Democracy for hire : a history of American political consulting

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書誌事項

Democracy for hire : a history of American political consulting

Dennis W. Johnson

Oxford University Press, c2017

  • : hardback

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注記

Appendix A: Key consultants and senior advisers for presidential candidates, 1952-2016 (p. [471]-481)

Appendix B: American Association of Political Consultants Hall of Fame inductees (p. [483])

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

Though they work largely out of the eye of the public, political consultants - "image merchants" and "kingmakers" to candidates - play a crucial role in shaping campaigns. They persuaded Barry Goldwater to run for president, groomed former actor Ronald Reagan for the California governorship, helped derail Bill Clinton's health care initiative, and carried out the swiftboating of John Kerry. As Dennis Johnson argues in this history of political consulting in the United States, they are essential to modern campaigning, often making positive contributions to democratic discourse, and yet they have also polarized the electorate with their biting messages. During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, political campaigns were run by local political parties, volunteers, and friends of candidates; but as party loyalties among voters began to weaken, and political parties declined as sources of manpower and strategy, professional consultants swept in to carry the day. Political consulting emerged as a profession in the 1930s with writers Leone Baxter and Clem Whitaker, the husband and wife team who built their business, in part, with a successful campaign to destroy Upton Sinclair's 1934 bid for governor of California. With roots in advertising and public relations, political consulting has since developed into a highly professionalized business worth hundreds of millions of dollars. In fact, some of the top campaign consulting outfits have more recently come full circle and merged to create new public relations firms, serving not just candidates but also shaping public advocacy campaigns for businesses and nonprofits. Johnson, an academic who has also worked on campaigns alongside the likes of James Carville and pollster Peter D. Hart, suffuses his history with the stories of the colorful characters who have come to define the profession of consulting, from its beginning to its present. This will be the most complete and sweeping story of the profession to date. As such it tells not just the making of a political business but the very contours of modern American politics.

目次

  • List of Tables Preface and Acknowledgments Introduction PART 1: EARLY BUSINESS OF POLITICAL CONSULTING, 1930s-1960s Ch. 1 In the Beginning, Whitaker & Baxter Ch. 2 Measuring Public Opinion, Private and Public Pollsters Ch. 3 Radio, Television and Campaigning, 1920s-1960 Ch. 4 The Pioneers Ch. 5 Consultants and Presidential Campaigns, 1964 and 1968, and Consulting Abroad PART 2: THE EXPANSION AND GROWTH OF CONSULTING, 1970s-1980s Ch. 6 Money, Campaigns and the Next Generation of Consultants Ch. 7 Evolution of Polling Ch. 8 The Media Revolution Ch. 9 Voter Contact: Targeting, Direct Mail, and Phone Banks Ch. 10 Consultants and Presidential Campaigns, 1972, 1976, and 1980 Ch. 11 Consulting, Ballot Issues and Local Government Ch. 12 Consultants and Presidential Campaigns, 1984 and 1988 PART 3: TRANSFORMATION OF CONSULTING AND THE CHALLENGES AHEAD, 1990 - PRESENT Ch. 13 New Generation of Consultants Ch. 14 Consultants and Presidential Campaigns, 1992 and 1996 Ch. 15 Technological Advances Ch. 16 Issue Campaigns and Government Affairs
  • Consultants Going Corporate Ch. 17 Consultants and Presidential Campaigns, 2000 and 2004 Ch. 18 Consulting Internationally Ch. 19 Consultants and Presidential Campaigns, 2008 and 2012 Ch. 20 Outside Groups, Plutocrats and Dark Money
  • Consultants and the 2016 Presidential Campaign Ch. 21 Political Consulting Today Appendix A: Key Consultants and Senior Advisers for Presidential Candidates, 1952-2016 Appendix B: American Association of Political Consultants Hall of Fame Inductees Notes Index

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