History of the Jews in the Bohemian lands

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History of the Jews in the Bohemian lands

by Martin Wein

(Studies in Central European histories / general editors, Thomas A. Brady Jr., Roger Chickering, v. 61)

Brill, c2016

  • : hardback

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注記

Includes bibliographical references (p. [292]-319) and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

In History of the Jews in the Bohemian Lands, Martin Wein traces the interaction of Czechs and Jews, but also of Christian German-speakers, Slovaks, and other groups in the Bohemian lands and in Czechoslovakia throughout the first half of the twentieth century. This period saw accelerated nation-building and nation-cleansing in the context of hegemony exercised by a changing cast of great powers, namely Austria-Hungary, France, Nazi Germany, and the Soviet Union. The author examines Christian-Jewish and inner-Jewish relations in various periods and provinces, including in Subcarpathian Ruthenia, emphasizing interreligious alliances of Jews with Protestants, such as T. G. Masaryk, and political parties, for example a number of Social Democratic ones. The writings of Prague's Czech-German-Jewish founders of theories of nationalism, Hans Kohn, Karl W. Deutsch, and Ernest Gellner, help to interpret this history.

目次

Preface ... ix Acknowledgements ... xi List of Figures and Tables ... xiii Archival Abbreviations ... xiv 1 Introduction ... 1 Prague as a Theoretical Starting Point ... 3 History and Theory of Nationalism ... 8 Nation-cleansing ... 14 Christian-Jewish Relations ... 17 About This Book ... 20 2 The Great Fin-de-Siecle Crisis, 1897-1900 ... 22 Language Ordinances and the Political Parties ... 23 Party Politics ... 26 Press Incitement ... 30 Economic Boycotts and "Sanitation" ... 35 Riots and Blood Libels ... 38 The Hilsner Trial ... 40 Leopold Hilsner ... 42 Karel Baxa ... 43 3 Fallout: The Impact of the Crisis, 1900-1914 ... 46 From German-Liberalism to Zionism in Prague ... 47 Berta Fanta ... 54 Czech-Jews Revisited ... 55 Jewish Allies Reconsidered ... 58 Tomas Garrigue Masaryk ... 60 4 World War I and the Founding of Czechoslovakia, 1914-1920 ... 64 Christians and Jews in the Great War ... 65 Ostjuden ... 68 The Czechoslovak Exile ... 70 The Prague Revolution ... 74 Czechoslovakia's Borders ... 76 "Pogromstimmung" ... 82 5 The First Republic and the Minorities, 1920-1938 ... 89 From French to Nazi German Czechoslovakia ... 93 Slovakia and Subcarpathian Ruthenia as Czech Colonies? ... 100 Jews and Other Minorities ... 103 The End of German-Liberalism ... 106 Czechoslovakia's Hungarian-speaking Minority ... 109 International Minority Politics ... 111 German and Austrian Refugees in Czechoslovakia ... 114 6 Jewish Religion in Czechoslovakia, 1920-1938 ... 119 Jewish Religion in the Bohemian Lands ... 120 Jiri Langer ... 124 Alfred Fuchs ... 127 Christians and Jews in Slovakia ... 130 Christians and Jews in Subcarpathian Ruthenia ... 135 Hayim Eleazar Shapira ... 141 7 Jewish Politics in Czechoslovakia, 1920-1938 ... 147 Red Jews-Green Jews ... 149 Two Missions to the East ... 157 Zionist Internal Colonialism ... 159 Slovak-Jews ... 161 Jewish Education in Subcarpathian Ruthenia ... 164 Hayim Kugel ... 169 8 The Munich Agreement and the Second Republic, 1938-1939 ... 172 Road to Munich ... 173 In the No Man's Land ... 178 "Czecho-Slovakia" ... 181 Czech Fascism? ... 184 The First Transfer Agreement ... 189 Marie Schmolkova ... 192 9 Nazi Germany's "Protectorate," 1939-1945 ... 195 Fascist Slovakia and Subcarpathian Ruthenia ... 197 The "Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia" ... 199 The Nazi Genocide in the "Protectorate" ... 201 Resistance and Collaboration ... 204 Milena Jesenska ... 208 10 World War II and the Czechoslovak Exile, 1938-1945 ... 212 Familiar Exiles ... 213 Return to the Native? ... 216 The Czechoslovak Army-in-Exile in Poland ... 218 Svoboda's Army ... 220 Liberation? ... 224 11 The Reconstitution of Czechoslovakia, the Third Republic, and the Rise of Communism, 1945-1948 ... 228 A Historical Opportunity? ... 230 Czechoslovakia's Great Nation-Cleansing ... 233 The Pitter-Fierz Reports ... 238 The Romany Survivor Community ... 240 Making of a Communist State ... 242 A New Dictatorship ... 245 12 Czechoslovakia's Jewish Survivor Community, 1945-1948 ... 249 A Demography of Survivors ... 251 Jewish Population Movements ... 253 Restitution and Riots ... 257 Organizations, Press, and Education ... 262 Crackdown ... 264 The Second Transfer Agreement ... 266 "Crossbreeds" ... 268 Closed Gates ... 270 13 Conclusions ... 274 Appendices ... 279 Appendix A: Terminology ... 279 Appendix B: Population Statistics of Czechoslovakia ... 289 Appendix C: Jewish Religious Movements in Czechoslovakia ... 291 Bibliography ... 292 Index ... 320

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