123 4.1 Introduction, 123 4.2 Direct benefits of mate choice to females, 128 4.3 Genetic benefits of mate choice to females, 128 4.4 Female mating preferences, 130 Maturity, 130 4.5 Mate choice copying, 142 4.6 Partner number and post-copulatory mate choice, 142 4.7 Variation in mate choice and partner number, 145 4.8 Consequences of female mating preferences, 146 References, 147 5 Maternal care, 156 5.1 Introduction, 156 5.2 The evolution of maternal care, 156 5.3 Prenatal investment, 162 5.4 Maternal effects, 166 5.5 Lactation and infant care, 170 5.6 Post-weaning investment, 176 5.7 Investment strategies, 180 5.8 Relationships between siblings, 182 5.9 Parent-offspring conflict, 185 5.10 Consequences of maternal care, 187 References, 188 6 Social development, 196 6.1 Introduction, 196 6.2 Social learning, 197 6.3 Social development, 203 6.4 Play, 204 6.5 Social knowledge, 205 6.6 Individual differences and personality, 210 6.7 Traditions, 212 References, 219 7 Communication, 226 7.1 Introduction, 226 7.2 Types of signal, 230 7.3 Signalling in theory and practice, 250 References, 255 8 Competition between females, 263 8.1 Introduction, 263 8.2 Competitive tactics, 267 8.3 Social structure and competition, 273 8.4 Conflict proliferation and limitation, 282 8.5 Consequences of female competition, 285 9 Cooperation between females, 298 9.1 Introduction, 298 9.2 Cooperation in different contexts, 298 9.3 Cheating in theory and practice, 322 9.4 The evolution of cooperation, 323 9.5 Consequences of cooperation, 324 References, 326 10 Mating systems, 333 10.1 Introduction, 333 10.2 Social monogamy, 335 10.3 Polygynous systems, 339 10.4 Genetic mating systems, 359 10.5 Consequences of polygyny, 360 11 Association between males, 373 11.1 Introduction, 373 11.2 Contrasts in the formation and structure of male groups, 373 11.3 Costs of association to males, 379 11.4 Benefits of association to males, 380 11.5 Kinship, familiarity, cooperation and hostility, 384 11.6 The size of male associations, 386 11.7 Contrasts in reproductive skew, 389 11.8 Consequences of male association, 391 References, 395 12 Male dispersal and its consequences, 401 12.1 Introduction, 401 12.2 Variation in dispersal rates by males, 401 12.3 The costs and benefits of dispersal to males,409 12.4 Secondary dispersal by males, 412 12.5 Sex differences in philopatry, 414 12.6 Dispersal distance, 416 12.7 The social and ecological consequences of male dispersal, 418 References, 421 13 Reproductive competition among males, 427 13.1 Introduction, 427 13.2 The benefits and costs of fighting, 427 13.3 Assessment and the evolution of maledisplays, 434 13.4 Adaptive fighting tactics, 445 13.5 Benefits and costs of mate guarding, 445 13.6 Adaptive guarding tactics, 447 13.7 Alternative tactics, 452 13.8 Sperm competition, 453 13.9 Consequences of reproductive competition between males, 456 References, 458 14 Relationships between males in multi-male groups, 466 14.1 Introduction, 466 14.2 The development of dominance, 467 14.3 Dominance and breeding success, 470 14.4 Reproductive skew in multi-male groups, 474 14.5 Dominance, condition and survival, 476 14.6 Coalitions and alliances, 477 14.7 Market models and the dynamics of supportive relationships, 482 14.8 Punishment, retaliation and reconciliation,482 14.9 The consequences of male hierarchies, 484 References, 486 15 Males and females, 493 15.1 Introduction, 493 15.2 Male mate choice, 494 15.3 Manipulation, 496 15.4 Coercion, 496 15.5 Female counter-strategies to male coercion,507 15.6 Male infanticide, 508 15.7 Female counter-strategies to male infanticide, 516 15.8 Post-copulatory sexual conflict, 521 15.9 Demographic consequences of sexual conflict, 521 References, 524 16 Paternal care, 532 16.1 Introduction, 532 16.2 The distribution of paternal care, 533 16.3 Control mechanisms, 543 16.4 Benefits and costs of paternal care, 545 16.5 Tactical investment, 547 16.6 Conflicts between parents, 548 16.7 Male care and the evolution of mating systems, 548 References, 551 17 Cooperative breeding, 557 17.1 Introduction, 557 17.2 Delayed dispersal, 562 17.3 Reproductive suppression, 564 17.4 Reproductive skew, 570 17.5 Benefits and costs of helping, 574 17.6 Division of labour, 580 17.7 Regulation of workload, 584 17.8 The evolution of cooperative breeding, 586 17.9 Consequences of cooperative breeding, 589 References, 594 18 Sex differences, 605 18.1 Introduction, 605 18.2 Body size, 606 18.3 Weaponry, 608 18.4 Ornaments, 610 18.5 Growth, 610 18.6 Nursing, 615 18.7 Social development, 618 18.8 Feeding ecology, 621 18.9 Mortality, 623 18.10 Sex ratios at birth, 626 18.11 Adult sex ratios, 631 References, 633 19 Hominins and humans, 643 19.1 Introduction, 643 19.2 Human evolution, 644 19.3 Life histories, 649 19.4 Sex differences, 653 19.5 Hominin and human societies, 663 19.6 Why us?, 671 References, 673 20 Human behaviour, 680 20.1 Introduction, 680 20.2 Mate choice, 681 20.3 Parental care, 687 20.4 Allo-parental care, 693 20.5 Cooperation, 698 20.6 The human condition, 713 References, 714 Index, 725

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