Philanthropic foundations, public good and public policy
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書誌事項
Philanthropic foundations, public good and public policy
Palgrave Macmillan, c2016
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Philanthropic foundations, public good & public policy
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. 159-179) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This
book discusses a series of related but independent challenges faced by
philanthropic foundations, drawing on international, contemporary and
historical data. Throughout the world,
private philanthropic foundations spend huge sums of money for public good
while the media, policy-makers and the public have little understanding of what
they do and why. Diana Leat considers
the following questions: Are philanthropic foundations more than warehouses of
wealth? Where does foundation money come from, and is there a tension between a
foundation's ongoing sources of income and its pursuit of public good? How are
foundations regulated and held accountable in society? Is there any evidence
that foundations are effective in what they do? Is it possible to have too much
philanthropy? In posing these questions, the book explores some of the key
tensions in how foundations work, and their place in democratic societies.
目次
Contents
1. Focus
on foundations
Introduction
Philanthropy is good - more is better?
Focus of the Book
Why Focus on Foundations
Global Growth
Scale of Resources
The Reach of Foundations
Philanthropic
Foundations in the Dock
Charges and Responses
2. Definitions
and distinctions
Varieties
of Giving
What
Is a Philanthropic Foundation?
Initial Definitions
Types of Foundation
Distinguishing by Source/Type of Income
Distinguishing by Style: Operating and
Grantmaking
Rationales for Grant Making and Operating
Table 1: Grant-making vs. Operating
3. How foundations work - an overview
Birth
to Work
In the Beginning- Donors and Money
A Mission/Deed
Governance
Staffing
Grant Making Styles and Processes
4. From charity to change, Brussels to
Beijing
The
Variety of Foundations
Introduction
Approaches to
Foundation Formation Throughout the World
Sketches
of Foundations Across the Globe
Introduction
Africa
China, Japan
and Singapore
India
Australia and
New Zealand
North America
< South America
Europe
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Concluding
Remarks
5. Public benefit or playthings of the
rich
Introduction
Charges and
Responses
The Charges
The Responses
The
Charges
Why Create a
Foundation?
Motives for Giving
What's Need Got to Do with It?
Where the Money Goes
The
Responses
The Right to
Give as You Choose
Legal
Restrictions
Tax Matters
The Duty of
Wealth
We're All
Different
Variations in
Giving
The Power of
Staff
A Stop Gap
Against Government and Market Failure
Sources of
Innovation and Change
Discourtesy or
Necessity?
Coordination -
Damned If You Do ...
Unelected and
Undemocratic
Funding Terms
A Product of
Culture not Whims?
6. Sources of wealth and income
Introduction
Charges and
Responses
The
Charges
How
The Money Was Made
Eroding the
Tax Base
'Doing good' -
the Cherry on the Cake or Horse Manure
Sources of
Income - Taking with One Hand and Giving with the Other
The
Responses
This is
Capitalism
Investment
Income: A Force for Good?
7. Warehouses of wealth: payout and
perpetuity
Introduction
The Charges
and Responses
The
Charges 1
Warehouses of
Wealth
In Favour of
Mandatory Payout Rates
The
Responses
Against
Mandatory Pay Out Rates
Robbing Peter to Pay Paul
Market Volatility
A Ceiling Not a Floor?
Practical Problems
Pay Out: The
wrong Issue ?
The
Charges 2
Perpetuity -
the Issue
Against
Perpetuity
The
Response 2
Perpetuity Is
Not For All
In Favour of
Perpetuity
8. Cash machines or more?
Foundations:
Money, Value Added and Overhead
Introduction
Charges and
Responses
Charge
Expensive Cash
Machines?
Responses
Introduction
Accounting for
Higher Costs
Practical Problems<
Another Explanation for Differences
The Costs of
Creating public Benefit
Funder Plus
Beyond Moving Money to Effectiveness
Multipliers
9. Missing measurement, misunderstanding
measurement?
Foundations
and Effectiveness
The Growing
Pressure to Measure
The Charges
and Responses
The
Charge
No Change?
Maintaining
the Status Quo?
Ineffective
Practices?
The
Responses
An
Inappropriate Demand
No
Responsibility to Produce Maximum Benefit?
Effectiveness
and Values
The Effective
Ineffective Foundation
Measuring
Impact - A Fools Errand?
Measurement -
Too Little, Too Late?
Misunderstanding the Contributions of Foundations?
10. Foundations and democracy: threat or
promise?
Introduction
The Charges
and Responses
The
Charges
A Brief US
History
Unpicking the
Charges
Sucking Wealth Out of the Tax Base
Unregulated and Unaccountable
Concentrations of Wealth and Power
Influencing Policy
Narrowing Alternatives
'Bribing' State Governments
'Cooling Out'
Creeping Privatisation
A Substitute for Justice?
The
Responses
Introduction
Denying the
Charges
Misplaced Fear
It Depends
Positive
Responses
Protection Against Big Government
Pluralism
Maximum Public Benefit and Minimum Loss of
Economic and Political
Freedom
Cost Effectiveness
Redistribution
Creativity
Promoting Democracy
Looking in the Wrong Place?
11. Dark corridors or glass pockets?
Introduction
The Charges
and Responses
The
Charges
Unaccountable
and Unregulated?
The
Responses
Tax Subsidies
and Accountability
Adequate
Regulation
Table 2: Foundation Accountability in Four
European Countries
Self
Regulation
Confused
Demands: It All Depends
The Downsides
of Glass Pockets
Not More or
Less But the Right Sort
12. The future is monstrous?
Introduction
Issues
Ahead?
Tax Advantages
Greater
Regulation
The Rise and
Rise of 'Effective Altriusm'
Relations with
Government and Business
Power and
Decision-Making
Talking about
Happiness
Grant-Making
and Money
Foundations
and Dinosaurs?
Legitimacy
Matters
Keepers of the
Public Faith
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