Community criminology : fundamentals of spatial and temporal scaling, ecological indicators, and selectivity bias
著者
書誌事項
Community criminology : fundamentals of spatial and temporal scaling, ecological indicators, and selectivity bias
（New perspectives in crime, deviance, and law series）
New York University Press, c2015
- : hardback
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
For close to a century, the field of community criminology has examined the causes and consequences of community crime and delinquency rates. Nevertheless, there is still a lot we do not know about the dynamics behind these connections. In this book, Ralph Taylor argues that obstacles to deepening our understanding of community/crime links arise in part because most scholars have overlooked four fundamental concerns: how conceptual frames depend on the geographic units and/or temporal units used; how to establish the meaning of theoretically central ecological empirical indicators; and how to think about the causes and consequences of non-random selection dynamics.
The volume organizes these four conceptual challenges using a common meta-analytic framework. The framework pinpoints critical features of and gaps in current theories about communities and crime, connects these concerns to current debates in both criminology and the philosophy of social science, and sketches the types of theory testing needed in the future if we are to grow our understanding of the causes and consequences of community crime rates. Taylor explains that a common meta-theoretical frame provides a grammar for thinking critically about current theories and simultaneously allows presenting these four topics and their connections in a unified manner. The volume provides an orientation to current and past scholarship in this area by describing three distinct but related community crime sequences involving delinquents, adult offenders, and victims. These sequences highlight community justice dynamics thereby raising questions about frequently used crime indicators in this area of research. A groundbreaking work melding past scholarly practices in criminology with the field's current needs, Community Criminology is an essential work for criminologists.
目次
Contents Acknowledgments xi 1 Overview 1 2 Three Core Community Crime Sequences 25 3 Spatial Scaling I: Relevance and Conceptual Importance 69 4 Spatial Scaling II: Metatheorizing about Community-Crime Linkages 102 5 Spatial Scaling III: Understanding Place Criminology and Hot Spots 120 6 Temporal Scaling I: Cycles and Changes 146 7 Temporal Scaling II: A Temporally Dynamic Metamodel 173 8 Ecological Indicators: Model Comparisons and Establishing Meaning 203 9 Selectivity Bias: Metamodels, Selection Effects, and Neighborhood Effects 224 10 Integration and Metatheoretical Concerns: Is Progress Possible? 256 About the Online Appendices 267 Notes 269 References 283 Index 325 About the Author 329
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